Current Approaches to Monitor Macromolecules Directly from the Cerebral Interstitial Fluid

Custers, Marie-Laure; Nestor, Liam; De Bundel, Dimitri; Van Eeckhaut, Ann; Smolders, Ilse

doi:10.3390/pharmaceutics14051051

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Current Approaches to Monitor Macromolecules Directly from the Cerebral Interstitial Fluid

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Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Drug Analysis and Drug Information (FASC), Research Group Experimental Pharmacology (EFAR), Center for Neurosciences (C4N), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Brussels, Belgium

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Academic Editor: Flávia Sousa

Pharmaceutics 2022, 14(5), 1051; https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14051051

Received: 7 April 2022 / Revised: 7 May 2022 / Accepted: 11 May 2022 / Published: 13 May 2022

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Brain-Targeted Drug Delivery)

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Abstract

Gaining insights into the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of lead compounds is crucial during drug development processes. When it comes to the treatment of brain diseases, collecting information at the site of action is challenging. There are only a few techniques available that allow for the direct sampling from the cerebral interstitial space. This review concerns the applicability of microdialysis and other approaches, such as cerebral open flow microperfusion and electrochemical biosensors, to monitor macromolecules (neuropeptides, proteins, …) in the brain. Microdialysis and cerebral open flow microperfusion can also be used to locally apply molecules at the same time at the site of sampling. Innovations in the field are discussed, together with the pitfalls. Moreover, the ‘nuts and bolts’ of the techniques and the current research gaps are addressed. The implementation of these techniques could help to improve drug development of brain-targeted drugs. View Full-Text

Keywords: microdialysis; cerebral open flow microperfusion; electrochemical biosensors; macromolecules

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Custers, M.-L.; Nestor, L.; De Bundel, D.; Van Eeckhaut, A.; Smolders, I. Current Approaches to Monitor Macromolecules Directly from the Cerebral Interstitial Fluid. Pharmaceutics 2022, 14, 1051. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14051051

AMA Style

Custers M-L, Nestor L, De Bundel D, Van Eeckhaut A, Smolders I. Current Approaches to Monitor Macromolecules Directly from the Cerebral Interstitial Fluid. Pharmaceutics. 2022; 14(5):1051. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14051051

Chicago/Turabian Style

Custers, Marie-Laure, Liam Nestor, Dimitri De Bundel, Ann Van Eeckhaut, and Ilse Smolders. 2022. "Current Approaches to Monitor Macromolecules Directly from the Cerebral Interstitial Fluid" Pharmaceutics 14, no. 5: 1051. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14051051

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