The Kinetics of Humoral and Cellular Responses after the Booster Dose of COVID-19 Vaccine in Inflammatory Arthritis Patients
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Patients
2.2. Methods
2.3. Statistics
3. Results
3.1. Patients
3.2. The Kinetics of Humoral Response
3.3. The Kinetics of Cellular Response
3.4. The Effect of Immunomodulatory Drugs
3.5. New COVID-19 Infections
4. Discussion
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Inflammatory Arthritis (n = 29) | Healthy Control (n = 16) | Difference | |
---|---|---|---|
Age (mean ± SD) | 54.5 ± 14.2 | 41.8 ± 9 | p = 0.002 |
Sex—female (n, %) | 16 (55.2%) | 10 (62.5%) | ns |
BMI (mean ± SD) | 27.2 ± 4.3 | 27.7 ± 5.6 | ns |
Smoking (n, %) - current - past | 3 (10.3%) 8 (27.6%) | 1 (6.3%) 1 (6.3%) | ns ns |
Vaccine primary scheme (n, %) - Pfizer - Moderna - AstraZeneca - Johnson & Johnson | 23 (79.3%) 3 (10.3%) 2 (6.9%) 1 (3.5%) | 13 (81.2%) 1 (6.3%) 2 (12.5%) - | ns ns ns ns |
Heterologous Booster Vaccine (n, %) | 6 (20.7%) | 3 (18.8%) | ns |
Days after booster vaccination (median, min, max) - first point (T1) - second point (T2) | 31 (22, 52) 201 (167, 290) | 31 (27, 77) 199 (175, 234) | ns ns |
COVID-19 infection before booster vaccination (n, %) | 5 (17.2%) | 2 (12.5%) | ns |
COVID-19 infection after booster vaccination (n, %) | 5 (17.2%) | 3 (18.8%) | ns |
Inflammatory Arthritis (n = 29) | |||
Disease type (n, %) - Rheumatoid arthritis - Ankylosing spondylitis - Psoriatic arthritis - nrSpA | 16 (55.2%) 6 (20.7%) 6 (20.7%) 1 (3.4%) 28 (96.6%) 11 (37.9%) 5 (2.5, 37.5) 18 (62.1%) 17 (58.6%) 4 (13.8%) 18 (62.1%) 9 (31%) 5 (17.2%) 2 (6.9%) 2 (6.9%) 11 (37.9%) 7 (24.1%) | ||
Immunomodulatory treatment during booster (n, %) | |||
GCs (n, %) - dose (median, min, max) | |||
cDMARDs (n, %) - MTX - SSA | |||
bDMARDs and tsDMARDs (n, %) - TNFi - JAKi - IL-6i2 - IL-17i bDMARDs and tsDMARDs used: - in monotherapy - with cDMARDs | |||
Treatment suspension during booster (n, %) | 2 (6.9%) |
IgG Antibodies, Median RU/mL (Min, Max) | ||
---|---|---|
Healthy Control (HC, n = 16) | 1253.2 (331.4, 2561.9) | The Difference Compared to HC |
GCs (n = 11) | 107.4 (10.7, 1273.4) | p < 0.001 |
MTX (n = 17) | 406 (10.7, 5166.4) | p = 0.007 |
SSZ (n = 4) | 452.8 (13.4, 778.1) | p = 0.011 |
bDMARDs and tsDMARDs (n = 18) | 380.4 (10.7, 3476.4) | p < 0.001 |
- TNFi (n = 9) | 293 (36.1, 1294.8) | p < 0.001 |
- JAKi (n = 5) | 614.5 (107.4, 943.2) | p = 0.008 |
- IL-6i (n = 2) | 351.9 (10.7, 693.1) | ns |
- IL-17i (n = 2) | 1915.6 (354.8, 3476.4) | ns |
IGRA, Median Fold Change (Min, Max) | ||
Healthy Control (HC, n = 16) | 1236.7 (19.2, 30,161) | The Difference Compared to HC |
GCs (n = 9) | 0.95 (0, 182.7) | p < 0.001 |
MTX (n = 16) | 73.6 (0, 1763.8) | p = 0.002 |
SSZ (n = 3) | 46.9 (0.9, 142.5) | p = 0.016 |
bDMARDs and tsDMARDs (n = 18) | 6.3 (0, 1763.8) | p < 0.001 |
- TNFi (n = 9) | 69.5 (0, 409.7) | p < 0.001 |
- JAKi (n = 5) | 2.5 (0, 1186.7) | p = 0.004 |
- IL-6i (n = 2) | 0.85 (0.6, 1.1) | p = 0.013 |
- IL-17i (n = 2) | 1092.6 (421.4., 1763.8) | ns |
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Wroński, J.; Jaszczyk, B.; Roszkowski, L.; Felis-Giemza, A.; Bonek, K.; Kornatka, A.; Plebańczyk, M.; Burakowski, T.; Lisowska, B.; Kwiatkowska, B.; et al. The Kinetics of Humoral and Cellular Responses after the Booster Dose of COVID-19 Vaccine in Inflammatory Arthritis Patients. Viruses 2023, 15, 620. https://doi.org/10.3390/v15030620
Wroński J, Jaszczyk B, Roszkowski L, Felis-Giemza A, Bonek K, Kornatka A, Plebańczyk M, Burakowski T, Lisowska B, Kwiatkowska B, et al. The Kinetics of Humoral and Cellular Responses after the Booster Dose of COVID-19 Vaccine in Inflammatory Arthritis Patients. Viruses. 2023; 15(3):620. https://doi.org/10.3390/v15030620
Chicago/Turabian StyleWroński, Jakub, Bożena Jaszczyk, Leszek Roszkowski, Anna Felis-Giemza, Krzysztof Bonek, Anna Kornatka, Magdalena Plebańczyk, Tomasz Burakowski, Barbara Lisowska, Brygida Kwiatkowska, and et al. 2023. "The Kinetics of Humoral and Cellular Responses after the Booster Dose of COVID-19 Vaccine in Inflammatory Arthritis Patients" Viruses 15, no. 3: 620. https://doi.org/10.3390/v15030620
APA StyleWroński, J., Jaszczyk, B., Roszkowski, L., Felis-Giemza, A., Bonek, K., Kornatka, A., Plebańczyk, M., Burakowski, T., Lisowska, B., Kwiatkowska, B., Maśliński, W., Wisłowska, M., Massalska, M., Kuca-Warnawin, E., & Ciechomska, M. (2023). The Kinetics of Humoral and Cellular Responses after the Booster Dose of COVID-19 Vaccine in Inflammatory Arthritis Patients. Viruses, 15(3), 620. https://doi.org/10.3390/v15030620