A New Analytical Wake Model for Yawed Wind Turbines
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Numerical Model
2.1. Governing Equations
2.2. The Turbulence Model
2.3. Wind Turbine Model
2.4. Numerical Setup
3. Numerical Results and Discussions
3.1. Validation of Numerical Model
3.2. Mean Velocity and Turbulence Intensity under Yawed Conditions
4. Analytical Model
4.1. A New Analytical Model for the Wake Deflection
4.2. Wake Model for Yawed Wind Turbines
5. Conclusions
- The numerical results by using the Reynolds Stress Model show good agreement with those by LES model. Based on a systematic numerical simulation, it is found that the high turbulence accelerates the process of flow mixing in the wake region, thus wake deflection recover faster than those with the low ambient turbulence intensity.
- A new analytical wake deflection model is proposed based on the Gaussian distribution for velocity deficit and the top-hat shape for skew angle and it is validated by comparison with the results obtained from the wind tunnel test and the numerical simulations. The model parameters are determined as the function of ambient turbulence intensity and thrust coefficient, which enables the model to have good applicability under various conditions.
- An analytical wake model for the yawed wind turbines is developed by incorporating the proposed wake deflection model, which shows good performance for predicting distributions of mean velocity and turbulence intensity by comparison with the numerical results.
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
Appendix A. Wake Defection Model of Jimenez et al.
Appendix B. Wake Deflection Model by Bastankhah and Porté-Agel
Appendix C. Wake Model for Non-Yawed Wind Turbines by Qian and Ishihara
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Boundary | Specification |
---|---|
Inlet | Profiles of |
Outlet | Outflow |
Side | Symmetry |
Top | Symmetry |
Bottom | Logarithmic law |
Case | (Deg.) | ||
---|---|---|---|
1 | 8 | 0.035 | 0.36 |
2 | 8 | 0.035 | 0.84 |
3 | 8 | 0.137 | 0.36 |
4 | 8 | 0.137 | 0.84 |
5 | 16 | 0.035 | 0.36 |
6 | 16 | 0.035 | 0.84 |
7 | 16 | 0.137 | 0.36 |
8 | 16 | 0.137 | 0.84 |
Inflow | |||||
LES | 0.012 | 0.24 | 0.031 | 0.10 | |
RSM | 0.015 | 0.26 | 0.032 | 0.13 | |
Wake flow | , | , | |||
LES | 0.068 | 0.078 | 0.071 | 0.12 | |
RSM | 0.078 | 0.075 | 0.074 | 0.10 |
Model | |||
---|---|---|---|
Jiménez | 1.38 | 1.16 | 0.94 |
Bastankhah and Porté-Agel | 0.31 | 0.23 | 0.13 |
Proposed | 0.29 | 0.20 | 0.11 |
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Qian, G.-W.; Ishihara, T. A New Analytical Wake Model for Yawed Wind Turbines. Energies 2018, 11, 665. https://doi.org/10.3390/en11030665
Qian G-W, Ishihara T. A New Analytical Wake Model for Yawed Wind Turbines. Energies. 2018; 11(3):665. https://doi.org/10.3390/en11030665
Chicago/Turabian StyleQian, Guo-Wei, and Takeshi Ishihara. 2018. "A New Analytical Wake Model for Yawed Wind Turbines" Energies 11, no. 3: 665. https://doi.org/10.3390/en11030665