Refined Feasibility Testing of an 8-Week Sport and Physical Activity Intervention in a Rural Middle School
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Conceptual Framework
2.2. Design
2.3. Intervention
2.4. Sample Size and Sample
2.5. Measures
2.5.1. Trial-Related Feasibility Indicators
2.5.2. Intervention-Related Feasibility Indicators
2.5.3. Physiological Assessment
2.5.4. Psychological Outcomes
2.6. Procedure
2.7. Data Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Trial-Related Feasibility Indicators
3.2. Intervention-Related Feasibility Indicators
3.3. Cost
3.4. Physiological and Psychological Outcomes
3.5. Physiological and Psychological Relationships
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
CVD | cardiovascular disease |
PA | physical activity |
ORBIT | Obesity-Related Behavioral Intervention Trials |
AIM | Acceptability of Intervention Measure |
IAM | Intervention Appropriateness Measure |
FIM | Feasibility of Intervention Measure |
BPNSFS | Basic Psychological Needs Satisfaction and Frustration Scale |
CAPL-2 | Canadian Assessment of Physical Literacy (version 2) |
SPPC | Self-Perception Profile for Children |
6MWT | 6 min walk test |
References
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Test Group | Control Group | |
---|---|---|
Gender (n) | ||
Female | 14 | 5 |
Male | 10 | 6 |
Age (M, SD) | ||
Female | 12.4 (0.5) | 12.9 (0.3) |
Male | 12.7 (0.4) | 12.7 (0.3) |
CAPL-2 Score (M, SD) | ||
Female | 4.18 (2.08) | 6.45 (3.69) |
Male | 6.09 (1.75) | 5.88 (2.97) |
Variable | Test Mean | Test Median | Test SD | Control Mean | Control Median | Control SD |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
FIM | 17.42 | 18 | 2.63 | 16.63 | 17 | 4.12 |
AIM | 16.85 | 17 | 3.69 | 17.72 | 19 | 2.28 |
IAM | 17.23 | 18 | 2.62 | 16.09 | 20 | 5.59 |
Variable | Test Pre-Post Mean Difference | Test p-Value | Control Pre-Post Mean Difference | Control p-Value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Plank | −1.44 | 0.891 | 15.31 | 0.395 |
6MWT | −14.71 | 0.467 | −26.55 | 0.168 |
Resting HR | −3.17 | 0.407 | 3.27 | 0.371 |
Autonomy | 2.78 | 0.023 * | 2.00 | 0.300 |
Competence | −0.58 | 0.670 | −0.73 | 0.757 |
Relatedness | 0.90 | 0.536 | 1.55 | 0.516 |
Athletic Competence | −1.14 | 0.130 | −0.82 | 0.426 |
Social Competence | 2.48 | 0.005 * | −1.00 | 0.542 |
Global Self-Worth | 1.38 | 0.028 * | −1.73 | 0.132 |
CAPL-2 | 0.816 | 0.123 | 0.27 | 0.412 |
Variables | Control Mean (SD) | Test Mean (SD) |
---|---|---|
Pre-Intervention | ||
Avg. Daily Steps | 2071.50 (2172.79) | 4213.71 (4954.87) |
Total PA (min) | 127.41 (72.58) | 181.011 (122.391) |
Post-Intervention | ||
Avg. Daily Steps | 2681.05 (2739.53) | 5898.19 (8807.48) |
Total PA (min) | 294.27 (201.52) | 324.23 (223.11) |
Variables and Time | t-Score | 95% CI | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|
Control vs. Test | |||
Pre-Intervention | |||
Avg. Daily Steps | 1.612 | [−4099.308, 3409.243] | 0.118 |
Total PA (min) | 1.637 | [−20.499, 128.327] | 0.115 |
Post-Intervention | |||
Avg. Daily Steps | 1.35 | [−1333.400, 5384.334] | 0.192 |
Total PA (min) | 0.741 | [−153.987, 212.575] | 0.741 |
Test Group | |||
Avg. Daily Steps | 2.484 | [−1017.728, 7814.223] | 0.025 |
Total PA (min) | 2.293 | [−272.607, 130.840] | 0.031 |
Control Group | |||
Avg. Daily Steps | 2.36 | [−4582.974, 3674.117] | 0.041 |
Total PA (min) | 2.702 | [−326.006, 123.049] | 0.026 |
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Watkins, J.M.; Goss, J.M.; Major, M.G.; Kwaiser, M.M.; Medellin, A.M.; Hobson, J.M.; Martinez Kercher, V.M.; Kercher, K.A. Refined Feasibility Testing of an 8-Week Sport and Physical Activity Intervention in a Rural Middle School. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2024, 21, 913. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph21070913
Watkins JM, Goss JM, Major MG, Kwaiser MM, Medellin AM, Hobson JM, Martinez Kercher VM, Kercher KA. Refined Feasibility Testing of an 8-Week Sport and Physical Activity Intervention in a Rural Middle School. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2024; 21(7):913. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph21070913
Chicago/Turabian StyleWatkins, Janette M., Janelle M. Goss, McKenna G. Major, Megan M. Kwaiser, Andrew M. Medellin, James M. Hobson, Vanessa M. Martinez Kercher, and Kyle A. Kercher. 2024. "Refined Feasibility Testing of an 8-Week Sport and Physical Activity Intervention in a Rural Middle School" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 21, no. 7: 913. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph21070913
APA StyleWatkins, J. M., Goss, J. M., Major, M. G., Kwaiser, M. M., Medellin, A. M., Hobson, J. M., Martinez Kercher, V. M., & Kercher, K. A. (2024). Refined Feasibility Testing of an 8-Week Sport and Physical Activity Intervention in a Rural Middle School. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 21(7), 913. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph21070913