Asymmetry of Muscle Mass Distribution and Grip Strength in Professional Handball Players
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
Statistical Methods
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
- Corballis, M.C. The evolution and genetics of cerebral asymmetry. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. B Biol. Sci. 2008, 364, 867–879. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Van Dongen, S. Fluctuating asymmetry and developmental instability in evolutionary biology: Past, present and future. J. Evol. Biol. 2006, 19, 1727–1743. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Raymond, M.; Pontier, D. Is there geographical variation in human handedness? Laterality Asymmetries Body Brain Cogn. 2004, 9, 35–51. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Loffing, F.; Hagemann, N. Performance differences between left- and right-sided athletes in one-on-one interactive sports. In Laterality in Sports; Loffing, F., Hagemann, N., Strauss, B., MacMahon, C., Eds.; Academic Press: Cambridge, MA, USA, 2016; pp. 249–277. [Google Scholar]
- Kanchan, T.; Kumar, T.M.; Kumar, G.P.; Yoganarasimha, K. Skeletal asymmetry. J. Forensic Leg. Med. 2008, 15, 177–179. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Gómez-Cabello, A.; Ara, I.; González-Agüero, A.; Casajús, J.A.; Vicente-Rodríguez, G. Effects of training on bone mass in older adults: A systematic review. Sports Med. 2012, 42, 301–325. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Puthucheary, Z.; Kordi, M.; Rawal, J.; Eleftheriou, K.I.; Payne, J.; Montgomery, H.E. The relationship between lower limb bone and muscle in military recruits, response to physical training and influence of smoking status. Sci. Rep. 2015, 5, 9323. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version]
- Barut, C.; Sevinc, O.; Sumbuloglu, V. Evaluation of hand asymmetry in relation to hand preference. Coll. Antropol. 2011, 35, 1119–1124. [Google Scholar] [PubMed]
- Plochocki, J.H. Directional bilateral asymmetry in human sacral morphology. Int. J. Osteoarchaeol. 2002, 12, 349–355. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Auerbach, B.M.; Ruff, C.B. Limb bone bilateral asymmetry: Variability and commonality among modern humans. J. Hum. Evol. 2006, 50, 203–218. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Sanchis-Moysi, J.; Dorado, C.; Olmedillas, H.; Serrano-Sanchez, J.A.; Calbet, J.A.L. Bone and lean mass inter-arm asymmetries in young male tennis players depend on training frequency. Graefe’s Arch. Clin. Exp. Ophthalmol. 2010, 110, 83–90. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Ducher, G.; Courteix, D.; Même, S.; Magni, C.; Viala, J.F.; Benhamou, C.L. Bone geometry in response to long-term tennis playing and its relationship with muscle volume: A quantitative magnetic resonance imaging study in tennis players. Bone 2005, 37, 457–466. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Burdukiewicz, A.; Pietraszewska, J.; Andrzejewska, J.; Chromik, K.; Stachoń, A. Asymmetry of musculature and hand grip strength in bodybuilders and martial artists. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020, 17, 4695. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Rynkiewicz, M.; Rynkiewicz, T.; Żurek, P.; Ziemann, E.; Szymanik, R. Asymmetry of muscle mass distribution in tennis players. Trends Sport Sci. 2013, 1, 47–53. [Google Scholar]
- Trivers, R.; Fink, B.; Russell, M.; Mccarty, K.; James, B.; Palestis, B.G. Lower body symmetry and running performance in elite jamaican track and field athletes. PLoS ONE 2014, 9, e113106. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Kruger, A.; de Ridder, H.; Underhay, C.; Grobbelaae, H. Die voorkoms van morfologiese asimmetrie by aliteinternasionale manlike spiesgooiers. S. Afr. J. Res. Sport Ph. 2005, 27, 47–55. (In African) [Google Scholar]
- Cech, P.; Maly, T.; Mala, L.; Zahalka, F. Body composition of elite youth pentathletes and its gender differences. Sport Sci. 2013, 6, 29–35. [Google Scholar]
- Yamada, Y.; Masuo, Y.; Nakamura, E.; Oda, S. Inter-sport variability of muscle volume distribution identified by segmental bioelectrical impedance analysis in four ball sports. Open Access J. Sports Med. 2013, 4, 97–108. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Krzykała, M. Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry in morphological asymmetry assessment among field hockey players. J. Hum. Kinet. 2010, 25, 77–84. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Krzykała, M.; Leszczyński, P. Asymmetry in body composition in female hockey players. Homo 2015, 66, 379–386. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Mala, L.; Maly, T.; Cabell, L.; Hank, M.; Bujnovsky, D.; Zahalka, F. anthropometric, body composition, and morphological lower limb asymmetries in elite soccer players: A prospective cohort study. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020, 17, 1140. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Hart, N.H.; Nimphius, S.; Weber, J.; Spiteri, T.; Rantalainen, T.; Dobbin, M.; Newton, R.U. Musculoskeletal asymmetry in football athletes: A product of limb function over time. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. 2016, 48, 1379–1387. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Hart, N.H.; Nimphius, S.; Spiteri, T.; Newton, R.U. Leg strength and lean mass symmetry influences kicking performance in australian football. J. Sports Sci. Med. 2014, 13, 157–165. [Google Scholar] [PubMed]
- Bell, D.R.; Sanfilippo, J.L.; Binkley, N.; Heiderscheit, B.C. Lean mass asymmetry influences force and power asymmetry during jumping in collegiate athletes. J. Strength Cond. Res. 2014, 28, 884–891. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Peters, M.; Reimers, S.; Manning, J.T. Hand preference for writing and associations with selected demographic and behavioral variables in 255,100 subjects: The BBC internet study. Brain Cogn. 2006, 62, 177–189. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Pietrobelli, A.; Rubiano, F.; St-Onge, M.-P.; Heymsfield, S.B. New bioimpedance analysis system: Improved phenotyping with whole-body analysis. Eur. J. Clin. Nutr. 2004, 58, 1479–1484. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Yamada, Y.; Yamashita, D.; Yamamoto, S.; Matsui, T.; Seo, K.; Azuma, Y.; Kida, Y.; Morihara, T.; Kimura, M. Whole-body and segmental muscle volume are associated with ball velocity in high school baseball pitchers. Open Access J. Sports Med. 2013, 4, 89–95. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Ishiguro, N.; Kanehisa, H.; Miyatani, M.; Masuo, Y.; Fukunaga, T. A comparison of three bioelectrical impedance analyses for predicting lean body mass in a population with a large difference in muscularity. Graefe’s Arch. Clin. Exp. Ophthalmol. 2004, 94, 25–35. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Kyle, U.G.; Bosaeus, I.; De Lorenzo, A.D.; Deurenberg, P.; Elia, M.; Gómez, J.M.; Heitmann, B.L.; Kent-Smith, L.; Melchior, J.-C.; Pirlich, M.; et al. Bioelectrical impedance analysis-part I: Review of principles and methods. Clin. Nutr. 2004, 23, 1226–1243. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Koley, S.; Singh, A.P. An association of dominant hand grip strength with some anthropometric variables in indian collegiate population. Anthr. Anz. 2009, 67, 21–28. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Oxford, K.L. Elbow positioning for maximum grip performance. J. Hand Ther. 2000, 13, 33–36. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Ward, J.H.J. Hierarchical grouping to optimize an objective function. J. Am. Stat. Assoc. 1963, 58, 236–244. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Kułaga, Z.; Litwin, M.; Tkaczyk, M.; Palczewska, I.; Zajączkowska, M.; Zwolińska, D.; Krynicki, T.; Wasilewska, A.; Moczulska, A.; Morawiec-Knysak, A.; et al. Polish 2010 growth references for school-aged children and adolescents. Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging 2010, 170, 599–609. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Santos, D.A.; Dawson, J.A.; Matias, C.N.; Rocha, P.M.; Minderico, C.S.; Allison, D.B.; Sardinha, L.B.; Silva, A.M. Reference values for body composition and anthropometric measurements in athletes. PLoS ONE 2014, 9, e97846. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Peña, J.; Moreno-Doutres, D.; Coma, J.; Cook, M.; Buscà, B. Anthropometric and fitness profile of high-level basketball, handball and volleyball players. Rev. Andal. Med. Deport. 2018, 11, 30–35. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Raymond, C.J.; Dengel, D.R.; Bosch, T.A. Total and segmental body composition examination in collegiate football players using multifrequency bioelectrical impedance analysis and dual X-ray absorptiometry. J. Strength Cond. Res. 2018, 32, 772–782. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Hermassi, S.; Chelly, M.S.; Wagner, H.; Fieseler, G.; Schulze, S.; Delank, K.-S.; Shephard, R.J.; Schwesig, R. Relationships between maximal strength of lower limb, anthropometric characteristics and fundamental explosive performance in handball players. Sportverletz. Sportschaden 2018, 33, 96–103. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Zaidi, Z.F. Body asymmetries: Incidence, etiology and clinical implications. Aust. J. Basic Appl. Sci. 2011, 5, 2157–2191. [Google Scholar]
- Van den Tillaar, R.; Ettema, G. A three-dimensional analysis of overarm throwing in experienced handball players. J. Appl. Biomech. 2007, 23, 12–19. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Wagner, H.; Pfusterschmied, J.; Von Duvillard, S.P.; Müller, E. Performance and Kinematics of various throwing techniques in team-handball. J. Sports Sci. Med. 2011, 10, 73–80. [Google Scholar] [PubMed]
- Ortega-Becerra, M.; Pareja-Blanco, F.; Jiménez-Reyes, P.; Cuadrado-Peñafiel, V.; González-Badillo, J.J. Determinant factors of physical performance and specific throwing in handball players of different ages. J. Strength Cond. Res. 2018, 32, 1778–1786. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Wagner, H.; Pfusterschmied, J.; Tilp, M.; Landlinger, J.; Von Duvillard, S.P.; Müller, E. Upper-body kinematics in team-handball throw, tennis serve, and volleyball spike. Scand. J. Med. Sci. Sports 2014, 24, 345–354. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Nikander, R.; Sievänen, H.; Uusi-Rasi, K.; Heinonen, A.; Kannus, P. Loading modalities and bone structures at non-weight-bearing upper extremity and weight-bearing lower extremity: A pQCT study of adult female athletes. Bone 2006, 39, 886–894. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Milanese, C.; Piscitelli, F.; Lampis, C.; Zancanaro, C. Anthropometry and body composition of female handball players ac-cording to competitive level or the playing position. J. Sports Sci. 2011, 29, 1301–1309. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Skejø, S.D.; Møller, M.; Bencke, J.; Sørensen, H. Shoulder kinematics and kinetics of team handball throwing: A scoping review. Hum. Mov. Sci. 2019, 64, 203–212. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- De Sèze, M.; Falgairolle, M.; Viel, S.; Assaiante, C.; Cazalets, J.-R. Sequential activation of axial muscles during different forms of rhythmic behavior in man. Exp. Brain Res. 2007, 185, 237–247. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Ben Kibler, W.; Press, J.; Sciascia, A. The role of core stability in athletic function. Sports Med. 2006, 36, 189–198. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Christman, S. Individual differences in personality as a function of degree of handedness: Consistent-handers are less sensation seeking, more authoritarian, and more sensitive to disgust. Laterality Asymmetries Body Brain Cogn. 2013, 19, 354–367. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Kuderer, S.; Kirchengast, S. The association of hand preference and sensation seeking behavior. Anthr. Anz. 2016, 73, 187–194. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Karcher, C.; Buchheit, M. Anthropometric and physical performance requirements to be selected in elite handball academies: Is being left-handed an advantage? SPSR 2017, 9, 1–2. [Google Scholar]
- Karcher, C.; Ahmaidi, S.; Buchheit, M. Body dimensions of elite handball players with respect to laterality, playing positions and playing standard. J. Athl. Enhanc. 2014, 3. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Mala, L.; Maly, T.; Camirelli, R.; Dornowski, M.; Zahalka, F.; Petr, M.; Hrasky, P.; Bujnovský, D. Gender differences in strength lateral asymmetries, limbs morphology and body composition in adolescent judo athletes. Arch. Budo 2017, 13, 377–385. [Google Scholar]
- Ziyagil, M.A.; Gürsoy, R.; Dane, Ş.; Türkmen, M.; Çebi, M. Effects of handedness on the hand grip strength asymmetry in turkish athletes. Compr. Psychol. 2015, 4, 20. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Nikolaïdis, P. Core stability of male and female football players. Biomed. Hum. Kinet. 2010, 2, 30–33. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Słodownik, R.; Ogonowska-Słodownik, A.; Morgulec-Adamowicz, N.; Targosiński, P. Fundamental movement patterns and potential risk of injuries in 1st and 2nd division Polish handball players. Trends Sport Sci. 2014, 3, 145–151. [Google Scholar]
Variable | Side | Mean | SD | Shapiro-Wilk Statistic | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Anthropometry | |||||
Body height [m] | - | 1.86 | 0.67 | 0.937 | 0.065 |
Body mass [kg] | - | 89.27 | 11.47 | 0.972 | 0.489 |
BMI | - | 25.64 | 2.49 | 0.953 | 0.133 |
% Fat | - | 17.17 | 4.18 | 0.984 | 0.872 |
Muscle mass total [kg] | - | 54.91 | 6.16 | 0.976 | 0.614 |
Muscle mass trunk [kg] | - | 28.06 | 4.16 | 0.901 | 0.055 |
Muscle mass body [kg] | R | 28.03 | 3.43 | 0.975 | 0.567 |
Muscle mass body [kg] | L | 26.88 | 3.26 | 0.985 | 0.889 |
Muscle mass arm [kg] | R | 4.13 | 1.17 | 0.953 | 0.134 |
Muscle mass arm [kg] | L | 4.18 | 1.07 | 0.969 | 0.422 |
Muscle mass leg [kg] | R | 9.47 | 2.48 | 0.937 | 0.068 |
Muscle mass leg [kg] | L | 9.07 | 2.99 | 0.964 | 0.285 |
Muscle mass trunk [kg] | R | 14.43 | 1.92 | 0.974 | 0.546 |
Muscle mass trunk [kg] | L | 13.63 | 2.77 | 0.955 | 0.143 |
Strength | |||||
Grip strength R [kg] | R | 56.49 | 9.27 | 0.939 | 0.059 |
Grip strength L [kg] | L | 54.68 | 8.91 | 0.949 | 0.119 |
Variable | D | SD | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|
Muscle mass body R—L [kg] | 1.15 | 2.60 | 0.012 |
Muscle mass arm R—L [kg] | −0.05 | 1.01 | 0.767 |
Muscle mass leg R—L [kg] | 0.40 | 2.47 | 0.339 |
Muscle mass trunk R—L [kg] | 0.80 | 2.30 | 0.044 |
Grip strength R—L [kg] | 1.81 | 7.31 | 0.003 |
Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. |
© 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Share and Cite
Lijewski, M.; Burdukiewicz, A.; Pietraszewska, J.; Andrzejewska, J.; Stachoń, A. Asymmetry of Muscle Mass Distribution and Grip Strength in Professional Handball Players. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18, 1913. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18041913
Lijewski M, Burdukiewicz A, Pietraszewska J, Andrzejewska J, Stachoń A. Asymmetry of Muscle Mass Distribution and Grip Strength in Professional Handball Players. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18(4):1913. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18041913
Chicago/Turabian StyleLijewski, Marcin, Anna Burdukiewicz, Jadwiga Pietraszewska, Justyna Andrzejewska, and Aleksandra Stachoń. 2021. "Asymmetry of Muscle Mass Distribution and Grip Strength in Professional Handball Players" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 4: 1913. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18041913