Occupational Stress and Employees Complete Mental Health: A Cross-Cultural Empirical Study
1
School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
2
Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
3
Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
4
Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, South China Normal University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510631, China
5
Department of Psychology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020, 17(10), 3629; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17103629
Received: 19 April 2020 / Revised: 13 May 2020 / Accepted: 18 May 2020 / Published: 21 May 2020
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Stress and Work)
Given the shortcomings of previous research on occupational stress and mental health (e.g., predominantly in Western, educated, industrialized, rich and democratic (WEIRD) societies, based on the traditional mental health model and a lack of comparative studies), this study aimed to (a) examine the relationship between occupational stress and complete mental health among employees in Cabo Verde and China, and also explored the mediation and moderation roles of burnout and optimism in accounting for the empirical link. Mental health was defined as comprised of two distinguishable factors: positive and negative mental health. The Pearson correlation test, structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis, bootstrap analysis, hierarchical moderated regression and an independent t-test were used to analyze the data. The results indicated that, in both countries, occupational stress showed a negative relation to positive mental health and lower psychopathology symptoms—and job burnout mediated the relation between occupational stress and mental health. Optimism moderated the relation between occupational stress and burnout, but not the relation between occupational stress and complete mental health. The results are interpreted in light of the comparative framework.
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Keywords:
occupational stress; Cabo Verde; China; employee; burnout; optimism; complete mental health
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MDPI and ACS Style
Moreno Fortes, A.; Tian, L.; Huebner, E.S. Occupational Stress and Employees Complete Mental Health: A Cross-Cultural Empirical Study. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020, 17, 3629.
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