Development and Electrochemical Investigations of an EIS- (Electrolyte-Insulator-Semiconductor) based Biosensor for Cyanide Detection
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Aachen University of Applied Sciences, Jülich Campus, Institute of Nano- and Biotechnologies, Ginsterweg 1, 52428 Jülich, Germany
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Research Centre Jülich, Institute of Bio- and Nanosystems (IBN-2), 52428 Jülich, Germany
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Philipps-University Marburg, Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Marbacher Weg 6, 35037 Marburg, Germany
4
Aachen University of Applied Sciences, Jülich Campus, Ginsterweg 1, 52428 Jülich,Germany
5
ALA Analytical Laboratory GmbH, Charlottenstraße 14, 52070 Aachen, Germany
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Sensors 2007, 7(8), 1415-1426; https://doi.org/10.3390/s7081415
Received: 16 July 2007 / Accepted: 3 August 2007 / Published: 3 August 2007
Abstract
A cyanide biosensor based on a pH-sensitive p-doped electrolyte-insulator-semiconductor (EIS) structure with an immobilised enzyme (cyanidase) is realised at thelaboratory scale. The immobilisation of the cyanidase is performed in two distinct steps:first, the covalent coupling of cyanidase to an N-hydroxysuccinimide- (NHS) activatedSepharoseTM gel and then, the physical entrapment of NHS-activated SepharoseTM with theimmobilised cyanidase in a dialysis membrane onto the EIS structure. The immobilisationof the cyanidase to the NHS-activated SepharoseTM is studied by means of gelelectrophoresis measurements and investigations using an ammonia- (NH3) selectiveelectrode. For the electrochemical characterisation of the cyanide biosensor,capacitance/voltage and constant capacitance measurements, respectively, have beencarried out. A differential measurement procedure is presented to evaluate the cyanideconcentration-dependent biosensor signals. View Full-Text
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MDPI and ACS Style
Turek, M.; Ketterer, L.; Claßen, M.; Berndt, H.K.; Elbers, G.; Krüger, P.; Keusgen, M.; Schöning, M.J. Development and Electrochemical Investigations of an EIS- (Electrolyte-Insulator-Semiconductor) based Biosensor for Cyanide Detection. Sensors 2007, 7, 1415-1426.