Application of a Fluorescent Probe for the Online Measurement of PM-Bound Reactive Oxygen Species in Chamber and Ambient Studies
by
Reece Brown 1
, Svetlana Stevanovic 1,2, Zachary Brown 1, Mingfu Cai 3,4, Shengzhen Zhou 3, Wei Song 5, Xinming Wang 5, Branka Miljevic 1,6, Jun Zhao 3, Steven Bottle 6 and Zoran Ristovski 1,6,*
Reece Brown 1, Svetlana Stevanovic 1,2, Zachary Brown 1, Mingfu Cai 3,4, Shengzhen Zhou 3, Wei Song 5, Xinming Wang 5, Branka Miljevic 1,6, Jun Zhao 3, Steven Bottle 6 and Zoran Ristovski 1,6,*
1
ILAQH (International Laboratory of Air Quality and Health), Queensland University of Technology (QUT), George St. 2, Brisbane 4000 QLD, Australia
2
School of Engineering, Deakin University, Geelong 3216 VIC, Australia
3
School of Atmospheric Sciences, and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Climate Change and Natural Disaster Studies, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
4
Institute of Tropical and Marine Meteorology/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Numerical Weather Prediction, CMA, Guangzhou 510640, China
5
State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry (GIG), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
6
School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, 4000 QLD, Australia
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Sensors 2019, 19(20), 4564; https://doi.org/10.3390/s19204564
Received: 2 September 2019 / Revised: 9 October 2019 / Accepted: 15 October 2019 / Published: 21 October 2019
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fluorescence-Based Sensors)
This manuscript details the application of a profluorescent nitroxide (PFN) for the online quantification of radical concentrations on particulate matter (PM) using an improved Particle Into Nitroxide Quencher (PINQ). A miniature flow-through fluorimeter developed specifically for use with the 9,10-bis(phenylethynyl)anthracene-nitroxide (BPEAnit) probe was integrated into the PINQ, along with automated gas phase corrections through periodic high efficiency particle arrestor (HEPA) filtering. The resulting instrument is capable of unattended sampling and was operated with a minimum time resolution of 2.5 min. Details of the fluorimeter design and examples of data processing are provided, and results from a chamber study of side-stream cigarette smoke and ambient monitoring campaign in Guangzhou, China are presented. Primary cigarette smoke was shown to have both short-lived (t1/2 = 27 min) and long-lived (t1/2 = indefinite) PM-bound reactive oxygen species (ROS) components which had previously only been observed in secondary organic aerosol (SOA).
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Keywords:
oxidative stress; reactive oxygen species; profluorescent nitroxide; particulate matter; aerosol; BPEAnit
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MDPI and ACS Style
Brown, R.; Stevanovic, S.; Brown, Z.; Cai, M.; Zhou, S.; Song, W.; Wang, X.; Miljevic, B.; Zhao, J.; Bottle, S.; Ristovski, Z. Application of a Fluorescent Probe for the Online Measurement of PM-Bound Reactive Oxygen Species in Chamber and Ambient Studies. Sensors 2019, 19, 4564.
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