A Pipeline towards the Biochemical Characterization of the Arabidopsis GT14 Family
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Arabidopsis GT Collection
2.2. Phylogenetic and Collinearity Analysis of Arabidopsis GT Families
2.3. In Silico Analysis of the Arabidopsis GT14 Family
2.4. Heterologous Expression of Arabidopsis GT14 Family Proteins in N. benthamiana
2.5. Identification of Arabidopsis GT14 Family Members as Glucuronosyltransferases (GlcATs)
2.6. Characterization of the Donor Substrate Specificity of the AtGT14 Recombinant Proteins
3. Discussion
3.1. Plant GT Families Are Highly Diverse
3.2. Evolution of GTs Correlated with Their Enzymatic Functions
3.3. The Expression System and Enzyme Assay for GT Biochemical Characterization
3.4. Members of the AtGT14 Family Display GlcAT Activity
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Materials
4.2. Amino Acid Sequence Alignment and Phylogenetic Analysis
4.3. Analysis of Genome Collinearity and Chromosomal Localizations of GT Family Genes
4.4. Publicly Available Microarray Data and Sequence Architecture Analysis for the Arabidopsis GT14 Family
4.5. Arabidopsis GT Cloning
4.6. Heterologous Expression of GT14 Family Proteins in Tobacco
4.7. Protein Analysis
4.8. Anthranilic Acid Labeling of Galacto-Oligosaccharides
4.9. Enzyme Assays
4.10. Analysis of the Enzymatic Products by Mass Spectrometry
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Xuan, L.; Zhang, J.; Lu, W.; Gluza, P.; Ebert, B.; Kotake, T.; Lu, M.; Zhang, Y.; Clausen, M.H.; Johnson, K.L.; Doblin, M.S.; Heazlewood, J.L.; Bacic, A.; Song, L.; Zeng, W. A Pipeline towards the Biochemical Characterization of the Arabidopsis GT14 Family. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22, 1360. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22031360
Xuan L, Zhang J, Lu W, Gluza P, Ebert B, Kotake T, Lu M, Zhang Y, Clausen MH, Johnson KL, Doblin MS, Heazlewood JL, Bacic A, Song L, Zeng W. A Pipeline towards the Biochemical Characterization of the Arabidopsis GT14 Family. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2021; 22(3):1360. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22031360
Chicago/Turabian StyleXuan, Lingling, Jie Zhang, Weitai Lu, Pawel Gluza, Berit Ebert, Toshihisa Kotake, Mengzhu Lu, Yuan Zhang, Mads H. Clausen, Kim L. Johnson, Monika S. Doblin, Joshua L. Heazlewood, Antony Bacic, Lili Song, and Wei Zeng. 2021. "A Pipeline towards the Biochemical Characterization of the Arabidopsis GT14 Family" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 3: 1360. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22031360