Comprehending the water absorption process inherent to coal, including the associated spatial distribution patterns of water, proves indispensable in the design and evaluation of coal pillar dams in underground water reservoirs. To better understand...
Sorption-enhanced methanation has consequent advantages compared to conventional methanation approaches; namely, the production of pure methane and enhanced kinetics thanks to the application of Le Châtelier’s principle. In this paper, we...
Accumulation-type water vapor transport (hereafter referred to as AT-WVT) and permeation-type water vapor transport (hereafter referred to as PT-WVT) represent two fundamental modes of water vapor diffusion in asphalt mixtures, exerting distinct impa...
This study investigates the effect of void features in additively manufactured polymers on water diffusion, focusing on polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PETG) composites. The additive manufacturing (AM) of polymers, specifically, material extrusion...
Additive manufacturing (AM) is an advanced manufacturing method that produces objects by sequential layering. Material extrusion AM (MEAM) with continuous-fibre reinforcement is becoming more widely used in naval structures, which are exposed to the...
Carbonated water injection (CWI) is a technology with significant sweep efficiency advantages in enhanced oil recovery (EOR), but the mechanism of the microscopic diffusion of CO2 is still unclear. In this study, the diffusion mechanism of CO2 from t...
Gas flow in soil plays a crucial role in terrestrial ecosystems, and numerical simulation of their movement needs to know their effective diffusion coefficients. How pore structure influences the effective diffusion coefficient has been studied inten...
Water diffusion in polymers is relevant to a broad range of physicochemical phenomena and technological processes. Although many fields contributed to rapid progress in the fundamental knowledge of water–polymer interactions, detailed understan...
The review of a retrospective nature shows the stages of development of the spin-echo NMR method with constant and pulsed gradient of the magnetic field (gradient NMR) for the study of water diffusion in plant roots. The history of the initial use of...
The waters of rivers are not only used for consumption, industry and agriculture but have also found their way into the transport and energy generation sectors. Many disturbances introduced into the aquatic environment are of the natural variety, whi...
The distribution and diffusion behaviors of microscopic particles at fluorobenzene–water and pentanol–water interfaces are investigated using molecular dynamics simulation. The influences of Na+/Cl− ions and the steric effects of or...
In Hungary, a fast-growing Empress tree hybrid (×Paulownia Clone in vitro 112) also known as Smaragdfa® has been developed as a low-density plantation species seeking industrial utilization. Many potential industrial applications presuppose...
The anchoring of lanthanide(III) chelates on the surface of mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) allowed their investigation as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) contrast agents. Since their efficienc...
Regional grouting treatment is an effective technical means to prevent mine water disasters, and the grouting effect is affected by many factors. In actual grouting engineering, the single constant-rate grouting method is often transformed into a var...
Despite the fact that doping nanoparticles into insulating transformer oil has proven to be an effective method of enhancing its dielectric and electrical properties, it remains unclear how different types and surface conditions of nanoparticles may...
Sulfamethoxazole (SMX), a pharmaceutical residue, which is persistent and mobile in soils, shows low biodegradability, and is frequently found in the different aquatic compartments, can be found at very low concentrations in water intended for human...
Glass Fibre Reinforced Polymer (GRFP) composites are increasingly being used as new materials for civil and petrochemical engineering infrastructures, owing to the combination of relatively high specific strength and stiffness and cost-competitivenes...
An improved current sensor aimed at measuring currents of different parts in composite insulator samples was proposed. Conventional current sensors used in water diffusion tests aim to examine the performance of composite insulators, however, it is d...
Silicone rubber is widely used as an insulating material. In this article, silicone rubber samples were prepared by varying the content of crosslinker (2,5-bis(tert-butyl-peroxy)-2,5-dimethylhexane, DBPMH), and the free volume holes in the samples we...
A series of alginate films was synthesised with several calcium chloride cross-linker contents (from 3 to 18% w/w) with and without a very low amount (0.1% w/w) of carbon nanofibers (CNFs) in order to reduce the production costs as much as possible....
This study was conducted to investigate the chloride ion transport in coral aggregate seawater concrete (CASC) with varying water–cement ratios under different loads. The ultimate compressive strength was obtained by conducting compression test...
In this study, time-resolved optical coherence tomography (OCT) scanning images of the process of water diffusion in the skin that illustrate the enhancement in the backscattered intensities due to the increased water concentration are presented. In...
Under the premise of controlling the external input of nitrogen and phosphorus, endogenous release is the main cause of eutrophication in lakes. To investigate the characteristics of endogenous nitrogen and phosphorus release from urban rivers, the Y...
Time-series water-quality forecasting plays a crucial role in sustainable environmental monitoring, early-warning surveillance, and data-driven water-resource governance. Degradation of river ecosystems poses significant risks to public health, biodi...
Water is one of the most important compounds on Earth, yet its material properties are still poorly understood. Here, we use a recently developed two-state, two-(time)scale (TS2) dynamic mean-field model combined with the two-state Sanchez–Laco...
The distribution of individual water molecules’ self-diffusivities in adsorbed layers at TiO2 surfaces anatase (101) and rutile (110) have been determined at 300 K for inner and outer adsorbed layers, via classical molecular-dynamics methods. T...
Facilitating the proper handling of water is one of the main challenges to overcome when trying to improve fuel cell performance. Specifically, enhanced removal of liquid water from the porous gas diffusion layers (GDLs) holds a lot of potential, but...
The gas diffusion layer (GDL) plays an important role in the mass transfer process during proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) operation. However, the GDL porosity distribution, which has often been ignored in the previous works, influences the...
Liquid’s behaviour, when close to critical points, is of extreme importance both for fundamental research and industrial applications. A detailed knowledge of the structural–dynamical correlations in their proximity is still today a target to reach....
This study utilizes a natural air diffusion cathode (ADC) and an ultraviolet lamp to construct a UV/H2O2 reactor for the in situ synthesis and activation of H2O2 and evaluates its potential application in practical lake water treatment. The results i...
The proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC), with a high energy conversion efficiency, has become an important means of hydrogen energy utilization. However, water condensation is unavoidable in the PEMFC because of low operating temperatures. The...
Alkaline water electrolysis is a well-known technology for sustainable hydrogen production powered by renewable energy. The use of gas diffusion electrodes (GDEs) based on nonprecious materials eliminates the need for an anolyte cycle, leading to a c...
The paper presents a model of moisture transport in wood taking into account diffusion and the accompanying adsorption of water vapour through the skeleton. A two-parameter form of the source term was proposed, depending on the distance of the curren...
Watershed-scale nitrogen pollution in aquatic systems has become a worldwide concern due to its continuous impact on water quality deterioration, while the knowledge of key influencing factors dominating nitrogen transportation and transformation at...
The initial part of this study fills a notable research gap by investigating the substantial impact of numerical diffusion errors from different schemes on sloshing tank models. Multiple numerical models were developed: first- and higher-order upwind...
In the cathode side of a polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC), a micro porous layer (MPL) added between the catalyst layer (CL) and the gas diffusion layer (GDL) plays an important role in water management. In this work, by using both quasi-static an...
Quantifying moisture transport through building envelope materials is vital for durability, energy efficiency, and healthy indoor environments. Water vapour diffusion resistivity (µ-value) is a key parameter for hygrothermal modelling, moisture...
Efficient and accurate cement hydration simulation is an important issue for predicting and analyzing concrete’s performance evolution. A large number of models have been proposed to describe cement hydration. Some models can simulate the test...
Water management of the gas diffusion layer (GDL) is crucial to the performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). Appropriate water management ensures efficient transport of reactive gases and maintains wetting of the proton exchange m...
The mitigation of water flooding in the gas diffusion layer (GDL) at relatively high current densities is indispensable for enhancing the performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). In this paper, a 2D multicomponent LBM model is dev...
Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) is a transitional stage between normal aging and Alzheimer’s disease. Differentiating early MCI (EMCI) from late MCI (LMCI) is crucial for early diagnosis and intervention. This study used free-water diffusion te...
In order to provide a common ground for the Special Issue ‘Water quality and agricultural diffuse pollution in light of the EU Water Framework Directive,’ this review sets out to provide a concise overview of the academic literature on tw...
A photoelectrochemical tandem cell (PEC) based on a cathodic hydrophobic gas-diffusion backing layer was developed to produce dry hydrogen from solar driven water splitting. The cell consisted of low cost and non-critical raw materials (CRMs). A rela...
The liquid and gas diffusion layer is a key component of proton exchange membrane water electrolyzer (PEMWE), and its interfacial contact resistance (ICR) and corrosion resistance have a great impact on the performance and durability of PEMWE. In thi...
This study aims to explore the applicability of diffuse ultrasound to the evaluation of water permeability and chloride ion penetrability of cracked concrete. Lab-scale experiments were conducted on disk-shaped concrete specimens, each having a diffe...
Shale reservoirs are rich in nanoscale pore-microfractures, and generally contain water (especially inorganic pores) under reservoir conditions. Therefore, evaluating gas flow capacity under water-bearing conditions is of great significance for analy...
We designed and realized a low cost relative humidity (RH) capacitive sensor having an interdigitated transducer coated with a cheap sensing material working at room temperature (polyimide). Thermally perturbed diffusion of water molecules into the p...
Molecular-dynamics simulations have been carried out to study diffusion of water molecules adsorbed to anatase-(101) and rutile-(110) interfaces at room temperature (300 K). The mean squared displacement (MSD) of the adsorbed water layers were determ...
The diffusion process of water molecules within a polyetherimide (PEI) glassy matrix has been analyzed by combining the experimental analysis of water sorption kinetics performed by FTIR spectroscopy with theoretical information gathered from Molecul...
26 October 2017
Circular bubble plume diffusers have been confirmed as an effective technology for the restoration of the deep water system, but have never been applied in sub-deep water system. In this study, circular bubble plume diffusers were used, for the first...
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