Search Results (90,046)

Bioarchaeology continues to generate growing volumes of data from finite and often destructively sampled resources, making data reusability critical according to FAIR principles (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable) and CARE (Collective Benefit, Authority to Control, Responsibility and Ethics). However, much valuable information remains trapped in grey literature, particularly PDF-based reports, limiting discoverability and machine processing. This paper explores Natural Language Processing (NLP) and Named Entity Recognition (NER) techniques to improve access to osteoarchaeological and palaeopathological data in grey literature. The research developed and evaluated the Osteoarchaeological and Palaeopathological Entity Search (OPES), a lightweight prototype system designed to extract relevant terms from PDF documents within the Archaeology Data Service archive. Unlike transformer-based Large Language Models, OPES employs interpretable, computationally efficient, and sustainable NLP methods. A structured user evaluation (n = 83) involving students (42), experts (26), and the general public (15) assessed five success criteria: usefulness, time-saving ability, accessibility, reliability, and likelihood of reuse. Results demonstrate that while limitations remain in reliability and expert engagement, NLP and NER show clear potential to increase FAIRness of osteoarcheological datasets. The study emphasises the continued need for robust evaluation methodologies in heritage AI applications as new technologies emerge. Full article

This paper presents experimental testing results which describe the response of modern residential loads and electric vehicle (EV) chargers to various voltage magnitude, frequency, and phase angle disturbances. The purpose of these tests is to replicate real life network conditions and assist Network Service Providers and the Australian Energy Market Operator in identifying and predicting potential power variation and system stability issues caused by load behaviour during power system transient phenomena. By examining the behaviour of typical loads connected to distribution networks, a deeper understanding of their response can be achieved, enabling the refinement of composite load models that are compatible with the Western Electricity Coordinating Council dynamic composite load model (CMPLDW) structure presently used for dynamic studies. The performance of a wide range of common appliances found in residential settings, such as refrigerators, microwave ovens, air conditioners, direct-on-line motor-based appliances, and EV chargers, has been evaluated. The results obtained from these tests offer valuable insights into the behaviour of different load types and illustrate differing performances from established model parameters, identifying the need to refine existing CMPLDW models. The results also support the reclassification of several appliances within the composite load model, motivate the introduction of a dedicated EV charger component, and empower network operators to improve the modelling of modern power network responses. Full article

School-based health centers (SBHCs) provide accessible, comprehensive healthcare to students, particularly in underserved communities, and play a critical role in addressing reproductive health needs. Despite their benefits, the availability of SBHCs remains limited across the U.S., with ongoing debates regarding their role in educational settings, especially concerning reproductive health services. This study assessed public opinion regarding reproductive health services in SBHCs within middle and high schools in Duval County, Florida. A representative sample of 605 adults was surveyed using a Random-Digit-Dialing approach, and data were weighted for analysis. Overall, support for reproductive health services was high, with 68–74% of respondents in high school and 49–57% in middle school favoring services such as STI testing and treatment, pregnancy testing, and providing condoms. Significant differences in support levels are noted across demographic groups, particularly by age and race. The findings indicate strong community support for implementing reproductive health services in SBHCs, highlighting their potential to improve access to essential health services for adolescents. This research provides valuable insights for policymakers to advocate for the expansion of SBHCs to include comprehensive reproductive health services, addressing health disparities among youth. Full article

Greece’s 2010–2018 adjustment programmes provide an insightful case of how timing of reforms, institutional frictions, and digital transformation jointly condition the outcomes of macroeconomic stabilization efforts. This review builds on programme evaluations, recent academic work, and empirical indicators to analyze the dynamics at the intersection of macroeconomic adjustment, institutional quality, and entrepreneurship, placing emphasis on productivity and the evolving role of digital governance. The paper argues that the asymmetric sequencing of fiscal consolidation, internal devaluation, institution-building, and digital modernization is consistent with deeper and more persistent output losses than initially anticipated, as complementary reforms in product markets and public administration were not yet in place. Recovery momentum was observed when administrative simplification, transparency reforms, and digital public services began to reduce transaction costs, uncertainty, and implementation frictions. In this perspective, digital governance—through initiatives such as Diavgeia, and interoperable registries—acted as an enabling complement to the effectiveness of structural reforms, supporting the shift towards a more innovation-oriented entrepreneurial ecosystem. While the evidence is associative rather than causally identified, the synthesis highlights mechanisms and transferable lessons for the design and sequencing of reform programmes in crisis and recovery contexts. Full article

Despite its rich cultural heritage, the Yellow River Basin (YRB) faces challenges of ecological fragility and unbalanced development that constrain residents’ welfare improvement. Cultural–tourism integration (CTI)—aimed at creating employment, optimizing industrial structure, and improving public services—is increasingly promoted as a pathway to enhance people’s livelihood and well-being (PLW). Grounded in industrial integration theory and welfare economics, this study examined the impact effects, transmission mechanisms, and spatial spillovers of CTI on PLW. Panel data from 75 prefecture-level cities in the YRB, spanning 2011 to 2023, were utilized, and multi-dimensional indices were constructed for both CTI and PLW. Impact effects, mediating mechanisms, and spatial spillovers were examined through kernel density estimation, a dynamic system generalized-method-of-moments (SYS-GMM) model, mediation analysis, and a spatial Durbin model (SDM). The results showed that CTI and PLW both improved over time and displayed a spatial pattern of “midstream and downstream leading, upstream lagging”. CTI significantly promoted PLW, after controlling for dynamics and endogeneity (SYS-GMM coefficient = 0.130, p < 0.01). Industrial structure upgrading acted as a positive mediator, whereas digital infrastructure exhibited a short-term suppressing (negative mediating) effect, implying a phased mismatch between CTI investment priorities and digital input. Spatial estimates further indicated that CTI generated positive spillovers, improving PLW in neighboring cities, in addition to local gains. These findings suggest that basin-wide coordination and better alignment between CTI projects and digital infrastructure are essential for inclusive and sustainable well-being improvements, supporting regional progress toward the Sustainable Development Goals. Full article

This paper addresses critical issues related to the structural design of a micro-factory housing a mobile 3D printing system for plastic recycling. Rather than a simple comparison, it quantifies the “modification penalty”, the structural and economic cost of retrofitting a repurposed ISO shipping container (ISCC) versus deploying a purpose-built cold-formed steel (CFS) volumetric structure. Finite Element Analysis of a standard 20-foot shipping container revealed a serviceability failure in its roof under standard imposed loads. Concurrently, an initial analysis of an equivalent CFS structure also indicated non-compliance, with significant floor and roof deflections. Both platforms were subsequently redesigned with structural reinforcements to achieve full compliance with Australian Standards. The comparative evaluation moves beyond static analysis to incorporate critical performance metrics. While the CFS structure proved to be 575 kg lighter with a lifespan 300–400% longer, the modified ISCC was 47% cheaper in initial capital outlay ($7161 vs. $13,549). However, when considering the totality of performance factors, specifically the ISCC’s inherent vulnerability to resonance (8–18 Hz), which overlaps with transport frequencies, and the logistical burden of losing CSC certification upon modification, the CFS platform is conclusively identified as the superior engineering solution. Its design flexibility, predictable performance, and amenability to purpose-built optimization make it a more reliable and operationally secure platform for this specialized application. Full article

Against the backdrop of accelerating servitization transformation in the global manufacturing sector, how digital platform capability effectively drives improvements in innovation performance has become a critical issue. Existing research mainly focuses on the instrumental attributes of digital technologies, while relatively few studies examine their strategic role in servitization transformation, particularly the systematic explanation of the “capability–behavior–context–performance” transmission mechanism. To address this gap, this study integrates dynamic capability theory and the opportunity window theory to construct a moderated mediation model that uncovers the internal mechanisms and boundary conditions through which digital platform capability influences servitization innovation performance. Based on survey data from 237 manufacturing firms in Guangdong Province, the empirical results indicate that: (1) digital platform capability and value co-creation both exert significant positive effects on servitization innovation performance; (2) value co-creation mediates the relationship between digital platform capability and servitization innovation performance; and (3) although organizational distance was theoretically expected to function as an important contextual variable, this study does not find evidence supporting its inverted U-shaped moderating effect, suggesting that its role in digital contexts may be more complex. This study not only extends the application of dynamic capability theory and opportunity window theory in servitization innovation settings but also provides managerial insights for manufacturing firms to optimize digital platform strategies and build more resilient and sustainable innovation systems. Full article

Background/Objectives: Smartphone-based leisure reservation platforms increasingly shape how individuals participate in leisure, yet little is known about how such technology-mediated engagement influences users’ awareness of multidimensional health benefits. The purpose of this study is to investigate how regular users of smartphone-based leisure reservation platforms perceive multidimensional health benefits associated with their leisure activities. Methods: Based on a constructivist/interpretivist approach, this study applied Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). Ten participants with at least one year of platform use completed semi-structured interviews. Data were analyzed through iterative coding and theme development, with trustworthiness ensured through member checking, peer debriefing, and triangulation. Results: Participants reported three dimensions of health awareness. (1) App-enabled accessibility as a catalyst for physical health awareness (i.e., physical health benefits) included improved vitality and increased motivation to maintain exercise routines. (2) App-based planning and anticipation in supporting mental well-being (i.e., mental health benefits) involved stress reduction, emotional recovery, enjoyment, and heightened self-care awareness. (3) Platform-mediated social encounters and the construction of social health (i.e., social health benefits) reflected expanded social networks, strengthened interpersonal relationships, and a greater sense of belonging fostered through shared leisure experiences. Conclusions: Smartphone-based leisure platforms play a meaningful role in enhancing users’ awareness of multidimensional health benefits. By improving accessibility, diversifying leisure options, and facilitating social interaction, these platforms support holistic well-being. The findings contribute to understanding technology-mediated leisure and offer practical implications for designing digital leisure services that promote physical, mental, and social health. Full article

Grid-integrated energy service (GIES) projects are characterized by strong cross-energy coupling and long investment horizons, resulting in multidimensional and nonlinear risk profiles. To address these challenges, this study develops an indicator-based risk evaluation framework by integrating an entropy–back-propagation (BP) combined weighting method with fuzzy matter-element theory. A 30-indicator system covering economic, environmental, and safety and reliability dimensions is constructed to support systematic risk assessment. The entropy–BP scheme combines data-driven objectivity with nonlinear correction, producing stable and interpretable indicator weights, as confirmed through robustness tests based on indicator removal and data perturbation. A real-world GIES project in East China is used as a case study. The results show clear risk grade differentiation among alternative scenarios and identify key risk drivers related to renewable energy integration, investment structure, and energy supply reliability. The proposed framework provides effective decision support for GIES project planning and risk management. Full article

This study investigates car sharing participation in Sweden within the broader context of sharing economy platforms. Its objective is to explore the relationship between internet use and car sharing, while accounting for residential area, gender, and age. The analysis is based on nationally representative survey data collected between 2019 and 2023 (N = 8762). Initial results indicate a weak positive association between internet use and car sharing. However, this association disappears when age is considered, suggesting that age mediates the relationship. The final analysis shows that car sharing is more common among urban residents, males, and younger consumers. The findings have implications for theory, managerial practice, and policymaking. The study also addresses methodological limitations and outlines directions for future research on the behavioral, social, and structural factors influencing participation in car sharing services. Full article

In indoor positioning systems, it is common to use existing AP deployments within buildings to build a fingerprint database, providing positioning information during the online phase. However, AP layouts inside buildings often contain a large number of redundant APs, which leads to the improvement in positioning accuracy leveling off as the number of redundant APs increases, while also increasing the computational load of indoor positioning services. To address this problem, the thesis proposes a method for calculating the AP location discrimination capability and combines the location discrimination capability with coverage to eliminate redundant APs. Experiments conducted in real indoor scenarios, as well as on the Crowdsourced dataset and the SODIndoorLoc dataset, validate the results. The results show that the redundant AP removing strategy ensures that the average positioning accuracy fluctuates by no more than 5% compared to the unfiltered case, while significantly reducing the number of APs in the fingerprint database—by 64.43%, 72.78%, and 59.62%, respectively. In the position estimation phase, this paper uses affinity propagation clustering for coarse positioning and combines Bayesian methods for fine positioning. Compared with GMM, K-Means, and the pointwise algorithm, the average positioning error of the proposed method is reduced by 11% to 39%. Full article

Major traumas result from the application of multiple force components that, in adulthood, can lead to high mortality and morbidity. In forensic practice, pathological consequences arising from the rapid flexion–extension of an adult victim’s soma are observed, with typical intracranial and ophthalmological findings. The totality of these findings allows for a contribution to the definition of the Shaken Adult Syndrome (SAS). A comprehensive review, employing the PRISMA methodology, was conducted on international works pertaining to SAS. This resulted in the identification of six scientific papers, which were analyzed separately. It emerged that, for the diagnosis of SAS, the same diagnostic triad as Shaken Baby Syndrome is valid, comprising subdural hemorrhages, retinal hemorrhages, and encephalopathy. This syndrome appears to encompass a broad spectrum of pathological conditions, ranging from whiplash to diffuse axonal injury (DAI). At the conclusion of this work, we proposed a diagnostic flowchart that allows for suspected predictive diagnosis of SAS, both in live patients presenting to emergency medical services and in post-mortem cadavers. For this purpose, the collection of anamnesis and circumstantial data, the detection of external injuries, and the execution of cranial CT scans will be essential. Ultimately, microscopic examinations of the brain with specific immunomarkers and of ocular structures will enable the identification of pathognomonic findings for SAS. Full article

Specialized poplar plantations are relevant for wood-based panel production. In recent years, the Italian poplar sector has progressively moved towards more sustainable cultivation systems. Breeding programs developed new clones with fast growth and increased disease resistance. Agroforestry (AF) has emerged as a promising alternative to the conventional plantation (C), and its ecosystem services have been widely documented. This exploratory study compares the main physico-mechanical properties of solid wood from five new poplar clones cultivated in conventional and agroforestry plantation models. The peeling yields and the performances of plywood produced with their veneers are also investigated. Wood was obtained by harvesting seven-year-old trees in two experimental plantations located in the Veneto Region. All the clones were found to have a higher basic density than that of the ‘I-214’, the reference in the sector, and were suitable for veneers production. It was possible to obtain top-quality sheets from trees of both systems, with some differences between clones. However, the overall quality of the veneers depended on the type of clone and on the cultivation system, where conventional plantations provided better results. Higher mechanical performances were found in plywood produced from clones with higher density. The results provide knowledge to optimize agroforestry cultivation of poplar, also as a complementary source of timber supply for the concerned industrial sector. Full article

To address the challenges posed by rock bolt corrosion to engineering safety and service life, this study focuses on corrosion detection through integrated image processing, deep learning, and feature extraction methods. An automatic corrosion identification model was constructed based on computer-vision object-detection algorithms. By incorporating a Feature Pyramid Network, the model’s multi-scale object-detection capability was significantly enhanced. The corrosion features were extracted via image binarization and grayscale matrix analysis. The binary image method accurately quantified pitting density, revealing an initial increase followed by a decrease over time. The corrosion morphology was simulated using a Fractional Brownian Motion model, validating the accuracy of fractal feature calculations. The fractal dimension increased significantly with prolonged corrosion time, which not only characterize surface roughness evolution and corrosion rate, but also provide a reliable quantitative indicator for metal corrosion assessment. This research offers a technical framework integrating image processing, deep learning, and fractal theory for rock bolt corrosion monitoring and maintenance. Full article

Production of dairy products is a crucial component of food security. The situation in the dairy sector affects not only the supply of the population with dairy products but also the overall sustainable development of the country. The main purpose of this publication is to determine the forecasted need for investment in innovations for Ukrainian enterprises engaged in the production of milk and cream in order to achieve sustainable development goals. The study employed the following economic research methods: the inductive method—for collecting, systematizing, and processing information; the deductive method—for theoretical interpretation of the problem; analysis and synthesis—for assessing the investment attractiveness of dairy enterprises and examining the components of sustainable development and their interrelationships. The primary data on enterprises engaged in the production of milk and cream were collected and systematized for large, medium, and small enterprises based on the information from the State Statistics Service of Ukraine. The study substantiates the impact of investments in the modernization of the dairy industry on achieving sustainable development goals. Integral indicators of the investment attractiveness of Ukrainian milk and cream producers were calculated, revealing that large enterprises are the most suitable for absorbing investments aimed at production modernization. An analysis of milk and cream production volumes by large enterprises in Ukraine for 2014–2024 was conducted, demonstrating that in 2023–2024, production began to grow after the crisis of 2021–2022. Based on historical production dynamics, a forecast for 2026–2030 was developed. It was determined that under the pessimistic scenario, production will reach 291.79 thousand tons in 2030, under the realistic scenario, 349.84 thousand tons, and under the optimistic scenario, 407.88 thousand tons. The key factors influencing the pessimistic, realistic, and optimistic projections were identified. Since the realistic scenario enables the most comprehensive consideration of influencing factors, the calculation of investment needs for the modernization of large milk and cream producers was based on this scenario. It was established that to meet EU product quality standards, comply with sustainable development goals, and accommodate the projected increase in production, the total investment required for the modernization of large enterprises engaged in the production of milk and cream in Ukraine should amount to 126 million euros by 2030. Full article