Search Results (235)

Urban floods increasingly threaten the mega-regions’ sustainable development, yet the pace and causes of change in urban flood resilience (UFR) remain elusive. This study proposes a new index system for UFR from three dimensions: resistance, recovery, and adaptability. The system includes 18 indicators across natural, economic, social, and infrastructure aspects. A comprehensive evaluation model combining entropy weighting, Criteria Importance Through Intercriteria Correlation (CRITIC), and VlseKriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje (VIKOR) methods is developed and validated for the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH) region of China, covering 2011–2022. Spatial dependence is diagnosed with global and local Moran’s I statistics, while an Extreme Gradient Boosting-Shapley Additive Explanations (XGBoost-SHAP) isolates the contribution of each driver. The results indicate that UFR in the BTH region exhibited a generally increasing but fluctuating trend. Spatially, UFR displays a pronounced gradient, with higher levels concentrated in the northwest and lower levels in the southeast. Significant spatial autocorrelation is observed, spatial autocorrelation strength ranging from 0.330 to 0.404. Key drivers contributing to UFR include urban slope, hydrological station density, per capita park green space area, and population density, all with SHAP importance values exceeding 0.02 (ranging from 0.0012 to 0.1343). These indicators collectively play a dominant role in shaping the region’s resilience dynamics, highlighting their crucial influence on sustainable urban development. Full article

Fisheries are fundamental for food security, and enhancing fishery industry chain resilience (FCR) is essential for safeguarding national supply and promoting high-quality development. With the rapid advancement of new quality productivity (NQP), its integration into the fishery industry chain provides a critical pathway to resilience enhancement and modernization. Using provincial-level data from China between 2012 and 2022, this study evaluates FCR across 29 provinces. A dual machine-learning framework is applied to assess the effects of a provincial NQP index on FCR and its underlying mechanisms. The results show that NQP has a statistically significant positive effect on overall FCR, with estimated coefficients ranging from 0.221 to 0.223 across model specifications. Dimension-specific analysis reveals pronounced heterogeneity: NQP significantly enhances resistance and recovery capacity (rr) as well as innovation and transformation capacity (it), while exerting a negative effect on adjustment and adaptive capacity (aa). Its impact on green ecological restoration capacity (ger) is positive but not statistically significant. Regional heterogeneity analysis shows that the resilience-enhancing effect of NQP is more pronounced in coastal provinces than in inland regions. Mechanism analysis suggests that improvements in labor productivity constitute a key channel through which NQP strengthens FCR. These findings highlight the importance of regionally differentiated strategies for promoting resilient and sustainable fishery development. Full article

Objectives: The main objective of this study was to assess the relationship between physical pain, depression, and resilience in a convenient group of university students. Methods: A comparative, descriptive, and exploratory study was carried out. The sample comprised 2305 university students enrolled in the degrees of physiotherapy, nursing, medicine, and physical activity and sport sciences. The ‘chronic pain assessment questionnaire’, the ‘brief resilience scale’ and the ‘depression, anxiety and stress scale’ were used. Results: The results indicated that the model had an Incremental Fit Index = 0.94, a Comparative Fit Index = 0.93, a Normalised Fit Index = 0.91, and a Root Mean Squared Error of Approximation = 0.045. The value of X²(5) = 12.35 with p < 0.05 was also reported. These data support the validity of the theoretical model developed. The results indicate that physical pain has a negative effect on depression (β = 0.55, p < 0.001). Furthermore, statistically significant negative associations were found between pain and resilience (β = −0.40, p < 0.002). Finally, a negative relationship between resilience and depression was also observed (β = −0.35, p < 0.0039). Conclusions: New strategies and therapies need to be developed to improve the quality of life of patients with chronic pain. Full article

In the context of a high proportion of renewable energy integration, active splitting section search—one of the “three defense lines” of a power system—is crucial for the security, stability, and long-term sustainability of islanded grids. Addressing the random fluctuations of high-penetration wind power and the weakened voltage support capability caused by multi-infeed HVDC, this paper proposes a slow-coherency-based active splitting section optimization model that explicitly accounts for wind power uncertainty and multi-infeed DC stability constraints. First, a GMM-K-means method is applied to historical wind data to model, sample, and cluster scenarios, efficiently generating and reducing a representative set of typical wind outputs; this accurately captures wind uncertainty while lowering computational burden. Subsequently, an improved particle swarm optimizer enhanced by genetic operators is used to optimize a multi-dimensional coherency fitness function that incorporates a refined equivalent power index, frequency constraints, and connectivity requirements. Simulations on a modified New England 39-bus system demonstrate that the proposed model markedly enlarges the post-split voltage stability margin and effectively reduces power-flow shocks and power imbalance compared with existing methods. This research contributes to enhancing the sustainability and operational resilience of power systems under energy transition. Full article

Mountain forests play a key role in buffering local climate, yet their climate sensitivity is seldom mapped in a way that is directly usable for spatial planning. This study investigates how phenological thermal and vegetation variability are organized within the forested landscape of Namyangju, a mountainous region in central Korea, and derives spatial indicators of forest climate sensitivity. Using monthly, cloud-screened Landsat-8/9 land surface temperature (LST) and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) images over a recent multi-year period, we calculated phenological coefficients of variation for 34,123 forest grid cells and applied local clustering analysis to identify belts of high and low variability. Forest areas where LST and NDVI variability simultaneously occupied the upper tail of their distributions (top 5%/10%/20%) were interpreted as climate-sensitivity hotspots, whereas co-located coldspots were treated as microclimatic refugia. Across the mountainous terrain, sensitivity hotspots formed continuous belts along high-elevation ridges and steep, dissected slopes, while coldspots were concentrated in sheltered valley floors. Notably, the most sensitive belts were dominated by high-elevation conifer stands, despite the limited seasonal fluctuation typically expected in evergreen canopies. This pattern suggests that elevation strongly amplifies the coupling between thermal responsiveness and vegetation health, whereas valley-bottom forests act as stabilizers that maintain comparatively constant microclimatic and phenological conditions. We refer to these patterns as “forest climate-sensitivity belts,” which translate satellite observations into spatially explicit information on where climate-buffering functions are most vulnerable or resilient. Incorporating climate-sensitivity belts into forest plans and adaptation strategies can guide elevation-aware species selection in new afforestation, targeted restoration and fuel-load management in upland sensitivity zones, and the protection of valley refugia that support biodiversity, thermal buffering, and hydrological regulation. Because the framework relies on standard satellite products and transparent calculations, it can be updated as new imagery becomes available and transferred to other seasonal, mountainous regions, providing a practical basis for climate-resilient forest planning. Full article

Green infrastructure and nature-based solutions (NBSs) are, especially in urban areas, one of the key elements in building a friendly living environment that contributes to healthy longevity. This paper presents a novel method for assessing the accessibility of recreational urban green space (RUGS) at the level of individual residential buildings. We designed and piloted a new total accessible recreational urban green space area (TARUGS) index, based on real pedestrian network distances, considering spatial accessibility weighted by the total area of green space available within an approximate 15-min walk. Calculations were carried out individually for each residential building and each individual RUGS, using GIS technologies, including network analysis. The developed methodology allows for the detection of local inequalities in access to all city RUGSs. It enables the inclusion of additional socioeconomic variables in an in-depth spatial equity analysis. The RUGS accessibility ranking of buildings provides a practical tool to support urban intervention planning, as well as the design of solutions that respond to the real needs of residents and environmental challenges. Availability analyses were performed for 108,618 buildings and 146 RUGS. Areas with the highest and clearly insufficient access to RUGS in Warsaw were identified. Over 40,400 buildings were classified as having no access to RUGS (class 0), which accounts for 37% of all residential buildings, while 21,700 buildings were classified as having the best access (class 4), which accounts for 20% of all residential buildings. The districts of Wilanów and Włochy have the worst accessibility, while Wawer and Mokotów have the best. The proposed building-level methodology quantitatively reveals spatial inequalities in access to RUGS, enabling data-driven, equitable planning decisions while highlighting the need to integrate broader accessibility modes, subjective user experiences, and data improvements for a comprehensive assessment of spatial justice. The framework demonstrates how advanced geospatial data analysis, integrating GIS technologies, open data, and network-based innovative solutions, could enhance urban policy-making, improve the design of equitable public spaces, and support resilient land management strategies. Full article

Natural disasters, particularly floods and landslides, can cause severe losses; however, their impacts can be significantly mitigated through proactive planning. In August 2021, a devastating flood in northern Türkiye resulted in major damage, including the displacement of logs from the Ayancık Forest Management Directorate’s depot, which exacerbated the disaster’s effects. This study aims to identify the most suitable location for a new forest depot in Ayancık, considering disaster risk, logistical needs, and environmental factors. A hybrid geospatial approach was employed by integrating Logistic Regression (LR)-based landslide susceptibility modeling and the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). Key conditioning factors such as altitude, slope, aspect, lithology, land cover, plan and profile curvature, topographic wetness index (TWI), distance to drainage networks, roads, and faults were used to produce the LSM. The AHP weights of the factors used in selecting a suitable depot location were determined based on expert opinions. The integration of physical, logistical, and risk-based parameters allowed for a spatial prioritization of suitable areas. Results indicate that approximately 10.69% of the study area is classified as class 1 (very high suitability), 16.59% as class 2 (high), 20.71% as class 3 (moderate), 23.34% as class 4 (low), and 28.67% as class 5 (very low), corresponding to 27.28% of the area in classes 1–2 and 52.01% in classes 4–5. These results indicate that the study area is predominantly characterized by medium-low suitability conditions. Notably, these areas show significantly lower flood and landslide susceptibility compared to the current depot sites. By aligning forest infrastructure planning with disaster resilience principles, this study offers a replicable model for sustainable forest depot site selection. The findings provide valuable guidance for forest managers and policymakers to enhance the safety, functionality, and long-term viability of forestry operations in hazard-prone regions. Full article

Our world is rapidly urbanizing, while 2.5 billion people are projected to shift from rural to urban areas by 2050, with close to 90% occurring in Asia and Africa. In Southeast Asia, particularly, the Phnom Penh capital city of Cambodia is experiencing this rapid urbanization, facing significant challenges in improving the quality of urban life and achieving social sustainability. Hence, this research aims to assess this capital on social sustainability dimensions to find out the strong and weak points of its 14 districts in order to reveal the improvement potential. The research developed and applied an urban social sustainability index based on national development priorities, SDG11, the New Urban Agenda, and other SDGs that related to human wellbeing and social inclusiveness. The AHP was used to prioritize indicators to develop a priority index, while the standard score was used to apply the index to assess the 14 districts of Phnom Penh. The data for this index application were sourced from Phnom Penh’s commune database. The results showed that the highest-scoring district for urban social sustainability was Chamkarmon, followed by Boeng Keng Kang and Doun Penh. The findings revealed that Prek Pnov was weak in income generation and welfare, while Kamboul was weak in gender inclusion compared to other districts. Prampir Makara was strong, and Sen Sok was weak in resilience to vulnerability. Boeng Keng Kang was strong in welfare and sanitation, while Kamboul was weak in sanitation. Doun Penh was strong, and Mean Chey was weak in water supply. Full article

Green buildings increasingly couple electrical, thermal, and hydrogen subsystems, yet these assets are typically monitored and controlled through separate standards and protocols. The resulting heterogeneous information models and communication stacks hinder millisecond-level coordination, plug-and-play integration, and resilient operation. To address this gap, we develop a unified information model and a cross-protocol real-time interaction mechanism based on extensions of IEC 61850. At the modeling level, we introduce new logical nodes and standardized data objects that describe electrical, thermal, and hydrogen devices in a single semantic space, supported by a global unit system and knowledge-graph-based semantic checking. At the communication level, we introduce a semantic gateway with adaptive mapping bridges IEC 61850 and legacy building protocols, while fast event messaging and 5G-enabled edge computing support deterministic low-latency control. The approach is validated on a digital-twin platform that couples an RTDS-based multi-energy system with a 5G test network. Experiments show device plug-and-play within 0.8 s, cross-protocol response-time differences below 50 ms, GOOSE latency under 5 ms, and critical-data success rates above 90% at a bit-error rate of 10⁻³. Under grid-fault scenarios, the proposed framework reduces voltage recovery time by about 60% and frequency deviation by about 70%, leading to more than 80% improvement in a composite resilience index compared with a conventional non-unified architecture. These results indicate that the framework provides a practical basis for interoperable, low-carbon, and resilient energy management in green buildings. Full article

Comprehending the spatial–temporal transformation of urban resilience (UR) is fundamental for promoting sustainable urban growth in the Chinese context. In this study, a multi-dimensional index framework is developed to cover economic, social, ecological, and infrastructural aspects of resilience, assessing urban resilience across 282 prefecture-level cities between 2005 and 2022. By integrating the Time-Varying Entropy Method (TEM) with the Two-Stage Nested Theil Index (TNTI), we quantify the intensity and origins of spatial disparities in UR. Furthermore, spatial econometric models are employed to examine β convergence across regional and temporal dimensions. Additionally, the research adopts an Optimal Parameter-based Geographical Detector (OPGD) approach to explore and quantify the major determinants affecting urban resilience. The results reveal that (1) UR has significantly improved nationwide, with higher levels concentrated in eastern and southern China; (2) intra-provincial disparities are the dominant source of spatial differences, and continue to expand; (3) UR shows robust β-convergence nationally and regionally, although σ-convergence is limited to specific periods; (4) savings deposits per capita, ratio of employees, per capita fiscal expenditure and market size are identified as the core factors driving UR. The findings offer new insights into urban spatial governance under multi-dimensional constraints and challenges and serve as empirical guidance for narrowing resilience gaps and promoting balanced regional development. Full article

This study presents a computational framework combining Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) and Persistent Homology to quantify the long-term morphological evolution of the Sendai coastline following the 2011 Tōhoku tsunami. Using multispectral satellite imagery from Landsat 5 TM, Landsat 8 OLI, and Sentinel-2 MSI (2010–2024), instantaneous shorelines were extracted via the Modified Normalized Difference Water Index (MNDWI) and reconstructed with parametric B-spline curves. DTW analysis indicated severe initial deformation, with a 90,927 m difference between pre- and post-tsunami instantaneous shorelines, followed by gradual stabilization as distances declined to 59,584 m by 2024. Persistent Homology revealed a more complex topological trajectory, with the number of 1-dimensional features (H1) rising sharply after the tsunami, consolidating by 2015, and expanding again to over 8000 by 2020–2024. The Stable Distance of Persistent Homology (SDPH) identified 2015–2020 as the key phase of transformation (38,088 m), marking a shift toward higher morphological complexity. A weak negative correlation (r = −0.362) between DTW and SDPH confirmed their complementarity in describing geometric and topological change. Overall, the results suggest that post-tsunami recovery followed a non-linear path toward a new dynamic equilibrium characterized by increased structural complexity and resilience. Full article

Background: Cognitive Reserve (CR) is a theoretical construct developed to explain individual differences in resilience to age-related cognitive decline. Empirical evidence supports its positive role across multiple cognitive domains. However, behavioral research has primarily focused on areas either vulnerable to aging, such as memory, or relatively preserved, such as language. In contrast, the relationship between CR and task-specific performance in domains like visuospatial processing—a domain critical for everyday functioning—remains underexplored. This study investigates whether CR, as measured by the Cognitive Reserve Index Questionnaire (CRIq), predicts performance in mental rotation tasks in healthy older adults. Methods: Participants (age 55–85) completed two tasks: (1) a hand laterality task, requiring judgments about whether a rotated hand image (palm or back view) was left or right; and (2) a letter-congruency task, in which participants determined whether simultaneously presented rotated letters were identical or mirror-reversed. Results: Generalized and linear mixed-effects models revealed a protective effect of cognitive reserve, with higher CRIq scores significantly predicting greater accuracy in both tasks. Efficiency benefits (i.e., shorter reaction times) were evident mainly in the easiest conditions, suggesting that CR supports processing resources more effectively under moderate rather than maximal task demands. This pattern indicates that cognitive reserve does not uniformly enhance performance but instead modulates the allocation of cognitive resources in a context-dependent manner. Conclusions: To our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate a modulatory role of CR on visuospatial abilities in healthy older adults. These findings open new avenues for investigating how CR may differentially affect performance across a broader spectrum of cognitive functions, including attention, executive control, and spatial processing. A better understanding of these mechanisms could inform targeted cognitive interventions to strengthen resilience and promote successful aging. Full article

Purpose: Remote work continues to transform both organizational structures and individual work experiences, introducing new dynamics that can simultaneously enhance or undermine employees’ mental health and overall well-being. These evolving conditions influence levels of stress, resilience and burnout within increasingly digital and flexible work environments. The present study aimed to provide a comprehensive understanding of how remote work affects occupational stress, mental health, burnout and employee well-being through a bibliometric analysis of Scopus-indexed literature complemented by a narrative synthesis of emerging research themes. Methods: A total of 185 peer-reviewed documents were retrieved from the Scopus database and analyzed using the VOSviewer software, version 1.6.20 (0) (Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands). The study employed performance analysis techniques to assess annual publication trends, identify the most influential authors and sources and evaluate citation impact. Furthermore, science mapping methods, including co-authorship, bibliographic coupling, co-citation, and co-occurrence analyses, were used to visualize the intellectual structure and thematic evolution of the field. Results: The co-occurrence analysis identified three major thematic clusters. We first explored how the abrupt shift to teleworking redefined employee well-being, the second examined the psychological consequences of evolving work environments on mental health and occupational stress and the third investigated the prevalence, determinants and contextual factors of occupational burnout across professional domains. Conclusions: The findings demonstrated complex interrelations among remote work, occupational stress, mental health, and burnout, highlighting that the accelerated adoption of remote work—especially during and after the COVID-19 pandemic—has substantially reshaped employees’ psychological health and work experiences. Thus, remote work emerges as a double-edged phenomenon that can either foster resilience and well-being or heighten stress and burnout, depending on the availability of supportive organizational structures, psychosocial resources, and adaptive coping mechanisms. Full article

This study asks how diversified and how competitive banana exports from Ecuador, Colombia, Peru and Bolivia were during 2020 to 2024, and what risks arise from their market mix. The original contribution is a two-metric approach that jointly applies the Herfindahl Hirschman Index by destination to measure geographic concentration and the normalized Revealed Comparative Advantage to measure relative competitiveness. Using both indicators together creates a clear and reproducible benchmark for policy and firm decisions. A quantitative and descriptive design was applied to official trade data for HS 0803. Results show that Ecuador combined strong comparative advantage with low concentration, which supports regional leadership. Colombia expanded exports while its concentration rose, a sign of greater exposure despite solid performance in Europe. Peru lost shares and became more dependent on a few outlets, yet kept advantages in organic and niche segments. Bolivia displayed extreme concentration centered on Argentina. Practically, the findings support market diversification, staged entry into new destinations, stronger commercial partnerships, and the integration of sustainability and risk management. Theoretically, the study clarifies that diversification and competitiveness are distinct constructs and that assessing both together with transparent indices improves the diagnosis of resilience. Full article

Floods increasingly threaten semiarid regions, yet their long-term soil ecological impacts remain underdocumented. This study quantifies the hydrologic change and flood-induced soil transformation on the Zhabay River floodplain (Akmola, Kazakhstan) using integrated field, laboratory, and remote sensing data. Gauge records (2012–2024) were analyzed; inundation was mapped from a 0.30 m DEM (Digital Elevation Model) merging SRTM (Shuttle Radar Topography Mission), Landsat 8/Sentinel 2, and UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) photogrammetry (NDWI (Normalized Difference Water Index) > 0.28) and validated with 54 in situ depths (MAE (Mean Absolute Error) 0.17 m). Soil samples collected before and after floods were analyzed for texture, bulk density, pH, Eh, macronutrients, and heavy metals. Annual maxima increased by 0.08 m yr⁻¹, while extreme floods became more frequent. Thresholds of ≥0.5 m depth and >7 days duration marked compaction onset, whereas >1 m and ≥12 days produced maximum organic carbon loss and Zn/Ni enrichment. The combination of high-resolution DEMs, ROC (Receiver Operating Characteristic) analysis, and soil microbial monitoring provides new operational indicators of soil degradation for Central Asian steppe floodplains. Findings contribute to SDG 13 (Climate Action) and SDG 15 (Life on Land) by linking flood resilience assessment with sustainable land-use planning. Full article