82 Results Found

The noninvasive estimation of interstitial fluid pressure (IFP) using ultrasound contrast agent (UCA) microbubbles as pressure sensors will provide tumor treatments and efficacy assessments with a promising tool. This study aimed to verify the effica...

The present study aims to monitor longitudinal changes in simulated tumor interstitial fluid pressure (IFP) and velocity (IFV) values using dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE)-MRI-based computational fluid modeling (CFM) in pancreatic ductal adenocarcino...

We developed and tested the feasibility of computational fluid modeling (CFM) based on dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) for quantitative estimation of interstitial fluid pressure (IFP) and velocity (IFV) in patients with...

Recent advances in biomaterials offer new possibilities for brain tissue reconstruction. Biocompatibility, provision of cell adhesion motives and mechanical properties are among the present main design criteria. We here propose a radically new and po...

Congestive heart failure (CHF) is a fatal disease with progressive severity and no cure; the heart’s inability to adequately pump blood leads to fluid accumulation and frequent hospital readmissions after initial treatments. Therefore, it is im...

Basic physiology and molecular mechanisms accounting for the maldistribution of fluid that is characteristic of the “third fluid space” (Vt2) have been known for several decades but have been poorly integrated into the clinical literature...

Malignant tumors have abnormal biomechanical characteristics, including high viscoelasticity, solid stress, and interstitial fluid pressure. Magnetic resonance (MR) elastography is increasingly used to non-invasively assess tissue viscoelasticity. Ho...

Mechanotransduction is the interpretation of physical cues by cells through mechanosensation mechanisms that elegantly translate mechanical stimuli into biochemical signaling pathways. While mechanical stress and their resulting cellular responses oc...

COVID-19 and long COVID-19 vulnerabilities may be caused indirectly by albumin binding deficiency (ABD), which can be corrected by the correct administration of human serum albumin (HSA). The liver is the primary site of nutrient regulation and fluid...

The tumor microenvironment (TME) in ovarian cancer (OC) has much greater complexity than previously understood. In response to aggressive pro-angiogenic stimulus, blood vessels form rapidly and are dysfunctional, resulting in poor perfusion, tissue h...

There is an increasing focus on the tumor microenvironment in carcinogenesis. Integrins are important receptors and adhesion molecules in this environment and have been shown to be involved in cell adhesion, proliferation, differentiation and migrati...

This work discusses in vivo experiments that were performed to evaluate whether local or whole-body heating to 40 °C reduced interstitial fluid pressures (IFPs) and enhanced nanoparticle delivery to subcutaneous PC3 human prostate cancer xenograft tu...

Immune evasion—a well-established cancer hallmark—is a major barrier to immunotherapy efficacy. While the molecular mechanisms and biological consequences underpinning immune evasion are largely known, the role of tissue mechanical stress...

Over the years, several authors have discussed the possibility of considering somatic dysfunction (SD) as a “nosological element” detectable on palpation. There are many aspects to consider regarding the etiology and diagnosis of SD, and...

The Enhanced Permeability and Retention (EPR) effect is a key mechanism for passive tumor targeting, which involves the selective accumulation of therapeutic nanoparticles in tumors due to their unique vascular characteristics. While previous reviews...

Neoplastic epithelial cells coexist in carcinomas with various non-neoplastic stromal cells, together creating the tumor microenvironment. There is a growing interest in the cross-talk between tumor cells and stromal fibroblasts referred to as carcin...

The unique properties of brain capillary endothelium, critical in maintaining the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and restricting water permeability across the BBB, have important consequences on fluid hydrodynamics inside the BBB hereto inadequately recog...

Convective transport of drug solutes in biological tissues is regulated by the interstitial fluid pressure, which plays a crucial role in drug absorption into the lymphatic system through the subcutaneous (SC) injection. In this paper, an approximate...

Over the course of hemodialysis, fluid and protein are restituted from the tissue compartment to the circulation compartment through the endothelia. Our previous model analysis on fluid and protein transport during hemodialysis is expanded to account...

The application of microneedles (MNs) for minimally invasive biological fluid sampling is rapidly emerging, offering a user-friendly approach with decreased insertion pain and less harm to the tissues compared to conventional needles. Here, a finger-...

It is well-known that the effect of interstitial fluid on the fracture pattern and strength of saturated high-strength concrete is determined by qualitatively different mechanisms at quasi-static and high strain rate loading. This paper shows that th...

Chronic interstitial inflammation and renal infiltration of activated immune cells play an integral role in hypertension. Lymphatics regulate inflammation through clearance of immune cells and excess interstitial fluid. Previously, we demonstrated in...

Brain aquaporins facilitate the movement of water between the four water compartments: blood, cerebrospinal fluid, interstitial fluid, and intracellular fluid. This work analyzes the expression of the four most abundant aquaporins (AQPs) (AQP1, AQP4,...

Chronic overloading of the cartilage can lead to its irreversible destruction, as observed in people with osteoarthritis. The floating skeleton model previously introduced postulates that overloading begins and progresses when a joint is isolated fro...

Lymphatic vessels exploit the mechanical stresses of their surroundings together with intrinsic rhythmic contractions to drain lymph from interstitial spaces and serosal cavities to eventually empty into the blood venous stream. This task is more dif...

This study numerically analyzes the fluid flow and solute transport in a solid tumor to comprehensively examine the consequence of normalization induced by anti-angiogenic therapy on drug delivery. The current study leads to a more accurate model in...

Glioblastoma (GBM) remains one of the most treatment-resistant human malignancies, largely due to the interplay between disrupted fluid dynamics, immune evasion, and the structural complexity of the tumor microenvironment; in addition to these, treat...

The lymphatic system collects excess fluid and molecules from the interstitial space back into the venous system mainly via the thoracic duct (TD). Despite the importance of the lymphatic flow in health and disease, a validated pressure–flow re...

Lymphatic vessels drain and propel lymph by exploiting external forces that surrounding tissues exert upon vessel walls (extrinsic mechanism) and by using active, rhythmic contractions of lymphatic muscle cells embedded in the vessel wall of collecti...

Background/Objectives: Dermal interstitial fluid (dISF) is probably the most interesting biofluid for biomarker analysis as an alternative to blood, enabling higher patient comfort and closer or even continuous biomarker monitoring. The prerequisite...

While oral agents have been the gold standard for cardiovascular disease therapy, the new generation of treatments is switching to other administration options that offer reduced dosing frequency and more efficacy. The lymphatic network is a unidirec...

This paper presents a finger-actuated micropump with a consistent flow rate and no backflow. The fluid dynamics in interstitial fluid (ISF) extraction microfluidics are studied through analytical, simulation, and experimental methods. Head losses, pr...

The support pressure on an excavation surface is a critical factor in the ground deformation and excavation stability of a submarine shield tunnel. The shield tail gap and the disturbance zone of grouting behind the tunnel wall are also important inf...

This study is a preliminary investigation describing the pharmacokinetic profile of a novel subcutaneous sustained-release meloxicam formulation (SRMF) in sheep. Six merino ewe hoggets (41.5 ± 4.6 kg) were treated with a novel subcutaneous SRMF at 2...

Background/Objectives: Idiopathic edema (IE) in women is characterized by swelling of hands and face followed by increasing abdominal and truncal girth, bloating, edema, >1.4 kg weight gain when in upright posture, and nocturia that eliminates the...

Background and objective: A high number of blood cells increases the viscosity of the blood. The present study explored whether variations in blood cell counts are relevant to the distribution and elimination of infused crystalloid fluid. Materials a...

Background/objectives: Cerebrospinal infusion studies indicate that cerebrospinal fluid outflow resistance (Rout) is elevated in normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH). These studies assume that the cerebrospinal formation rate (CSFfr) does not vary dur...

The high incidence of vascular ulcers and the difficulties encountered in their healing process require the understanding of their multiple etiologies to develop effective strategies focused on providing different treatment options. This work provide...

Open-ended coaxial probes are widely used to gather dielectric properties of biological tissues. Due to the lack of an agreed data acquisition protocol, several environmental conditions can cause inaccuracies when comparing dielectric data. In this w...

Lymphatic vessels exert major effects on the maintenance of interstitial fluid homeostasis, immune cell trafficking, lipid absorption, tumor progression and metastasis. Recently, novel functional roles for the lymphatic vasculature have emerged, whic...

The periodontal ligament (PDL) is crucial for maintaining the integrity and functionality of tooth-supporting structures. Mechanical forces applied to the tooth during orthodontic tooth movement generate pore pressure gradients, leading to interstiti...

Calcium carbonate hexahydrate (ikaite) is a rare mineral that forms as metastable species in the organic-carbon-rich sediments of the King George Basin, Bransfield Strait, Antarctica, as a consequence of early diagenetic decomposition of organic matt...

This paper refers to complex granular-fluid mixtures involved into geophysical flows, such as debris and hyper-concentrated flows. For such phenomena, the interstitial fluids play a role when they are in the viscous regime. Referring to experiments o...

Brain spaces around (perivascular spaces) and alongside (paravascular or Virchow–Robin spaces) vessels have gained significant attention in recent years due to the advancements of in vivo imaging tools and to their crucial role in maintaining b...

Over the past few decades, the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect of nanomedicine has been a crucial phenomenon in targeted cancer therapy. Specifically, understanding the EPR effect has been a significant aspect of delivering anticance...

Theranostic nanoparticles recently received great interest for uniting unique functions to amplify therapeutic efficacy and reduce side effects. Despite the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect, which amplifies the accumulation of nanopar...

Granular systems, no matter whether they are dry or saturated, are commonly encountered in both natural scenarios and engineering applications. In this work, we tackle the compaction problem of both dry and saturated granular systems under gyratory s...

In this study, we observe that the poromechanical parameters in human meniscus vary spatially throughout the tissue. The response is anisotropic and the porosity is functionally graded. To draw these conclusions, we measured the anisotropic permeabil...

Aquaporin 1 (AQP1), expressed in epithelial cells of the choroid plexus, and aquaporin 4 (AQP4) present in ependymal cells and glia limitants have been proposed to play a significant role in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) production and homeostasis. Howev...

Brain metastases are highly-evolved manifestations of breast cancer arising in a unique microenvironment, giving them exceptional adaptability in the face of new extrinsic pressures. The incidence is rising in line with population ageing, and use of...