Search Results (96)

Background/Objectives: Hip fractures are highly prevalent worldwide, primarily affecting frail elderly patients. Frailty increases the risk of complications like postoperative delirium, which negatively impacts outcomes, including morbidity and mortality. Current recommendations favor a multidisciplinary approach and effective pain control, often using preoperative peripheral nerve blocks. We aimed to evaluate a multimodal approach’s efficacy in reducing postoperative delirium and complications in geriatric hip fracture patients. Methods: This study was conducted between March 2020 and June 2022. A total of 144 patients evaluated prior to the implementation of an optimized clinical pathway protocol (OCPP) were compared to 117 patients evaluated following its implementation. The protocol included early preoperative evaluation, streamlined medication adjustments, prompt surgical intervention and fascia iliaca compartment block (FICB) for analgesia. In addition, early patient mobilization and resumption of oral intake were promoted. The primary outcome was the incidence of delirium during hospitalization. Secondary outcomes were a composite of 30-day mortality or major complications, duration of stay, hospital readmission after discharge and 1-year mortality. Results: The OCPP intervention significantly reduced the incidence of postoperative delirium from 44% to 29% (a 33% relative reduction; p = 0.017), the rate of major complications or death was 14.5% in OCPP group and 25.7% in the control group (p = 0.02). Significantly more patients in the OCPP group were mobilized within 24 h (74.4% vs. 41.3% in the control group, p < 0.001). The median time to ambulation was also shorter in the OCPP group: 65 h (IQR: 39–115) compared to 72 h (IQR: 48–119.75) in the control group (p = 0.028). No differences were observed on hospital stay and 1-year mortality. Conclusions: Among patients undergoing hip fracture repair the implementation of a OCPP significantly reduced the incidence of postoperative delirium and the rate of major complications or death. This improvement was associated with significantly earlier patient mobilization and ambulation. The OCPP was not associated with a lower hospital stay and lower rate of one-year mortality. Full article

Postoperative ileus is a prolonged impairment of gastrointestinal motility following surgical procedures. This often leads to increased morbidity, extended hospital stays, and high healthcare expenditures. In this review, we discuss the pathophysiology underlying postoperative ileus, its epidemiology, and perioperative management strategies. Patient characteristics, as well as expected perioperative course, could be used to stratify the risks of postoperative ileus. Preventive measures hinge upon a multimodal approach, minimally invasive surgical techniques, fluid management, early postoperative ambulation, and opioid-sparing analgesia strategies. Adjuvant interventions such as alvimopan, caffeine, and chewing gum have demonstrated efficacy in modulating the neurogenic and inflammatory components of postoperative ileus. Minimally invasive approaches, comprehensive perioperative management, and adjuvant therapies hold promise for prevention. Current management relies heavily on supportive care, underscoring the need for research into the underlying neurogenic and inflammatory mechanisms to guide the development of targeted treatments. Full article

Background/Objectives: Cerebral palsy (CP) is the most common cause of neurological disability in children and is frequently associated with low bone mineral density (BMD) and increased risk of fractures. This study aimed to assess BMD in children with CP, compare it with normative standards, and explore potential associations with anthropometric parameters and the clinical characteristics of children with CP. Methods: Thirty-six children with CP aging 6–15 years from both sexes with varying levels of Gross Motor Functional Classification System (GMFCS) and spasticity were evaluated. Areal BMD and Z-scores (total and subtotal) were measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Regression analysis identified predictors of BMD. Results: Children with GMFCS levels III–V had significantly lower total and subtotal Z-scores compared to those with levels I–II (p = 0.001 and p = 0.02, respectively). Total Z-score was significantly predicted by weight (β = 1.02, p = 0.002), height (β = −0.72, p = 0.02), and sedentary time (β = −0.47, p = 0.005). “No walking” was the only significant predictor for subtotal Z-score (β = −0.50, p = 0.004). Conclusions: Children with moderate to severe CP exhibited significantly lower BMD, particularly those with limited ambulation and higher spasticity levels. These findings underscore the importance of early screening and targeted interventions to optimize bone health in this population. Full article

Background: Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a severe X-linked neuromuscular disorder caused by mutations in the DMD gene, leading to progressive muscle degeneration, loss of ambulation, and multi-systemic complications. Beyond its impact on mobility, DMD is associated with significant endocrine and metabolic dysfunctions that develop over time. Objective: To provide a comprehensive analysis of growth disturbances, endocrine dysfunctions, and metabolic complications in DMD including bone metabolism, considering the underlying mechanisms, clinical implications, and management strategies for daily clinical guidance. Methods: In this narrative review, an evaluation of the literature was conducted by searching the Medline database via the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science interfaces. Results: Growth retardation is a hallmark feature of DMD, with patients exhibiting significantly shorter stature compared to their healthy peers. This is exacerbated by long-term glucocorticoid therapy, which disrupts the growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor-1 (GH/IGF-1) axis and delays puberty. Obesity prevalence follows a biphasic trend, with increased risk in early disease stages due to reduced mobility and corticosteroid use, followed by a decline in body mass index (BMI) in later stages due to muscle wasting. Metabolic complications, including insulin resistance, altered lipid metabolism, and hepatic steatosis, further characterize disease burden. Osteoporosis and increased fracture risk, primarily due to reduced mechanical loading and glucocorticoid-induced bone resorption, are major concerns, needing early screening and intervention. The RANK/RANKL/OPG signaling pathway has emerged as a critical factor in bone deterioration, providing potential therapeutic targets for improving skeletal health. Conclusions: Growth and endocrine disorders in DMD are complex and multifactorial, requiring proactive monitoring and early intervention. Addressing these issues requires a multidisciplinary approach integrating endocrine, nutritional, and bone health management. Further research is essential to refine treatment strategies that mitigate growth and metabolic disturbances while preserving overall patient well-being. Full article

Background/Objectives: We sought to determine if glibenclamide, a sulfonylurea receptor 1-transient receptor potential melastatin 4 (SUR1-TRPM4) channel blocker, reduces cerebral edema and improves neurological functioning in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). Methods: Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, a systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and SCOPUS for studies evaluating glibenclamide in aSAH patients. Primary outcomes included scores on the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) at discharge and the Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Early Brain Edema Score (SEBES) at ten days post-intervention. Secondary outcomes included adverse events, and safety and efficacy endpoints. Random-effects models were employed for meta-analyses. Results: Three studies utilizing oral glibenclamide (n = 245) met inclusion criteria. Oral glibenclamide demonstrated no significant improvements in mRS scores [MD −0.19 with 95% CI (−2.05, 1.66)] at discharge, [MD 0.06, (−0.60, 0.71)] at 3 months, and [MD 0.4, (−0.67, 0.87)] at 6 months; functional independence [risk ratio (RR) 1.05, (0.81, 1.36)]; independent ambulation [RR 1.07, (0.77, 1.48)]; mortality [RR 0.79, (0.42, 1.50)]; or delayed cerebral ischemia [RR 0.58, (0.31, 1.09]). Hypoglycemia risk was significantly higher in the glibenclamide group [RR 3.92, (1.14, 13.49)]. Conclusions: Oral glibenclamide offers a novel approach to addressing cerebral edema in aSAH but shows limited clinical efficacy in improving functional and neurological outcomes in subtherapeutic doses. Its safety profile is acceptable, though hypoglycemia risk necessitates careful monitoring. Further research is required to optimize dosing, timing of intervention, and patient selection to enhance therapeutic outcomes. By contrast, intravenous administration of therapeutic doses of glibenclamide offers a promising avenue for future studies in the management of aSAH by taking advantage of the favorable pharmacokinetics of this route of administration. Full article

Background/Objectives: Malnutrition is common in patients with metastatic spine tumors (MSTs) and may adversely affect surgical outcomes. The Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI) reflects both nutritional and immune status, but its role in palliative MST surgery is not well defined. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between preoperative the PNI and postoperative outcomes, including functional recovery and survival, in patients undergoing palliative surgery for MSTs. Methods: A brief description of the main methods or treatments applied. This can include any relevant preregistration or specimen information. Results: Patients with a higher PNI (≥42.8) demonstrated significantly better postoperative ambulation and longer overall survival compared to those with a lower PNI (<42.8). The higher PNI group showed earlier ambulation (p = 0.017) and longer median survival (30.7 vs. 7.0 months; p = 0.002). Multivariate analysis confirmed that a PNI ≥ 42.8 was an independent predictor of early ambulation (HR = 1.516; 95% CI: 1.010–2.277; p = 0.045) and prolonged survival (HR = 0.955; 95% CI: 0.927–0.985; p = 0.003). No significant association was found between the PNI and postoperative infections. Conclusions: The PNI is a simple and effective predictor of postoperative functional recovery and survival in patients undergoing palliative surgery for MSTs. Its routine preoperative assessment may help stratify surgical risk, guide nutritional interventions, and optimize clinical outcomes in this vulnerable population. Full article

Background: The effectiveness of hip hemiarthroplasty in managing femoral neck fractures in individuals with cerebral palsy has seldom been reported. Objectives: Given the complex neuromuscular issues associated with cerebral palsy (CP), this retrospective study aims to document the outcomes and characterize the complications of hip hemiarthroplasty for fractures of the femoral neck in a series of patients with CP, emphasizing the role of precision medicine in management. Methods: Six cases of hip hemiarthroplasty in six male patients with cerebral palsy and displaced femoral neck fractures have been reviewed in this study. The patients’ mean age at the time of surgery was 55.6 ± 14.1 years (range, 33–71). All the patients were independent indoor ambulators before their femoral neck fracture and had various medical comorbidities. Five patients had intellectual disabilities. Results: The mean clinical and radiographic follow-ups for the patients included in this series were 91.5 and 71.3 months, respectively. All the patients developed significant heterotopic ossification (HO) around the operated hip, which was observed as early as the second week postoperatively on radiographs. HO progressed throughout the follow-up for all the patients. One patient had an early postoperative dislocation with femoral stem loosening, which was managed by implant revision. Another patient had an acetabular protrusion, leading to the loss of their weight-bearing ability and mobility due to pain. Four patients were deceased at a mean of 86.5 months after the index surgery. Conclusions: After considering the preliminary evidence provided with this small case series, this study suggests the overall guarded outcomes of hip hemiarthroplasty in patients with CP. Given the 100% rate of heterotopic ossification, a precision medicine framework with consideration for HO prophylaxis may be recommended after hip hemiarthroplasty in patients with CP. It may also be reasonable to scrutinize a personalized risk assessment approach in this patient subset regarding decision making, surgical approach, and rehabilitation program. The clinical outcomes and the risks of complications following hemiarthroplasty should be sensibly presented to patients with cerebral palsy and their caregivers to achieve reasonable postoperative expectations. Full article

Background: Total hip arthroplasty (THA) improves the quality of life by alleviating pain and restoring function. The optimal pain control with minimal muscle weakness is paramount for early rehabilitation and for reducing complications. Although PROSPECT and ICAROS guidelines recommend the Fascia Iliaca Compartment Block (FICB), it is associated with insufficient pain relief and a prolonged quadriceps motor block. The association of the PENG (Pericapsular Nerve Group) with LFCN (lateral femoral cutaneous nerve) blocks may address these limitations, provide improved motor-sparing pain control, and offer a more tailored approach that enhances both an early postoperative recovery and patient satisfaction. Methods: A randomized controlled trial (November 2023–July 2024) compared the PENG + LFCN to the FICB in patients undergoing elective THAs under spinal anesthesia. The primary outcome was quadriceps weakness at 6 h post-block. Secondary outcomes included the degree of hip flexion and pain scores at 6, 24, and 48 h post-block, opioid consumption, and time to ambulation. Results: Fifty-eight patients were randomized (twenty-nine per group). The PENG + LFCN group achieved a significantly greater muscle strength (MRC: 4 [4; 4] vs. 3 [3; 4], p < 0.0001) and better hip flexion at all measured moments (6 h: 45° [37; 60] vs. 30° [25; 43], 24h: 59° [49; 66] vs. 47° [36; 50], 48 h: 62° [55; 70] vs. 50° [40; 55], all p < 0.0001). Resting pain was lower in the PENG + LFCN group (0 [0; 1], 0 [0; 2], and 0 [0; 1] vs. 2 [0; 3], 1 [0; 3], 1 [0; 3]), as was the dynamic pain during movement (1 [0; 2], 2 [2; 4], and 2 [1; 2] vs. 3 [2; 5], 3 [2; 4], and 3 [1; 3]; all p < 0.001), along with a lower total opioid consumption (0 [0; 0] vs. 7.5 [7.5; 22.5] MME, p < 0.001). Conclusions: The PENG + LFCN block outperformed the FICB in muscle strength, hip flexion, pain control, and opioid use, suggesting it may be a more effective option for THAs. Full article

Background: Percutaneous screw fixation has increasingly been used for pelvic ring fracture fixation. In older adult patients, especially in patients with a fragility fracture of the pelvis (FFP), minimally invasive techniques followed by early ambulation have been promoted in order to regain pre-injury levels of mobility and independence. The purpose of this study was to evaluate patient-centered outcomes, including post-operative pain relief, functional performance, and satisfaction, in older adults with pelvic ring fractures treated with percutaneous screw fixation and to assess injury characteristics, complications, and return-to-home rates. Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, patients 50 years and older who had their pelvic fracture treated in the Amsterdam UMC location AMC between January 2019 and December 2022 were identified. After a minimum follow-up period of 6 months, a questionnaire was conducted by phone to evaluate the pain, current living situation, and mobility of the patients. Results: A total of 51 patients were included in this study with a median age of 74 years (IQR 62–82), and the vast majority were female (n = 40, 78%). Over half of the pelvic fractures were caused by low-energy trauma (n = 29, 57%). Unilateral or bilateral sacral fractures with unilateral anterior ring fractures were the most common fracture pattern. The interoperative complication rate was 4%, and the in-hospital complication rate was 23%. Forty-five patients were reached to complete the questionnaire. Forty patients (91%) returned to an acceptable level of mobility after treatment, and almost all (n = 44, 98%) were pleased with the results of the surgery. Conclusions: Percutaneous screw fixation of pelvic fractures in older adult patients is a safe and effective operating technique. Most patients preserve their pre-morbid functionality and are able to return to their previous place of residence after admission. Furthermore, patients are almost unanimously very pleased with the results of the surgery despite some residual pain complaints. Full article

Background/Objectives: We will describe the early mobilization protocols applied to critically ill pediatric patients in PICUs, analyzing the strategies employed, the tools used, and the barriers perceived by the healthcare team during their implementation. Methods: The scoping review followed the guidelines established by PRISMA-ScR. A search was conducted across five electronic databases: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Dimensions AI, and ScienceDirect. Articles published in English that focused on pediatric patients aged 0 to 18 years were included. Results: A total of 3508 records were initially identified, of which 3422 articles were evaluated after duplicate removal. Subsequently, 12 studies that met the inclusion criteria were included. The methodological quality of the studies was mostly adequate, with 71.43% achieving scores between eight and nine on the Newcastle–Ottawa scale and 50% of the randomized clinical trials obtaining the maximum score of 7/7 on the Jadad scale. The interventions analyzed, including active bed mobility, bed cycling, and virtual reality, showed positive results in terms of feasibility and safety. The most frequently reported barriers to mobilization were hemodynamic instability, excessive sedation, pain, and lack of personnel and equipment. Conclusions: Early mobilization in pediatric PICUs is linked to improvements in mobility, reduced hospital stays, and shorter mechanical ventilation duration. However, its implementation is limited by barriers such as hemodynamic instability, excessive sedation, and lack of personnel and equipment. Further research is needed to establish uniform protocols, reduce these barriers, and optimize their effectiveness. Full article

The evolution of regional anesthesia in total hip arthroplasty (THA) has significantly impacted perioperative management, particularly in older adults, where age-related physiological vulnerability requires optimized strategies. Adequate pain control is crucial in enhancing recovery, minimizing opioid consumption, and reducing complications. Traditional nerve blocks such as lumbar plexus and femoral nerve blocks have long been the mainstay of analgesia. However, they are associated with significant motor impairments, which delay mobilization and increase the fall risks. Introducing motor-sparing regional anesthesia techniques represents a substantial advancement in optimizing postoperative pain management while preserving muscle function. Motor-sparing techniques, including the pericapsular nerve group (PENG) block, supra-inguinal fascia iliaca block (SI-FIB), erector spinae plane block (ESPB), and quadratus lumborum block (QLB), have been developed to provide adequate analgesia without compromising motor control. The PENG block selectively targets the articular branches of the femoral, obturator, and accessory obturator nerves, ensuring superior pain relief while minimizing quadriceps weakness. Similarly, the SI-FIB provides extensive sensory blockade with minimal motor involvement, allowing for earlier ambulation. The ESPB and QLB extend analgesia beyond the hip region while preserving motor function, reducing opioid consumption, and facilitating early rehabilitation. Compared to traditional motor-impairing blocks, these newer techniques align with Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocols by promoting early mobility and reducing the hospital length of stay. Studies suggest that motor-sparing blocks lead to improved functional recovery, lower postoperative pain scores, and decreased opioid requirements, which are critical factors in geriatric THA patients. Moreover, these techniques present a safer alternative, reducing the risk of postoperative falls—a significant concern in elderly patients undergoing hip replacement. Despite their advantages, motor-sparing nerve blocks are still evolving, and further research is necessary to standardize the protocols, optimize the dosing strategies, and evaluate the long-term functional benefits. Integrating these techniques into routine perioperative care may significantly enhance patient outcomes and revolutionize pain management in geriatric THA. As regional anesthesia advances, motor-sparing techniques will improve postoperative recovery, ensuring patient safety and functional independence. Full article

Background: The transition from pediatric to adult care in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) is challenging due to the disease’s complexity and the need for lifelong, comprehensive management. In Romania, ongoing efforts aim to enhance multidisciplinary collaboration, though systemic barriers, such as fragmented healthcare services, persist. Nonsense mutations, including those in exon 30 described here, are often associated with more severe disease progression. Methods: We present the case of a 17-year-old Romanian DMD patient with a nonsense mutation in exon 30 of the dystrophin gene. The patient received multidisciplinary pediatric care addressing his medical needs, including neuromuscular, respiratory, cardiac, and orthopedic management. Transition readiness was assessed using the Transition Readiness Assessment Questionnaire (TRAQ), and the patient’s perspective on the process was documented. Results: Care followed international standards, but the disease progressed predictably, with gradual loss of ambulation, respiratory decline, and cardiac complications. The TRAQ revealed strengths in communication with healthcare providers but moderate confidence in self-management tasks. From the patient’s perspective, fragmented adult services and difficulty accessing specialized neuromuscular support remain major obstacles, underscoring the importance of early, structured transition planning and patient-centered approaches. Conclusions: Transitioning to adult services requires strong communication between pediatric and adult teams and integration of specialized care. Tailored follow-up plans ensure continuity of care and effective disease management. This case reflects broader needs in similar healthcare contexts, highlighting the necessity of robust transition frameworks to respond to patient-specific challenges and ultimately support long-term quality of life. Full article

Introduction: Hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis (ATTRv) is a severe, multisystemic, autosomal dominant disease with variable penetrance caused by mutations in the TTR gene generating protein misfolding and accumulation of amyloid fibrils. The diagnosis is usually challenging because ATTRv may initially manifest with nonspecific multisystemic symptoms. Conversely, an early diagnosis is needed to start timely appropriate therapy. Hence, screening models have been proposed to improve ATTRv diagnosis. In this study, we propose a genetic screening model based on predefined “red flags” followed by “cascading screening” on first-degree relatives of patients who tested positive. Materials and methods: After obtaining written informed consent, genetic testing on salivary swabs was performed in individuals who met at least two major red flags for ATTRv (age > 65 years old, progressive sensory or sensorimotor neuropathy not responsive to steroids or immunomodulant therapies, recent and unexplained weight loss associated with gastrointestinal signs and symptoms, diagnosis of cardiac amyloidosis, bilateral or relapsing carpal tunnel syndrome, unexplained autonomic dysfunction) or one major flag and two minor flags (family history of neuropathy, ambulation disorders or cardiopathy, sudden cardiac death, a bedridden, wheelchaired patient without specific diagnosis excluding upper motor neuron diseases, infections, juvenile cardiac disease, ocular disorders, lumbar spine stenosis, biceps tendon rupture). Results: In the first screening phase, 29 suspected cases (individuals meeting at least two major red flags or one major red flag and two minor red flags) underwent genetic testing. One patient (3.5%) was diagnosed with hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis with polyneuropathy (ATTRv-PN), carrying the Phe64Leu mutation. Then, cascade screening allowed for early recognition of two additional individuals (two pre-symptomatic carriers) among two first-degree relatives (100%). The identified patient was a 72-year-old man who had a family history of both cardiopathy, neuropathy, and a diagnosis of juvenile cardiac disease and progressive sensorimotor neuropathy unresponsive to steroids or immunomodulant therapies. Conclusions: ATTRv is a progressive and often fatal disease that should be promptly diagnosed and treated to stop progression and reduce mortality. Systematic screening for ATTRv yielded increased recognition of the disease in our neurological clinic. A focused approach for the screening of ATTRv-PN could lead to an earlier diagnosis and identification of asymptomatic carriers, enabling timely intervention through close clinical monitoring and early treatment initiation at symptom onset. Full article

Hip fractures in elderly patients significantly reduce independence and quality of life. Early postoperative gait performance remains poorly understood, particularly regarding differences between surgical treatments, such as proximal femur nailing and hemiarthroplasty. Identifying gait alterations early in rehabilitation could optimize clinical interventions. This prospective observational cohort study included 40 elderly patients hospitalized after acute hip fracture surgery. Relative peak force and step duration were assessed using the ambulant pressure biofeedback system during postoperative mobilization. Additionally, three-dimensional gait analysis evaluated spatiotemporal parameters and sagittal plane kinematics of the hip, knee, and ankle. Results demonstrated significant improvements in median peak force (45.32% to 70.00%, (p < 0.001)) and median step duration (2.96 s to 137 s, (p < 0.001)) at the end of the hospitalization period. No significant differences in step duration and peak force were observed between the different surgical procedures, proximal femur nail, and hemiarthroplasty. Three-dimensional gait analysis showed significantly reduced hip extension during terminal stance in the operated leg compared to the healthy leg. These findings highlight the utility of biofeedback systems for monitoring early rehabilitation progress and emphasize the importance of 3D gait analysis in identifying early postoperative gait deficits. Targeted interventions during hospitalization could enhance functional recovery and improve patient outcomes. Full article

Background/Objectives: Total hip arthroplasty (THA) is an effective surgical intervention for restoring hip function and alleviating pain caused by osteoarthritis, femoral head avascular necrosis, or fractures. Despite its benefits, postoperative recovery is influenced by various factors, among which sarcopenia plays a critical role. This study aimed to analyze the characteristics of sarcopenia in THA patients admitted to a convalescent rehabilitation hospital and examine its relationship with functional variables such as balance and gait independence. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 84 THA patients, categorized into sarcopenia and non-sarcopenia groups using the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019 criteria. Data were collected on demographic characteristics (e.g., age, gender, height, weight, range of motion (ROM), manual muscle test (MMT)) and functional variables, including balance (Berg Balance Scale, BBS) and gait independence (Functional Ambulation Category, FAC). Results: The prevalence of sarcopenia among THA patients was 44.05%. Significant differences were observed between the sarcopenia and non-sarcopenia groups in sex, age, height, weight, ROM, MMT, BBS, and FAC (p < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that advanced age increased the likelihood of sarcopenia (OR: 1.072, p < 0.05), whereas higher body weight reduced it (OR: 0.784, p < 0.05). However, sarcopenia was not significantly associated with balance (BBS: p = 0.710) or gait independence (FAC: p = 0.990). Instead, a significant positive correlation was found between FAC and BBS (OR: 0.413, p < 0.001), as well as BBS and FAC (OR: 0.467, p < 0.001), indicating that better balance was associated with greater gait independence and vice versa. Additionally, patients who underwent THA due to fractures had a lower FAC compared to those with osteoarthritis (OR: −0.276, p = 0.018). Conclusions: Sarcopenia is prevalent among THA patients, and functional variables such as balance and gait independence are closely associated. Additionally, age and body weight were identified as key factors related to sarcopenia. These findings emphasize the importance of early detection and management of sarcopenia in rehabilitation hospital settings and highlight the significance of functional variables in recovery. Full article