Amino acids show apparent propensities toward their neighbors. In addition to preferences of amino acids for their neighborhood context, amino acid substitutions are also considered to be context-dependent. However, context-dependence patterns of ami...
In this study, we enrich a standard principal–agent model with hidden action by introducing salience-biased perception on the agent’s side. The agent’s misguided focus on salient payoffs, which leads the agent’s and the princi...
Multiple crystal structures of the homo-trimeric protein disulphide isomerase PmScsC reveal that the peptide which links the trimerization stalk and catalytic domain can adopt helical, β-strand and loop conformations. This region has been called a ‘s...
Behavioral asymmetries exhibited by the common octopus, Octopus vulgaris, a cephalopod mollusk, during predatory and exploratory responses were investigated. Animals were tested for eye preferences while attacking a natural (live crab) or an artifici...
Psychological research has long demonstrated that preferences can be influenced by stimuli coming from the environment. Music, as an external stimulus influencing people behaviours, purchasing processes and spending, has been widely analysed in consu...
Researchers have explored primary colour–geometric shape associations since Kandinsky’s correspondence theory. However, there is a gap in the literature regarding interior colour applications on surface shapes. To address this gap, an onl...
This study discusses the asymmetric dominance effect in the context of political elections with third-party candidates. Animal and human research both show that the addition or removal of a third option influences choices between the remaining two op...
As gesture-based interactions expand across traditional 2D screens and immersive XR platforms, designing intuitive input modalities tailored to specific contexts becomes increasingly essential. This study explores how users cognitively and experienti...
The logico-pluralist LogiKEy knowledge engineering methodology and framework is applied to the modelling of a theory of legal balancing, in which legal knowledge (cases and laws) is encoded by utilising context-dependent value preferences. The theory...
Quercus (oak) is an important economic and ecological tree species in the world, and it is the necessary feed for oak silkworm feeding. Chloroplasts play an important role in green plants but the codon usage of oak chloroplast genomes is not fully st...
Intracellular lipid-binding proteins (iLBPs) are key mediators of intracellular transport for fatty acids and retinoids, functioning as lipid chaperones. Beyond lipid transport, iLBPs regulate signalling pathways, gene expression, oxidative balance,...
Objectives This study analyzes the results of empirical studies on the impact of hospital competition (rivalry and market pressure) on the quality of care in European countries. Methods A systematic review has been conducted according to the Preferre...
7 June 2021
Nudging has received ample attention in scientific literature as an environmental strategy to promote healthy diets, and may be effective for reaching populations with low socioeconomic position (SEP). Therefore, the objective of this study was to in...
As the lineage-defining transcription factor for regulatory T cells (Tregs), FOXP3 plays a critical role in maintaining immune homeostasis. However, FOXP3 has not been found to regulate the expression of immune suppressive cytokines so far, and the s...
Hand gesture recognition from images is a critical task with various real-world applications, particularly in the field of human–robot interaction. Industrial environments, where non-verbal communication is preferred, are significant areas of a...
Housing markets worldwide have undergone major disruptions during the COVID-19 period, raising questions about how systemic shocks reshape housing preferences and spatial structures. This study develops an integrated spatial framework to examine mult...
Fertilization is occasionally applied to promote early growth of outplanted tree seedlings. However, the effectiveness of fertilization can be obscured by topographic variations and competing vegetation. The aim of this study was to reevaluate the ef...
Cocaine use disorder remains a major global health concern, with growing evidence that the gut microbiome modulates drug-related behaviors. This study examines the microbiome’s role in cocaine-induced psychomotor activation and context-dependen...
It is widely recommended to group-house male laboratory mice because they are ‘social animals’, but male mice do not naturally share territories and aggression can be a serious welfare problem. Even without aggression, not all animals within a group...
The availability of detritus is a key factor influencing aquatic biota and can significantly affect decomposition processes. In this study, we investigated how varying quantities of surrounding detritus impact leaf litter decay rates. It was tested i...
Mediterranean land systems are amongst the most susceptible to global change, in part due to the region’s vulnerability to climate change and misfit within a high production demanding political and societal setting. The impact of global drivers...
The LrtA protein of Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 intervenes in cyanobacterial post-stress survival and in stabilizing 70S ribosomal particles. It belongs to the hibernating promoting factor (HPF) family of proteins, involved in protein synthesis. In th...
There is a growing recognition of the contribution that privately-owned land makes to conservation efforts, and governments are increasingly counting privately protected areas (PPAs) towards their international conservation commitments. The public av...
Background and Objectives: Combined orthodontic–orthognathic treatment is the standard approach for managing severe dentofacial deformities. Nevertheless, its potential impact on periodontal tissues, particularly gingival recession (GR), remain...
Different species-specific traits of woody plant species, feeding preferences of herbivores together with resulting effects on plant competition are expected to translate into different plant community structures and expressions of biodiversity. We s...
Mycoplasmas colonise bovine respiratory mucosal surfaces as commensal organisms, yet certain species may contribute to bovine respiratory disease complex (BRDC) when host and environmental conditions favour pathogenic expression. Clinical outcome is...
Exotic non-native Pinus species have been widely planted or become naturalized in many parts of the world. Pines rely on ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi mutualisms to overcome barriers to establishment, yet the degree to which host specificity and edaphi...
Urban mental health burdens are increasing, prompting interest in how nearby green spaces aid emotional restoration. Bamboo-dominant green spaces are widespread in East Asia, but evidence connecting their management and structural features to restora...
The cannabinoid receptor type 2 (CB2) is increasingly recognized as a crucial regulator of neuroimmune balance in the brain. In addition to its well-established role in immunity, the CB2 receptor has been identified in specific populations of neurons...
To explore the sequence context-dependent nature of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) protease’s specificity and to provide a rationale for viral mutagenesis to study the potential role of the nucleocapsid (NC) processing in HIV-1 repli...
8 February 2026
Regular participation in recreational physical activity is a key determinant of population health, yet behavioral heterogeneity across adults remains insufficiently understood. This study examined how demographic, anthropometric, and psychological ch...
In the context of global warming and the concurrent decrease in ectothermic fish body size, the mechanisms driving this phenomenon remain a subject of scientific debate. This study, utilizing the Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) as a model organism, delve...
Plants are naturally exposed to various biotic stresses, including pathogen attacks and insect herbivory, which activate distinct signaling pathways as part of their defense responses. Inoculation with beneficial microorganisms, such as plant growth-...
The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) axis orchestrates hepatic development, regeneration, and metabolism, yet the roles of individual IGF-binding proteins (IGFBPs) remain incompletely defined. IGFBP-6, a high-affinity, IGF-II-preferring binding prote...
Large language models (LLMs) are now routine writing tools across various domains, intensifying questions about when text should be treated as human-authored, artificial intelligence (AI)-generated, or collaboratively produced. This rapid review aims...
To achieve carbon neutrality goals, large amounts of renewable energy sources (RESs) are being integrated into power systems. In particular, high penetration of distributed photovoltaic (PV) makes distribution networks highly stochastic, calling for...
This paper is a partial review of the literature on ‘social preferences'. There are empirical findings that convincingly demonstrate the existence of social preferences, but there are also studies that indicate their fragility. So how robust are soci...
20 September 2021
It is widely acknowledged that using p-value thresholds as the basis for making decision on health care spending is not appropriate. In the context of medical decision making, we argue that patient preferences need to be a stronger factor. Depending...
The lack of individualized fitting of hearing aids results in many patients never getting the intended benefits, in turn causing the devices to be left unused in a drawer. However, living with an untreated hearing loss has been found to be one of the...
Autonomous robot companions must engage users to create long-lasting bonds that promote their better and frequent use. Previous studies in the area revealed that a personalised human–robot interaction facilitates such connections, leading peopl...
20 August 2013
The European Higher Education Area implies, at least theoretically, substantial changes in the developed educational approaches specified in several areas. Among these the assessment of students’ learning is the focus of this article. The approaches...
Background: Minimally invasive coronary surgery (MICS) has emerged as an alternative approach in the surgical management of coronary artery disease (CAD), offering potential advantages such as reduced surgical trauma, shorter hospital stays, and fast...
Local communities surrounding wildlife corridors and natural reserves often face challenges related to human–wildlife coexistence. To mitigate the challenges and ensure the long-term conservation of wildlife, it is important to engage local com...
Background/Objectives: Helminth infections, particularly prevalent in low- and middle-income countries, have been extensively studied for their effects on human health. With the emergence of new infectious diseases like SARS-CoV-2 and Ebola, their im...
This exploratory study investigates how youths aged 18–25 perceive and prioritize elements of the Integrated Digital Storytelling for Social Media (IDSM) framework in cultural heritage tourism contexts, addressing critical gaps between theoreti...
This paper presents the results of empirical research focused on the quality of teaching and learning methods, from the perspective of master’s students at one of the Czech universities. The research focused on learning outcomes, teaching forms...
The significance of the transportation sector, notably in terms of the carbon emission factor, is an undeniable fact. Along with this fact, individuals’ transportation preferences depend on their income levels. In this context, when the issue i...
In terms of role assignment and informational characteristics, different contexts have been used when measuring distributional preferences. This could be problematic as contextual variance may inadvertently muddle the measurement process. We use a wi...
Objective: The objective of this study is to conduct a systematic review of the evidence on the use of remotely administered walking tests (RaWTs) in patients with chronic pulmonary diseases (CPDs) and heart failure (HF), focusing on agreement, relia...
Seafood products are important sources of protein and components of a healthy and sustainable diet. Understanding consumers’ preferences for fish products is crucial for increasing fish consumption. This article reports the consumer preferences...
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