Search Results (54)

Entrepreneurship education (EE) is increasingly considered an important tool in promoting sustainable economic development, yet the empirical base for its effect on entrepreneurial intention (EI) is dispersed and not consistent. However, the literature fails to address EE as a direct antecedent of EI and pays little attention to conditional mechanisms that explain how education contributes to shaping entrepreneurial cognition. To address this gap, this article performs a systematic–integrative review of the literature where entrepreneurship education is a moderating variable in entrepreneurial intentionality. Based on PRISMA 2020, peer-reviewed journal papers from 2000 to 2025 were collected through Scopus and Web of Science and systematized with the theory-building integrative method. Using the Theory of Planned Behavior, Shapero’s Entrepreneurial Event Model, Social Cognitive Theory and Human Capital Theory, we show in the review that entrepreneurship education primarily moderates how entrepreneurial attitudes, subjective norms and perceived behavioral control predict entrepreneurial intention rather than exert uniform direct effects. The results also reveal that the moderating effect of EE is dependent on pedagogical quality, level of experiential depth, extent of cultural fit and institutional support, with strong implications for emerging and collectivist economies. Holistic in approach, the study demonstrates how education for entrepreneurship can focus entrepreneurial intention on sustainable value creation, economic diversification and inclusive development contributing directly to SDGs 4 (quality education), 8 (decent work and economic growth) and 9 (industry innovation and infrastructure). The paper introduces a context-dependent conceptual framework, and discusses some implications for sustainability-related educational design and policy. Full article

This paper explores the controversial issue of the extent to which human rights values are universal and applicable within all cultural contexts across the contemporary world. It evaluates three claims that are commonly made by those working in the field of intercultural education: (i) because human rights are a product of Western ways of thinking, they are incompatible with the values and norms of non-Western cultures; (ii) applying human rights to non-Western cultures is culturally insensitive and a form of cultural imperialism; and (iii) human rights are based on an individualistic conception of the human being and are therefore inappropriate for collectivistic cultures. This paper provides a critical review of all three claims, with the aim of evaluating each of them in turn. The review reveals that the claim that human rights are incompatible with the values and norms of non-Western cultures is both factually incorrect and analytically problematic; that historically, the contents of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights were shaped and endorsed by both Western and non-Western actors; and that human rights are based on a collectivistic and communitarian—not an individualistic—conception of the human being. It is argued that the approach to human rights that is compatible with these conclusions is relative universalism, according to which the implementation of human rights principles should always display flexibility so that cultural specificities can be appropriately balanced against the general principles of universal human rights. Two further issues that are also discussed are the organised hypocrisy in the policies of many Western governments in relationship to human rights and the need for greater material equality to ensure the effective implementation of human rights. The conclusion that is drawn from the review is that there is no ethical dilemma for those working in the field of intercultural education in embracing and endorsing universal human rights, that a culturally sensitive approach can, and indeed should, be adopted in applying universal human rights principles in all cultural contexts, and that the assault on universal human rights from intercultural education is based on widely repeated misunderstandings and myths about human rights. Full article

This article draws on my doctoral research, Reconciliation Rescue: An Original Blak Comedy Series and Aboriginal Cultural Perspectives on Humour, to examine how Aboriginal humour operates as a mode of resistance, truth-telling, and cultural continuity. My thesis consists of two components Reconciliation Rescue, an original scripted Blak comedy series, and an accompanying exegesis that situates the work within broader discussions of Aboriginal sovereignty, identity, and the politics of reconciliation. In this article, I extend that research to demonstrate how Aboriginal voices, when centred in comedic storytelling, challenge colonial paradigms and reframe national narratives. Grounded in my lived experience as an Aboriginal woman and my longstanding creative practice, I explore the ways in which Aboriginal humour addresses intergenerational trauma, racism, and stereotypes. I contrast the collectivist values and relational worldviews of Aboriginal cultures with the individualism of Whitestream society, arguing that humour particularly the oration of humorous storytelling has long served as a powerful tool of healing, resilience, and community cohesion. This distinctive form of ‘Blak Humour’ confronts harmful assumptions, empowers our people, and strengthens cultural identity. By reflecting on the development of Reconciliation Rescue and the principles that shape First Nations comedic expression, this article illustrates how Aboriginal comedy can act as an educational and transformative force. It highlights humour’s potential to foster understanding, unsettle entrenched power structures, and contribute meaningfully to more culturally informed and socially just approaches to reconciliation in Australia. Full article

Background: Although parenting interventions are effective in improving parenting practices and child development, most are developed within Western cultural frameworks that may not align with South Asian collectivist values and family structures. The extent to which cultural adaptation influences the effectiveness of parenting interventions in South Asian populations remains unclear. Aim: To systematically review the effectiveness of parenting interventions on child developmental outcomes, parenting outcomes, and parental health among South Asian families, and to examine whether the depth of cultural adaptation, assessed using Bernal’s Ecological Validity Model (EVM), is associated with intervention effectiveness. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted. We systematically searched CINAHL, MEDLINE, Science Direct, PsychINFO, PubMed, and Cochrane library. Data were extracted from six electronic databases up to August 2023. Quality and risk of bias were appraised using the Revised Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool for Randomized Trials for the quantitative studies and the Critical Appraisal Skill Program (CASP) checklist for the qualitative studies. Results: Seventeen studies (fifteen quantitative, two qualitative) involving 8088 participants were included; ten studies contributed data to meta-analysis. Parenting interventions were associated with moderate improvements in parenting knowledge (SMD = 0.51, 95% CI 0.25 to 0.76) and small improvements in parental involvement (SMD = 0.36, 95% CI 0.00 to 0.72). Significant reductions in parental depression (SMD = −0.77, 95% CI −1.20 to −0.34) and disability symptoms (SMD = 0.82, 95% CI 0.68 to 0.96) were observed, though effects on post-natal depression (SMD = 0.15, 95% CI −1.00 to 1.30) and physical quality of life (SMD = −0.27, 95% CI −1.22 to 1.75) were non-significant. For children, large improvements were found in cognitive (SMD = 0.84–1.48), language (SMD = 0.79, 95% CI 0.25 to 1.33), and social development (SMD = 0.54, 95% CI 0.16 to 0.91), but not in emotional or motor development. Sensitivity analyses indicated larger effects for studies demonstrating deeper cultural adaptation. Qualitative findings highlighted maternal empowerment, improved mental wellbeing, and the importance of family support and culturally congruent facilitators for engagement. Overall certainty of evidence was rated as low due to high heterogeneity, risk of bias, and imprecision. Discussion: Culturally adapted parenting interventions show promising benefits for parenting practices, parental mental health, and child developmental outcomes among South Asian families, particularly when adaptations extend beyond surface-level changes. However, evidence quality is low and inconsistent, highlighting the need for more rigorous trials and clearer reporting of cultural adaptation to optimize effectiveness. Full article

The COVID-19 pandemic altered individuals’ worldviews. This study examined how cultural values shaped the ways students navigated stress and adapted after the COVID-19 pandemic. Drawing on Conservation of Resources (COR) Theory and cultural psychology frameworks of individualism and collectivism, we hypothesized that university students in two culturally distinct contexts—China and Canada—would demonstrate resilience differently. Chinese students would display collectivistic coping strategies (e.g., social responsibility and perspective-taking), while Canadian students would show resilience through individualistic strategies (e.g., personal reflection and self-efficacy). A total of 814 students completed a mixed-methods survey assessing resilience, cognitive reflection, and post-pandemic adaptations. Quantitative data were analyzed using factor analysis and stepwise regression to identify predictors. Qualitative responses were thematically analyzed for context. Results revealed cultural differences in resilience and adaptation, with social responsibility, healthy habits, and third-person perspective-taking predicting the responses of Chinese students, whereas internal emotional processing and personal moral reflection predicting it for Canadian students. This study enhances cross-cultural understanding of resilience and adaptation after collective trauma. Full article

This theoretical article examines how belongingness, defined as the sense that one’s participation is legitimate and valued, interacts with cultural value orientations to help explain persistent disparities in U.S. technology engagement, including emerging technologies, across racial and ethnic groups. While structural barriers (e.g., racism, poverty, linguistic bias, etc.) remain essential to understanding such inequity, we argue that engagement patterns in technology also reflect how different cultural communities may define and experience belongingness in relation to digital domains. Drawing on Triandis and Gelfand’s framework, and focusing specifically on educational contexts, we propose the Belongingness through Cultural Value Alignment (BCVA) model, whereby belongingness serves as a catalyst between cultural value orientations and technology engagement, with vertical collectivism deriving belongingness primarily through structured skill development and validation while horizontal collectivism focusing instead on belonging based on community integration. When technological environments value practices that are consistent with vertical collectivist norms, individuals from horizontal collectivist cultures may experience cultural misalignment not from disinterest in technology or exclusionary efforts but, instead, because dominant engagement modes conflict with their familiar frameworks for fostering a sense of belonging. By examining how cultural value orientations mediate the sense of belonging in contexts involving modern technologies, the proposed perspective offers a novel framework for understanding why access alone may have proven insufficient to address technological participation gaps, and suggests directions for creating technology spaces where individuals from a wider range of communities can experience the authentic sense of belonging. Full article

This study investigates the perceptions of halal food among theology students from three culturally diverse cities: Istanbul, Berlin, and Kuala Lumpur. As individuals receiving formal religious education, theology students are expected to exhibit strong awareness of Islamic dietary principles. Utilizing a quantitative research design, data were collected from 210 participants via online surveys using validated Likert-type scales measuring halal awareness, halal literacy, religious commitment, social influence, perceived behavioral control, price value, hedonic motivation, and consumption habits. One-way ANOVA and post hoc Tukey tests revealed significant differences between cities in nearly all variables. Students in Kuala Lumpur consistently demonstrated higher scores, indicating a stronger alignment with institutionalized halal systems and collectivist cultural norms. Berlin participants reported lower awareness and influence levels, likely reflecting a more secular and individualistic environment. Istanbul students fell between the two, showing strong religious motivation but less structural support. The findings highlight how halal food perceptions are shaped not only by individual religiosity but also by cultural, political, and economic contexts. This study contributes to the literature by offering a cross-cultural perspective on halal consumption and underscores the importance of integrating structural and cultural factors into religious food behavior research. Full article

Researchers observed that even if one’s environmental concern was high, people would delegate others to take responsibility for climate change mitigation and undertake sustainable actions. In this study, we explored how citizens of different countries in Central Europe, Central Asia, and the Middle East perceived responsibility for mitigating and reducing climate change consequences of various collective and individual agents. Also, we asked about the role of cultural values, environmental worldviews, and beliefs in the intractability of climate change in the prediction of the responsibility distribution. The total sample consisted of n = 1267 participants from Belarus, Lithuania, Poland, the United Arab Emirates, and Uzbekistan. We created the list of 11 collective and individual entities as accountable for mitigation and sustainable activities. We used the Collindex scale to measure collectivistic and individualistic values, the NEP scale to measure anthropocentric and ecocentric worldviews, and two questions concerning the intractability beliefs. Results showed that participants attributed more responsibility to collective agents than to individuals across countries. The predictors’ patterns indicated that ecocentric worldviews consistently increased perceived responsibility of both collective and individual actors, whereas anthropocentrism reduced the attribution of collectives’ responsibility. Collectivistic values appeared to foster greater expectations of individuals. Also, differences between national samples were observed. Full article

Background/Objectives: Parents of individuals with substance use disorders (SUDs) often carry significant emotional and relational burdens, yet their voices remain underrepresented in addiction research. This study explores how Greek parents navigate the long-term challenges of caring for adult children with SUDs, with a focus on emotional strain, caregiving identity, and culturally embedded coping strategies within a collectivist context. Methods: Eight Greek parents (six mothers and two fathers, aged 47–60) participated in in-depth, semi-structured interviews. Conversations were conducted either in person or via video call, depending on participant preference and geographical constraints. Data were analyzed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) to explore lived experience and the meaning-making processes shaping parental coping over time. Results: Four overarching themes were identified as follows: (1) Living in Vigilance, reflecting constant hyper-alertness, emotional exhaustion, and social withdrawal rooted in trauma; (2) Shifting Parental Identity, capturing the evolution of parents into caregivers, advocates, and informal caseworkers amid systemic neglect; (3) Struggling Within Systems, highlighting exclusion, blame, and fragmentation in institutional care—with moments of empathy holding outsized emotional weight; and (4) Coping as Cultural Duty, showing how caregiving was sustained through values of sacrifice, loyalty, and protective silence, even at great personal cost. Conclusions: Greek parents supporting adult children with SUDs face a complex interplay of trauma, cultural obligation, and institutional strain. Their coping is shaped by deeply held familial values rather than access to effective support. The findings call for culturally attuned, family-inclusive interventions and further research into long-term caregiving across diverse contexts. Full article

In Thailand, companies are facing increasing pressure from investors, consumers, customers, and regulators to integrate sustainability into business policies and practices. Achieving corporate sustainable development requires incorporating environmental attitudes and work environments into employee behaviors. This study examines how perceived sustainability policies (PSP) influence pro-environmental behaviors (PEB) in the workplace. A total of 589 respondents from four Thai companies in diverse sectors—rubber, consumer products, B2B industrials, and garments—participated in the study. Grounded in the Focus Theory of Normative Conduct, the research extends individual-level psychological frameworks by incorporating the mediating roles of organizational-level descriptive norms—green shared vision (GSV) and green work climate (GWC)—and the moderating role of individual green value (IGV). Structural equation modeling was conducted using AMOS. The findings supported both a direct effect of PSP on PEB and a sequential mediation pathway through GSV and GWC, while the individual mediation roles of GSV and GWC were not significant. These results reflected strong institutional and in-group collectivist culture of Thailand. Moreover, IGV was found to have a significantly negative moderating effect, suggesting that employees with high IGV may rely less on formal perceived sustainability policies in shaping their pro-environmental behaviors. Full article

Entrepreneurial intention research requires further examination of systemic relationships between constructs of comprehensive models that will more closely approximate the ontological realities of individuals. This research jointly examines relationships among basic individual values and constructs from the theory of planned behavior, entrepreneurial orientation, and entrepreneurial intention while accounting for multiple contextual factors. Situational factors are accounted for by random determination of mediators, examination of 23 model configurations, and use of quasi-random samples (e.g., respondents with different demographic factors from different organizations, industries, and regions) from two culturally and economically contrasting countries, the United States and India. Models were analyzed using PLS-SEM. Contrary to the “common view”—the idea that Western countries are individualistic and Asian and Latin American countries are collectivistic—individual personal focus values and passion relationships were stronger for India’s sample than for the United States. Contrary results were found for basic individual social focus values and subjective norms relationships. Results show a lack of stark disparities between the two country samples. Hence, it seems that between-country differences have been overemphasized, while more attention to context and to within-country variability is required. This study expands the entrepreneurial orientation nomological network by jointly considering basic individual values and TPB’s and EO’s constructs anteceding entrepreneurial intention and examining a large set of model configurations while accounting for multiple situational factors in two culturally and economically contrasting countries. Full article

This study investigates the quantitative relationship between the four dimensions of emotional intelligence and the two types of contemporary filial piety, academic achievement in a Chinese university setting. Based on a sample of 240 Chinese undergraduates, the regression analysis was employed to examine how academic achievement and the two types of contemporary filial piety, namely Pragmatic Obligation (PO) and Compassionate Reverence (CR), relate to four dimensions of emotional intelligence—Self-Emotional Monitoring (SEM), Emotional Utilization (EU), Social Competence (SC), and Others’ Emotional Appraisal (OEA). Results revealed that CR, PO, and Grade Point Average (GPA) predicted emotional intelligence positively and significantly. Notably, PO was the strongest predictor of emotional intelligence compared to CR and GPA. These findings advance theoretical understanding in two aspects. Firstly, they challenge the traditional dichotomy of filial piety by demonstrating that both CR and PO serve as cultural resources enhancing emotional competencies. Afterwards, the study bridges collectivistic values by filial piety with emotional intelligence, offering a culturally nuanced framework for interpreting academic success in Confucian societies. Full article

Given the growing global emphasis on inclusive education, it is critical to understand how diversity practices in schools influence middle school teachers’ job satisfaction and long-term retention. However, previous research has paid limited attention to cross-cultural differences and often overlooks how diversity-related demands interact with workplace resources. Grounded in the Job Demands–Resources (JD–R) framework, this comparative study conceptualizes perceived diversity practices as job demands that may place additional emotional and cognitive burdens on teachers, while teacher–student relationships are viewed as key social resources that can buffer these effects. Using data from the 2018 OECD Teaching and Learning International Survey (TALIS), we analyzed responses from over 6500 middle school teachers in the United States and China, employing regression analysis, Shapley value decomposition, and structural equation modeling (SEM) to examine direct and mediated pathways. The results reveal marked cultural variation: In the U.S., diversity practices as job demands are more likely to be associated with increased job satisfaction through direct institutional support—particularly for female and older teachers. In contrast, in China, the positive impact of diversity-related demands on job satisfaction is primarily achieved through strong teacher–student relationships, which serve as vital compensatory resources—especially for middle-aged educators. These findings underscore the importance of culturally responsive policy design; while individualistic educational systems may benefit from direct structural supports, collectivist systems may require relational strategies to foster sustainable teacher satisfaction and retention, ultimately advancing educational quality and equity. Full article

Sustainable marketing emphasizes the integration of social and environmental responsibility into business strategies, positioning employer branding as a vital tool for advancing sustainable organizational practices. Within the healthcare context of Jordan—a country facing unique socio-cultural and systemic challenges—employer branding may foster a culture that promotes safety and employee well-being. While the findings are context-specific, they offer preliminary insights that may be useful in similar healthcare environments in the Middle East or other collectivist settings. This study explores the use of employer branding as a strategic lever to enhance nurses’ safety voice behavior, a critical component of organizational safety and patient care, through the mediating role of employee engagement. Drawing on employer brand theory and self-determination theory, this research investigates how a strong employer brand image contributes to a more engaged nursing workforce, thereby encouraging proactive communication regarding safety concerns. Data were collected from 240 nurses employed at Jordanian hospitals between September and November 2024. The findings reveal that sustainable employer branding—characterized by transparent, ethical, and inclusive organizational values—significantly enhances employee engagement and, in turn, motivates safety voice behavior. By cultivating a supportive work environment that aligns with nurses’ intrinsic motivations, hospitals can improve not only internal communication around safety but also long-term organizational resilience and trust. This aligns with sustainable marketing principles, which advocate for responsible internal stakeholder engagement as part of a broader sustainability agenda. Full article

Vietnam’s tourism sector has experienced rapid expansion, yielding significant economic gains, but also escalating environmental and socio-cultural challenges. This necessitates a shift toward sustainable tourism practices. This study develops and tests an integrative model combining the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) and Value–Belief–Norm (VBN) theory to investigate the Sustainable Consumption Behavior (SCB) of domestic travelers in Vietnam. Grounded in the country’s collectivist culture—characterized by a strong emphasis on communal values and social harmony—the research examines how rational decision-making and normative pressures jointly drive eco-friendly travel behaviors. Data were collected from 549 Vietnamese tourists through stratified sampling across three major regions, and were analyzed through a robust multi-step methodology, including Exploratory Factor Analysis, Confirmatory Factor Analysis, and structural equation modeling (SEM), supplemented by regression analysis. The SEM results indicate that the proposed model accounts for 60.8% of the variance in SCB, underscoring its explanatory power. Within the TPB framework, Attitude, Subjective Norms, and Perceived Behavioral Control significantly predict Behavioral Intention, which, in turn, mediates their influence on SCB. In the VBN component, Environmental Awareness shapes Altruistic and Biospheric Values, fostering the New Environmental Paradigm and activating Personal Norms, which exert a direct effect on SCB. This direct influence of Personal Norms, bypassing Behavioral Intention, highlights the role of implicit moral obligations in Vietnam’s collectivist cultural context and challenges Western-centric behavioral models. Beyond these frameworks, Destination Attributes and Consumer Innovativeness emerge as critical direct predictors of SCB, with Destination Attributes showing the strongest effect. Mediation analyses confirm Behavioral Intention’s central role, while moderation tests reveal that gender and travel experience modulate TPB-based relationships, suggesting the value of targeted interventions. Theoretically, this study advances TPB–VBN integration by applying it to a collectivist setting, revealing how cultural norms amplify normative influences on sustainable behavior. Practically, it advocates for strategies such as community-driven initiatives leveraging Personal Norms, educational campaigns to enhance Perceived Behavioral Control, and sustainable destination management initiatives in locations like Da Nang and Ha Long Bay. While the cross-sectional design limits causal claims, the findings provide a foundation for future longitudinal studies and cross-cultural comparisons, particularly in other collectivist societies, potentially incorporating digital engagement and policy incentives as novel factors. Full article