A laboratory experiment investigates the influence of salinity on the characteristics of bubble clouds in varying saline solutions. Bubble clouds were generated with a water jet. Salinity, surface tension, and water temperature were monitored. Measur...
We studied the effects of a small bubble cloud located at the pre-focal area of a high-intensity focused ultrasound field. Our objective is to show that bubbles can modify the bioeffects of an ultrasound treatment in muscle tissue. We model a three-d...
In this paper, a Lagrangian-Eulerian (LE) two-way coupling model is developed to numerically study the cavitation bubble cloud. In this model, the gas-liquid mixture is treated directly as a continuous and compressible fluid and the governing equatio...
Quantitative understanding of the interactions of ultrasonic waves with liquid and solidifying metals is essential for developing optimal processing strategies for ultrasound processing of metal alloys in the solidification processes. In this researc...
This paper provides new physical insight into the coupling between flow dynamics and cavitation bubble cloud behaviour at conditions relevant to both cavitation inception and the more complex phenomenon of flow “choking” using a multiphase compressib...
In this work, within finite liquid spaces confined by elastic walls and the free surface, we investigated the influence of wall and liquid on laser bubble-excited vibrational rarefaction waves, via the dynamics of the laser-induced plasma-mediated bu...
Cavitation is a phase-change phenomenon from the liquid to the gas phase due to an increased flow velocity. As it causes severe erosion and noise, it is harmful to hydraulic machinery such as pumps, valves, and screw propellers. However, it can be ut...
The extensibility of dough and its resistance to extension (toughness) are important indicators, since they are directly linked to dough quality. Therefore, this paper used an independently developed device to blow sheeted dough, and then a three-dim...
The presence of bubbles near the sea surface under certain conditions leads to abnormal sound scattering and a significant change in the acoustic properties of the upper layer of the sea. The article presents some results of sound scattering studies...
Focused on the unsteady property of a cavitating water jet issuing from an orifice nozzle in a submerged condition, this paper presents a fundamental investigation of the periodicity of cloud shedding and the mechanism of cavitation cloud formation a...
This study investigates the effects of aerosol vertical distribution on a deep convective cloud system. We intend to elucidate the mechanisms for aerosols entering the cloud from different heights, and how they affect cloud microphysics and precipita...
Bubble measurement has been widely discussed in the literature and comparison studies have been widely performed to validate the results obtained for various forms of bubble size inferences. This paper explores three methods used to obtain a bubble s...
Fine structure of the density distribution in giant molecular clouds (GMCs) around W43 (G31+00+90 km s
This study employs the VOF method to conduct the direct numerical simulation of the collapse progress of the near-wall bubble cluster. Factors such as viscosity, compressibility, and surface tension are taken into account, with an emphasis on the flo...
High-quality X-ray observations of planetary nebulae (PNe) have demonstrated that the X-ray-emitting gas in their hot bubbles have temperatures in the small range
In a steel continuous casting mold, argon bubbles injected through the submerged entry nozzle undergo transport, coalescence, and turbulent breakup, producing a polydisperse bubble swarm that affects flow stability and defect formation. In this study...
This work presents experimental and numerical studies on the dynamics of cavitation bubbles in a nozzle-shaped microfluidic channel with PZT (lead-zirconate-titanate) actuations. It is found that a cloud of bubbles can be generated near the center of...
Cavitation bubbles near narrow gaps widely exist within microfluidic control devices. In the present paper, a laser-induced cavitation bubble is arranged in a narrow gap composed of two parallel plates. The inception position of the bubble is set to...
The volume-of-flow method combined with the Rayleigh–Plesset equation is well established for the computation of cavitation, i.e., the generation and transportation of vapor bubbles inside a liquid flow resulting in cloud, sheet or streamline c...
This study investigates the impact of cavitation phenomena on heat and mass transfer in working fluids. To quantify the intensity of transport processes within cavitation bubble clusters, a numerical analysis of bubble dynamics was carried out with e...
Turbulent radiation flow is ubiquitous in many physical systems where light–matter interaction becomes relevant. Photon bubble instabilities, in particular, have been identified as a possible source of turbulent radiation transport in astrophys...
In many practical submerged objects, various types of cavitation such as bubble, sheet, and cloud cavitation occur according to flow conditions. In spite of numerous theoretical, numerical, and experimental studies, there are still many problems to b...
In-cloud icing occurred on cables, wind turbines, and aircraft wings and may cause power transmission paralysis, energy dissipation, and unsafe flight. The study of atmospheric ice is crucial to facilitate the development of in-cloud icing prediction...
The dynamic evolution of microbubbles under ultrasonic excitation is fundamental to applications ranging from targeted drug delivery to acoustic cleaning. This study employs a synchronous high-speed microscopic imaging system to systematically invest...
Cloud and bubble chambers have historically been used for particle detection, capitalizing on supersaturation and superheating, respectively. Here, we present new results from a prototype snowball chamber, in which an incoming particle triggers the c...
One of the main causes of damage in hydraulic turbines is cavitation. While not all cavitation appearing in a turbine is of a destructive type, erosive cavitation can severely affect the structure, thus increasing maintenance costs and reducing the r...
Large language models in IoT–edge–cloud settings face bursty, heterogeneous requests that make pipeline-parallel inference prone to micro-batch imbalance and communication stalls, causing GPU idle time and SLO violations. We propose a run...
Continuous variable quantum key distribution (CVQKD) has been implemented over the atmospheric channels over free space. However, atmospheric turbulence weakens the quality of the transmitting quantum signals and hence decreases the secret key rate o...
In numerous industries such as drilling, peening, cleaning, etc., a cavitating jet is adopted. However, it is challenging to simulate the cavitating flow field numerically with accuracy. The flow field of the organ pipe cavitation nozzle is simulated...
Owing to the limitations of physical experiments on heavy oil, this study establishes a mathematical model for heavy oil–water two-phase flow based on the theory of multiphase flow, considering factors such as heavy oil viscosity, mixed flow ve...
A real downburst event that occurred in the city of Genoa, Italy, on 14 August 2018, is simulated using the full-cloud model CM1. The initiation of the thunderstorm cell is triggered through the warm bubble technique, which allows simulating the whol...
Bubbles generated by breaking waves can drive significant gas exchange between the ocean and atmosphere, but the role of bubble-mediated gas transfer in estuaries is unknown. Here, backscatter data from 41 acoustic Doppler current profiler stations w...
Tire defect detection, as an important application of automatic inspection techniques in the industrial field, remains a challenging task because of the diversity and complexity of defect types. Existing research mainly relies on X-ray images for the...
Current cavitating water jet technology for mineral liberation predominantly relies on the micro-jet impact generated by bubble collapse. Consequently, conventional nozzle designs often overlook the shear effects on mineral particles within the inter...
This work investigates the difference in the fragmentation characteristics between the microscopic and macroscopic scales under hypervelocity impact, with the simulations of Molecular Dynamics (MD) and Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) method. Un...
Ship fouling not only increases ship resistance and fuel consumption but is equally a type of biological invasion, which causes severe ecological damage. Submerged cavitation jet cleaning is an environmentally friendly, high-efficiency, and energy-sa...
This paper presents a numerical investigation of the cavitation dynamics and hydraulic flip transition in a rectangular nozzle using an Eulerian–Eulerian two-fluid model. The Schnerr–Sauer cavitation model was employed, with its key param...
High-speed underwater vehicles are subjected to complex multiphase turbulent processes, such as the growth, development, shedding, and collapse of cavitation bubbles. To study the cavity evolution and pressure pulsation characteristics, in this paper...
Intravascular aspiration thrombectomy catheters are widely used to treat stroke, pulmonary embolism, and deep venous thrombosis. However, their performance is frequently compromised by clot material becoming lodged within the catheter tip. To address...
Recently, polymeric foams filled with a silica aerogel have been developed. The phase behavior of CO2/silicon alkoxide binary systems and CO2/silicon alkoxide/polymer ternary systems is an important factor that affects the design of novel processes....
This article deals with the numerical simulation of unsteady cavitating flow around hydrofoils, supported by experimental research realized in a cavitation tunnel situated in the Centre of Hydraulic Research. Two straight NACA hydrofoils (NACA0020 an...
The artificially submerged cavitation water jet is effectively utilized by ejecting a high-pressure water stream into a low-pressure water stream through concentric nozzles and utilizing the cavitation phenomenon generated by the shear layer formed b...
In this work, we investigate the effect of dissolved gas concentration on cavitation inception and cavitation development in a transparent sharp-edged orifice, similar to that previously analyzed by Nurick in the context of liquid injectors. The work...
The reason why ice nucleation is more efficient by contact nucleation than by immersion nucleation has been elusive for over half a century. Six proposed mechanisms are summarized in this study. Among them, the pressure perturbation hypothesis, which...
To investigate a hypothesis of the orifice flow-induced instability in rocket engine thrust chambers, a single liquid oxygen (LOX) injector with an optically accessible orifice module was used for experiments, with water as a simulant for LOX. The un...
The utility of new imaging technologies to better understand hazardous geological environments cannot be overstated. The combined use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) and digital photogrammetry (DP) represents a rapidly evolving technique that permi...
Background: High-risk neuroblastoma (NB) is a pediatric malignancy associated with metastases and an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Standard-of-care treatments like chemotherapy are often ineffective, which motivates the investigation of a...
Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) swarms generate massive multi-modal sensor data streams from onboard payloads such as RGB cameras, LiDAR, and thermal sensors. Large language models (LLMs) can interpret these data for natural language-based swarm coordi...
Background: Liver cancers are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients where effective, non-invasive treatment options remain limited. Objective: Histotripsy is a non-invasive, non-thermal, image-guided focused ultrasound method of ablati...
Histotripsy is a novel, noninvasive, non-thermal technology invented in 2004 for the precise destruction of biologic tissue. It offers a powerful alternative to more conventional thermal or surgical interventions. Using short-pulse, low-duty cycle ul...
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