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Search Results (297)

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Keywords = Western thought

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18 pages, 291 KiB  
Article
Maps and Fabulations: On Transnationalism, Transformative Pedagogies, and Knowledge Production in Higher Education
by Ninutsa Nadirashvili and Katherine Wimpenny
Soc. Sci. 2025, 14(8), 453; https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci14080453 - 24 Jul 2025
Viewed by 315
Abstract
Higher education has long been subject to feminist critique, contesting traditional practices, with calls for transformative pedagogies that empower marginalised students, address social injustices and promote gender equality. Despite this, most classrooms in Western European universities remain largely unchanged, with educators facing the [...] Read more.
Higher education has long been subject to feminist critique, contesting traditional practices, with calls for transformative pedagogies that empower marginalised students, address social injustices and promote gender equality. Despite this, most classrooms in Western European universities remain largely unchanged, with educators facing the difficulty of imagining and/or enacting decolonial futures within their curricula. However, some progress has been made, particularly the inclusion of transnational scholarship in syllabi and a turn to transformative pedagogies, which allow for alternative ways of interdisciplinary knowing to enter academia. In this paper, we examine this coming together of approaches which promote dialogue and personal reflection to restructure discussions on equality, gender and knowledge production in the ‘classroom’. Using a creative critical account of feminist ethnography conducted at a Western European university, we present and discuss two illustrative vignettes about cultural mapping and critical fabulation, considering how dissonant voices have challenged Western concepts, exemplifying transformative pedagogy working in tandem with transnational thought. Key insights from the study identify approaches for facilitation of more open and richer discussions to reshape staff and student perspectives of gender, equality and knowledge production. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Gender Knowledges and Cultures of Equalities in Global Contexts)
16 pages, 250 KiB  
Article
An Original Socialist Realist Novelist in the Context of the Approach to Religion in Modern Turkish Literature: Kemal Tahir
by Muhammed Hüküm, Muhammet Fatih Kanter and Bedirhan Ünlü
Religions 2025, 16(7), 860; https://doi.org/10.3390/rel16070860 - 3 Jul 2025
Viewed by 408
Abstract
Rationalist thought and positivism, as observed in various Eastern societies, led to significant upheavals in Turkish society concerning entrenched beliefs about the relationship between humanity and the world. These upheavals can be traced through the modernization efforts of the Tanzimat (Reorganization) period (between [...] Read more.
Rationalist thought and positivism, as observed in various Eastern societies, led to significant upheavals in Turkish society concerning entrenched beliefs about the relationship between humanity and the world. These upheavals can be traced through the modernization efforts of the Tanzimat (Reorganization) period (between 1839 and 1896, the period of modernization and renewal in the Ottoman Empire). Although the initial generation of writers and poets during this period did not overtly renounce their connections to tradition, by the onset of the 20th century, a critical perspective towards traditional and religious content in both poetry and novels became evident. In its formative stages, Turkish socialist novels, which evolved under the influence of Russian socialism, were shaped by the classical Marxist interpretation of religion. Consequently, the socialist realist Turkish novel developed a more original character and distanced itself from stereotypical judgments. Kemal Tahir, who occupies a significant role in the realm of Turkish socialist novels, offers insights into the position and function of faith within society, as he transitioned from the classical Marxist paradigm towards a more original understanding. This study investigates the alterations in religious approaches during the Westernization process within Turkish literature and assesses the reflections of this transformation in the novels of Kemal Tahir (1910–1973), one of the preeminent figures of the socialist realist Turkish novel. Full article
15 pages, 239 KiB  
Article
Trinitarian Ontology of Freedom: David C. Schindler’s Philosophy and Theology of Freedom and Its Political Implications
by Petr Macek
Religions 2025, 16(7), 858; https://doi.org/10.3390/rel16070858 - 2 Jul 2025
Viewed by 329
Abstract
Trinitarian ontology represents a dynamic and fast-evolving field of research in the scope of philosophical theology with a focus on the influence of Trinitarian doctrine on the development of the Western philosophical tradition. Within this framework, this article aims to make a probe [...] Read more.
Trinitarian ontology represents a dynamic and fast-evolving field of research in the scope of philosophical theology with a focus on the influence of Trinitarian doctrine on the development of the Western philosophical tradition. Within this framework, this article aims to make a probe into the specific question of freedom within the Christian tradition and Trinitarian teaching. For this purpose, it examines the notion of freedom as it is presented in the work of American philosopher and theologian David C. Schindler. It pursues two lines of argumentation. Firstly, it analyses Schindler’s notion of Christian freedom (as presented in Freedom from Reality and Retrieving Freedom) and brings them into dialogue with other authors grounded in Trinitarian ontology. The key concepts of this part of the paper are the metaphysics of the gift and the primacy of actuality over potency, which both acquire their true meaning in the context of the Trinitarian mystery. The final part of the essay analyses the implications of the Trinitarian ontology of freedom for the life of the political community (as presented in The Politics of the Real and in other texts) and shows how it calls us to the inner of transformation of thought not only at the personal but also at the social level. Here, the full Christian notion of freedom is contrasted with the reductive liberal approach. It analyses the limits of political life based on the autonomy and self-determination of the modern subject and also shows how Schindler’s more original and fuller notion of freedom might contribute to the further development of the project of a Trinitarian ontology and its social and political implications. Full article
22 pages, 480 KiB  
Article
Pojo Chinul’s Contributions to the Philosophy of Forgetting in East Asian Sŏn Buddhism: The Ten Paths to No-Mind
by Sung Ha Yun
Religions 2025, 16(7), 825; https://doi.org/10.3390/rel16070825 - 24 Jun 2025
Viewed by 531
Abstract
This paper explores the role of forgetting in the thought of the Korean Sŏn (Chan in Chin.; Zen in Jpn. 禪) master Chinul (知訥, 1158–1210), situating it within broader East Asian philosophical and Buddhist discourses. While the concept of forgetting has often been [...] Read more.
This paper explores the role of forgetting in the thought of the Korean Sŏn (Chan in Chin.; Zen in Jpn. 禪) master Chinul (知訥, 1158–1210), situating it within broader East Asian philosophical and Buddhist discourses. While the concept of forgetting has often been treated negatively in Western philosophy—as a cognitive failure or loss—this study draws on recent comparative scholarship, including Youru Wang’s reading of Zhuangzi, to show how forgetting can be reframed as a conscious spiritual and philosophical practice. In particular, this paper examines how Chinul integrates the practice of forgetting into a systematic Buddhist framework grounded in no-self (anātman), emptiness (śūnyatā), and the unity of samādhi and prajñā. In Straight Talk on the True Mind (Chinsim chiksŏl 眞心直說), Chinul outlines ten distinct methods for cultivating no-mind by offering interpretations of teachings from various East Asian Chan masters. Through a detailed analysis of Chinul’s Chinsim chiksŏl, this paper argues that forgetting—when understood as the deliberate letting go of discursive thought, deluded conceptualizations, and habitual dualisms—becomes a powerful method for revealing the true mind. Ultimately, Chinul’s philosophy of forgetting offers a unique account of cognitive transformation—one that challenges conventional epistemologies and calls for a reorientation of perception itself. Therefore, Chinul’s teachings on no-mind and forgetting offer a profound understanding of how deconstructing ingrained cognitive habits can lead to the emergence of enlightened awareness, providing valuable insights into the transformative processes at the heart of East Asian Sŏn Buddhist practice. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Soteriological and Ethical Dimensions of Forgetting in Asian Thought)
15 pages, 355 KiB  
Article
The Philosophy of Wine Ethics in the “Jiugao 酒誥” Chapter of the Shangshu 尚書 and the Political Order of the Western Zhou Dynasty
by Shuhao Miao and Fuming Wei
Religions 2025, 16(7), 806; https://doi.org/10.3390/rel16070806 - 20 Jun 2025
Viewed by 383
Abstract
The “Jiugao 酒誥” chapter of the Shangshu 尚書 is a proclamation on wine ethics, ordered by the Duke of Zhou for Kangshu to disseminate among the people. It marks the earliest system of laws and regulations concerning wine usage in Chinese history. In [...] Read more.
The “Jiugao 酒誥” chapter of the Shangshu 尚書 is a proclamation on wine ethics, ordered by the Duke of Zhou for Kangshu to disseminate among the people. It marks the earliest system of laws and regulations concerning wine usage in Chinese history. In this chapter, the Duke of Zhou analyzed drinking from the perspectives of ethical philosophy and political dynamics, closely associating it with ethical codes, moral values, and political order. He criticized King Zhou of Shang for “drunkenness leading to national ruin” and detailed three ethical codes to regulate drinking practices. The Duke of Zhou established the ethical foundation of the Western Zhou Dynasty, incorporating the theory of wine virtue, and constructed its comprehensive political order. This exerted a profoundly lasting impact on Confucius and later Confucian scholars concerning the mandate of heaven and political thought, forming the basis of China’s political and cultural ethos for millennia. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ethical Concerns in Early Confucianism)
19 pages, 10912 KiB  
Article
Influence of the South Asian High and Western Pacific Subtropical High Pressure Systems on the Risk of Heat Stroke in Japan
by Takehiro Morioka, Kenta Tamura and Tomonori Sato
Atmosphere 2025, 16(6), 693; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos16060693 - 8 Jun 2025
Viewed by 1060
Abstract
Weather patterns substantially influence extreme weathers in Japan. Extreme high temperature events can cause serious health problems, including heat stroke. Therefore, understanding weather patterns, along with their impacts on human health, is critically important for developing effective public health measures. This study examines [...] Read more.
Weather patterns substantially influence extreme weathers in Japan. Extreme high temperature events can cause serious health problems, including heat stroke. Therefore, understanding weather patterns, along with their impacts on human health, is critically important for developing effective public health measures. This study examines the impact of weather patterns on heat stroke risk, focusing on a two-tiered high-pressure system (DH: double high) consisting of a lower tropospheric western Pacific subtropical high (WPSH) and an overlapping upper tropospheric South Asian high (SAH), which is thought to cause high-temperature events in Japan. In this study, the self-organizing map technique was utilized to investigate the relationship between pressure patterns and the number of heat stroke patients in four populous cities. The study period covers July and August from 2008 to 2021. The results show that the average number of heat stroke patients in these cities is higher on DH days than on WPSH days in which SAH is absent. The probability of an extremely high daily number of heat stroke patients is more than twice as high on DH days compared to WPSH days. Notably, this result remains true even when WPSH and DH days are compared within the same air temperature range. This is attributable to the higher humidity and stronger solar radiation under DH conditions, which enhances the risk of heat stroke. Large-scale circulation anomalies similar to the Pacific–Japan teleconnection are found on DH days, suggesting that both high humidity and cloudless conditions are among the large-scale features controlled by this teleconnection. Early countermeasures to mitigate heat stroke risk, including advisories for outdoor activities, should be taken when DH-like weather patterns are predicted. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Weather and Climate Extremes: Past, Current and Future)
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17 pages, 4737 KiB  
Article
Soluble Siglec-9 Improves Intestinal Barrier Function in a Mouse Model of Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatohepatitis
by Hisanori Muto, Fumitaka Mizuno, Takashi Honda, Shinya Yokoyama, Taku Tanaka, Kenta Yamamoto, Takanori Ito, Norihiro Imai, Yoji Ishizu, Kiyoshi Sakai, Hideharu Hibi, Masatoshi Ishigami and Hiroki Kawashima
Metabolites 2025, 15(6), 366; https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo15060366 - 30 May 2025
Viewed by 723
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), characterized by liver inflammation, fibrosis, and fat accumulation, can develop into cirrhosis and liver cancer. Despite its increasing prevalence worldwide, there are few established therapies for advanced MASH. We previously demonstrated that stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), characterized by liver inflammation, fibrosis, and fat accumulation, can develop into cirrhosis and liver cancer. Despite its increasing prevalence worldwide, there are few established therapies for advanced MASH. We previously demonstrated that stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth-conditioned media (SHED-CM) exerted therapeutic effects in a MASH mouse model. The gut–liver axis is thought to be associated with liver disease progression, and soluble Siglec-9 (sSiglec-9), an immunoinhibitory receptor, is a key protein in SHED-CM that induces anti-inflammatory macrophages and has intestinal epithelial protective effects. Therefore, we evaluated sSiglec-9’s role in intestinal barrier protection in MASH mice. Methods: We evaluated sSiglec-9 effects on intestinal barrier function using in vitro Caco-2 cell monolayers injured by TNF-α and IFN-γ. For the MASH mouse model, male C57BL/6J mice were given a Western diet and high-sugar solution orally; to induce liver injury, CCl4 was intraperitoneally administered for 12 weeks. Mice were treated weekly with 10 ng/g sSiglec-9 or vehicle. Intestinal permeability was assessed by blood 4 kDa FITC-dextran concentration, and intestinal transcriptomes and liver histology were analyzed. Results: sSiglec-9 decreased intestinal permeability and liver inflammation in MASH mice. sSiglec-9 and SHED-CM reduced 4 kDa FITC-dextran permeability in injured Caco-2 cells, and sSiglec-9 significantly reduced intestinal permeability and modulated expression of 34 intestinal genes. The NAFLD Activity Score indicated significantly reduced inflammation following sSiglec-9 treatment. Conclusions: sSiglec-9 may protect intestinal barrier function by mitigating mucosal inflammation. sSiglec-9 treatment may represent a novel therapeutic approach for MASH via gut–liver axis modulation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Liver Injury and Regeneration—Metabolic Research)
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21 pages, 335 KiB  
Article
Rethinking the Relationship Between Freedom and Benevolence in Liberal Confucianism
by Pinghua Liu
Religions 2025, 16(6), 687; https://doi.org/10.3390/rel16060687 - 27 May 2025
Viewed by 451
Abstract
This paper probes into the intricate nexus between freedom and benevolence within Liberal Confucianism, a prominent intellectual current in the epoch of globalization. Through an exploration of how these two core values are construed and interlinked within the context of Liberal Confucianism, our [...] Read more.
This paper probes into the intricate nexus between freedom and benevolence within Liberal Confucianism, a prominent intellectual current in the epoch of globalization. Through an exploration of how these two core values are construed and interlinked within the context of Liberal Confucianism, our objective is to proffer a more profound comprehension of this philosophical-ethical system. We trace the historical evolution of these concepts in Confucian thought and analyze how Liberal Confucianism reinterprets them in response to modern challenges. Through a comparative analysis with Western liberalism and an examination of their practical implications in contemporary society, we demonstrate that the relationship between freedom and benevolence in Liberal Confucianism holds the potential to contribute to a more harmonious and just global community. Despite facing challenges in cross-cultural adaptation, this exploration of the two-value relationship can provide valuable insights for both academic research and real-world applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Right to Freedom of Religion: Contributions)
24 pages, 387 KiB  
Article
Hearing the Calls: The Need for an Ecumenical Theology of Monasticism and Consecrated Life for the 21st Century
by Evan Bradford Howard
Religions 2025, 16(5), 625; https://doi.org/10.3390/rel16050625 - 15 May 2025
Viewed by 1353
Abstract
In the past sixty years the institutions of religious life (perhaps now more broadly and accurately named “consecrated life”) within the Roman Catholic world have experienced something of a crisis. In the midst of this crisis, many have called for a rethinking of [...] Read more.
In the past sixty years the institutions of religious life (perhaps now more broadly and accurately named “consecrated life”) within the Roman Catholic world have experienced something of a crisis. In the midst of this crisis, many have called for a rethinking of the meaning and practice of consecrated life. During this same period, Protestants have grown ever more interested in forms of committed Christian living appropriate to their own traditions. Furthermore, there is indication that changes in the socio-economic conditions surrounding “Non-Western” monastic traditions are giving rise to a degree of rethinking within their circles. In this article I trace what I identify as a “call”—an accumulating expression of the need for an ecumenical theology of consecrated life for the 21st century—through writings published largely within the past sixty years. I review developments in thought and practice from each tradition in turn. Ultimately, I conclude that there is, in fact, a need for some kind of formal ecumenical and interdisciplinary reflection on the meaning of consecrated life, reflection that has remained incomplete at best for five hundred years. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Christian Monasticism Today: A Search for Identity)
17 pages, 241 KiB  
Article
The Divine Idea of the Self and Contemporary Culture
by Jacob Phillips
Religions 2025, 16(5), 619; https://doi.org/10.3390/rel16050619 - 14 May 2025
Viewed by 475
Abstract
Taking as its point of departure Pope Benedict XVI’s comment that ‘[e]ach of us is the result of a thought of God’, this article explores how the divine idea of the self bears promise for enabling a Catholic theological response to certain features [...] Read more.
Taking as its point of departure Pope Benedict XVI’s comment that ‘[e]ach of us is the result of a thought of God’, this article explores how the divine idea of the self bears promise for enabling a Catholic theological response to certain features of contemporary Western culture. This cultural setting is discussed first, using the interpretations of Philip Rieff and Carl R. Trueman, and their conceptualities of ‘psychological man’ and ‘expressive individualism’. The dominant contemporary view of human identity thus presented is markedly individualistic, being focused on an inward sense of self. The dominant approach to human meaning is similarly individualistic, being the satisfaction or expression of that sense of self. While both Rieff and Trueman point to a widespread loss of religious faith as pivotally important to for the emergence of these cultural paradigms, they mostly leave aside questions regarding the truth claims of specific religions in responding to them. Secondly, the scholastic doctrine of the divine ideas is discussed, with a view to presenting an alternative approach to human identity and meaning based on the contention that each human person ‘is the result of a thought of God’. Thirdly, the article concludes by drawing out the notions of identity and meaning implied by this doctrine, along with its inextricable relation to a specifically Catholic understanding of God. This understanding includes within it a distinct approach to human sociality in Christ, which answers directly to the individualism of contemporary culture, as outlined by Rieff and Trueman. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Catholic Theologies of Culture)
15 pages, 435 KiB  
Article
Buddhism’s Oldest History Revisited: A New Text of the Dīpavaṃsa
by Kyungrae Kim and Andrew Skilton
Religions 2025, 16(5), 593; https://doi.org/10.3390/rel16050593 - 4 May 2025
Viewed by 463
Abstract
The Dīpavaṃsa (Dīp), the first historical account of the Buddhist religion that has survived in Pali, is widely known through Oldenberg’s late-19th century edition (designated hereafter O). The editor himself admitted it was faulty due to the quality of his Sri [...] Read more.
The Dīpavaṃsa (Dīp), the first historical account of the Buddhist religion that has survived in Pali, is widely known through Oldenberg’s late-19th century edition (designated hereafter O). The editor himself admitted it was faulty due to the quality of his Sri Lankan manuscript sources, all of which he thought were derived from a faulty Burmese exemplar. This problematic edition prompted new printed editions of Dīp in Sri Lanka and Myanmar in the 1920s, but Western scholarship established it as a ‘problem’ text, and it was thus generally neglected in favour of the later Mahāvaṃsa. A new edition of Dīp has long been a desideratum, and in 2004 Frasch pointed out the existence of a Burmese manuscript of a different text of the work, which, for the purposes of the present discussion, we designate B1. The present authors identified two further mss. of this version and have begun editing a new edition based on this in comparison to Oldenberg and other Burmese mss. The Burmese sources reveal an occasionally faulty but widely disseminated text, designated B2, that is not dissimilar to O, plus the rather ‘better’ text of B1. In addition, we have also identified the so-called ‘Dīpavaṃsa-ṭīkā’, properly named the Sāsanajotikā, as a commentary on B1 by the major 19th century Burmese scholar Jāgara. The present article will give details of this analysis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Old Texts, New Insights: Exploring Buddhist Manuscripts)
18 pages, 343 KiB  
Article
Fanaticism and the Zhuangzi: The Discursive Conditions for Unhealthy Commitments
by Daniel Sarafinas
Religions 2025, 16(5), 560; https://doi.org/10.3390/rel16050560 - 27 Apr 2025
Viewed by 401
Abstract
This article utilizes the Zhuangzi’s critical approach to language to expand contemporary discourse on the philosophy of fanaticism beyond the conceptual categories derived from European Enlightenment-era critiques of religious and political fanaticism. Recognizing some of the problematic tendencies that stem from the [...] Read more.
This article utilizes the Zhuangzi’s critical approach to language to expand contemporary discourse on the philosophy of fanaticism beyond the conceptual categories derived from European Enlightenment-era critiques of religious and political fanaticism. Recognizing some of the problematic tendencies that stem from the method of comparison itself, an articulation of a post-comparative paradigm is proposed, which emphasizes approaches from non-Western sources that are not predicated upon the comparison of similarities or differences with Western sources. The main body of this article explicates the Zhuangzi’s critiques of a linguistically and discursively conditioned fanaticism. These critiques focus on the following: (1) the interdependence of binary linguistic terms that constitute shifei discourse; (2) semiotic chains of cascading distinctions that confound attempts to ground shifei judgements; and (3) the relationship between unhealthy forms of language, thought, and anxieties and a discursively conditioned fanaticism. This article concludes with a brief reflection on how the Zhuangzi’s critiques of a linguistically and discursively conditioned fanaticism might open discourse on the philosophy of fanaticism in more ways than by merely adding a token Chinese voice. Full article
17 pages, 4568 KiB  
Article
Research on the Construction and Sustainable Development of Cave Dwellings in Mogou Village, Mengzhou City
by Wenhao Feng and Ying Meng
Buildings 2025, 15(9), 1460; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings15091460 - 25 Apr 2025
Viewed by 421
Abstract
Cave dwellings in the Loess Plateau and western Henan region are ancient architectural forms that offer significant potential for rural revitalization and cultural heritage preservation. This study examines their role in Mogou Village through field surveys and mathematical analysis, highlighting their contributions to [...] Read more.
Cave dwellings in the Loess Plateau and western Henan region are ancient architectural forms that offer significant potential for rural revitalization and cultural heritage preservation. This study examines their role in Mogou Village through field surveys and mathematical analysis, highlighting their contributions to urban–rural integration, rural tourism, and cultural sustainability. Key findings include the mean radiant temperature (MRT) in cave dwellings remaining stable between 22.7–25.9 °C, facilitating lower indoor temperatures in summer. These dwellings maintain an APMV within the Class I thermal environment (−0.5 ≤ APMV ≤ 0.5), achieving a 90% satisfaction rate for thermal comfort. Despite excellent thermal insulation, improvements in ventilation design are necessary. Moreover, cave dwellings attract urban residents, fostering urban–rural integration and rural tourism development. They also preserve cultural heritage through traditional construction techniques and philosophical thought. Preserving local characteristics while protecting traditions is essential for social harmony, economic development, and cultural inheritance, supporting sustainable urban–rural integration. Full article
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12 pages, 302 KiB  
Article
Self-Transcendence and Its Discontents: Criticisms and Defences of the Zhuangzi in Wei-Jin Thought and Their Modern Significance
by Benjamin Coles
Religions 2025, 16(4), 515; https://doi.org/10.3390/rel16040515 - 16 Apr 2025
Viewed by 554
Abstract
Although the Zhuangzi is mentioned in late Warring States and Han Dynasty texts, it was in the post-Han Wei-Jin period that it first exerted a significant influence on intellectual life, becoming a central target for both praise and criticism, much of which focused [...] Read more.
Although the Zhuangzi is mentioned in late Warring States and Han Dynasty texts, it was in the post-Han Wei-Jin period that it first exerted a significant influence on intellectual life, becoming a central target for both praise and criticism, much of which focused on its transcendent attitude toward Confucian social values and secular interests. This paper examines these discussions, focusing on criticisms from the pragmatically minded realist Confucian literati of the period, who largely regarded the text as detaching and distracting scholars from the pressing needs of the state and responses from the more sympathetic and idealist “Neo-Daoist” figures of the Dark Learning (xuanxue) movement. For the latter, the spiritual self-transcendence that could be found in the Zhuangzi text was not only a source of personal satisfaction and joy but also served an important function in Confucian ethics, leading readers to transcend narrow obsession with individual self-interest, political power and social status. While these debates express the state of Chinese society after the collapse of the Han Dynasty, they have also been seen as reflecting wider issues that have become prominent in modern Western philosophical and religious thought, notably the concept of nihilism, an association that is here critically assessed in detail. Full article
27 pages, 5034 KiB  
Article
Reality, Truth, and Detachment: Comparing Buddhist Thought with Western Philosophy and Science
by Aldo Stella and Federico Divino
Philosophies 2025, 10(2), 43; https://doi.org/10.3390/philosophies10020043 - 9 Apr 2025
Viewed by 1188
Abstract
The present work, employing the tools provided by comparative philosophy, aims to address several fundamental concepts, including the theme of objective reality linked to the theme of subjective experience, and the theme of absolute truth connected to the issue of determined or phenomenal [...] Read more.
The present work, employing the tools provided by comparative philosophy, aims to address several fundamental concepts, including the theme of objective reality linked to the theme of subjective experience, and the theme of absolute truth connected to the issue of determined or phenomenal truths. The focal point to be highlighted is that these conceptual nodes indeed appear in early Buddhist philosophy found in the Pāli canon but find significant resonance in Western philosophy, that is, in reflective and critical thought originating in ancient Greece. As an eminently theoretical work, this paper’s objective is to demonstrate how the main assertions found in Buddhist philosophy, primarily the outcome of striking insights expressed through iconic stylistic elements or aphorisms, are articulated through reasoned arguments in Western philosophy. We have endeavored to distill these arguments precisely to elucidate the shared theoretical intention. Full article
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