Search Results (57)

Background/Objectives: Insomnia is common among adolescents and is associated with emotional, behavioral, and academic difficulties. Although high rates have been reported globally, evidence in Latin America—particularly in Peru—remains limited and heterogeneous. Many previous studies relied on small samples, descriptive designs, omitted key psychosocial variables, or were conducted during early pandemic waves, despite the rise in sleep disturbances following COVID-19 restrictions. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of insomnia and identify associated factors among adolescents in northern Peru. Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted using secondary data from students attending five schools in Lambayeque, Peru. Insomnia was assessed using the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI). Sociodemographic, psychosocial, behavioral, and health-related variables—including self-esteem, family dysfunction, eating disorders, acne severity, mental health help-seeking, and digital behavior—were evaluated. Generalized linear models estimated prevalence ratios (PRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: Among 1313 adolescents (54.3% male; mean age 14.6 years), the prevalence of insomnia was 38.9% (95% CI: 36.1–41.5). In adjusted analyses, insomnia was associated with urban residence, non-Catholic religion, seeking mental health support, high social media use, internet use of 6–10 h/day, low self-esteem, eating disorders, greater acne severity, and experiencing the death of a family member due to COVID-19. Conclusions: Nearly four in ten adolescents reported insomnia, influenced by sociodemographic, psychosocial, and lifestyle-related factors. These findings provide updated post-pandemic evidence for the Peruvian context and highlight the multifactorial nature of adolescent insomnia. Further research is needed to clarify causal pathways and understand the long-term mental health implications of large-scale stressors such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Full article

Background/Objectives: To assess the mental health of Chinese college students following the lifting of COVID-19 restrictions in December 2022. Methods: A three-wave cross-sectional study was conducted among students from 22 colleges in Guangdong, China, at three time points: Onset of COVID-19 (February 2020; T1; initial survey wave), during restrictions (June 2021; T2), and after restrictions (March to April 2023; T3). Participants at each wave were 164,101, 86,767, and 130,285, respectively. The standardized prevalence rates of depression, suicidal ideation (SI), anxiety, insomnia, acute stress, and fear of COVID-19 after restrictions were compared with those from the initial survey wave and restriction periods. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify associated risk factors. Results: After restrictions were lifted, standardized prevalence rates of mental symptoms were as follows: anxiety (13.5%), depression (19.9%), insomnia (11.8%), acute stress (19.7%), fear of COVID-19 (16.2%), and suicidal ideation (31.8%). The standardized prevalence rates at T3 were higher than those at T1, with absolute increases of 10.9% for anxiety, 13.9% for depression, 9.1% for insomnia, and 23.5% for suicidal ideation. Acute stress showed a V-shaped pattern, with lower prevalence during the restriction period compared to T1, followed by an increase at T3. Fear of COVID-19 declined after the initial phase and remained stable. Students with a history of infection, those perceiving greater pandemic impact, and those who either neglected or excessively engaged in protective behaviors were at elevated risk for mental health symptoms. Conclusions: Our findings highlight the long-term adverse effects of the pandemic at the population level on Chinese college students’ mental health. Continuous monitoring, early prevention, and accessible mental health care should be prioritized in the coming years. Full article

Long COVID (LC) may involve endocrine dysfunction; however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. To examine hypothalamic–pituitary responses in patients with LC, we conducted a single-center retrospective study of patients with refractory LC referred to our University Hospital who underwent anterior pituitary stimulation tests. Between February 2021 and November 2025, 1251 patients with long COVID were evaluated, of whom 207 (19%) had relatively low random ACTH or cortisol levels. Ultimately, 16 underwent anterior pituitary stimulation tests and were included. All tests were performed in an inpatient setting without exogenous steroids. Fifteen patients (six women, mean age 35.6 years) underwent corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH), and gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) tests. All patients had mild acute COVID-19, eight had ≥2 vaccinations, and the mean interval from infection was 343 days. Frequent symptoms included fatigue (100%), insomnia (66.7%), headache (60.0%), anorexia/nausea (40.0%), and brain fog (40.0%). Mean early-morning cortisol and 24 h urinary free cortisol were 7.5 μg/dL and 41.0 μg/day, respectively. MRI showed an empty sella in one case. Peak hormonal responses were preserved (ΔACTH 247%, ΔTSH 918%, ΔPRL 820%, ΔFSH 187%, ΔLH 1150%); however, peaks were delayed beyond 60 min in ACTH (13%), LH (33%), and FSH (87%). Notably, significantly delayed elevations remained at 120 min in the responses of TSH (4.1-fold), PRL (1.8-fold), LH (9.3-fold), and FSH (2.8-fold), suggesting possible hypothalamic involvement, particularly in the gonadotropin responses. Additionally, serum IGF-I was lowered (−0.70 SD), while GH response (mean peak 35.5 ng/mL) was preserved by growth hormone-releasing peptide (GHRP)-2 stimulation. Low-dose hydrocortisone and testosterone were initiated for three patients. Although direct viral effects and secondary suppression have been proposed, our findings may suggest that, at least in part, the observed response characteristics are consistent with functional secondary hypothalamic dysfunction rather than irreversible primary injury. These findings highlight the need for objective endocrine evaluation before initiating hormone replacements. Full article

Background: Prehospital emergency professionals are exposed to high psychosocial demands that may impact their mental health, but pre-COVID-19 baseline data from Spanish services are scarce. This study aimed to assess the general health and psychosocial risk factors in a regional prehospital emergency service before the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional descriptive study (September–December 2019) including 51 physicians, nurses, and emergency medical technicians working at the 061 Health Emergency Center in Granada (Andalusia, Spain). General health and chronic problems were assessed with the Goldberg General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28/CGHQ-28), and work-related psychosocial risks were evaluated using the COPSOQ-ISTAS21 questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, group comparisons, and exploratory Spearman correlations between health indicators and psychosocial dimensions were performed. Results: Most participants reported good self-perceived general health, but the chronic coding of the GHQ (CGHQ-28) indicated long-term difficulties mainly related to social dysfunction, somatic symptoms, and anxiety/insomnia. Exposure to unfavorable psychosocial risk was frequent, particularly in psychological demands, double presence (work–family conflict), and low esteem, with intermediate–unfavorable patterns in active job/development, insecurity, and social support/leadership. Exploratory correlations suggested that double presence was the psychosocial factor most consistently associated with chronic distress. Conclusions: In this pre-COVID-19 cohort of prehospital emergency professionals, good perceived general health coexisted with chronic psychological strain and high exposure to adverse psychosocial work factors. These findings support the need for organizational measures to reduce psychological demands and work–family conflict and to strengthen social support and leadership in prehospital emergency teams. Full article

Insomnia and depression are severe sequelae of COVID-19 and often occur simultaneously. Our study examined associations of insomnia and/or depression with cognitive impairments, white matter changes, and serum biomarkers. In total, 76 long COVID patients and 22 healthy controls were examined using neuropsychiatric (ISI, HADS, and HDRS) and cognitive (MoCA, Stroop, WMT, and TMT) tests, with their blood biomarkers (anti-SARS-CoV-2, BDNF, anti-S100, anti-MBP, and anti-PLP) investigated, and underwent MRI using macromolecular proton fraction (MPF) mapping to quantify myelination. The Insomnia (n = 14), Depression (n = 12), InsDep (comorbid insomnia–depression, n = 13), and PostCovid (long COVID without depression and insomnia, n = 32) groups were identified based on psychiatric/neurological diagnoses and neuropsychiatric assessment. Cognitive performance was most affected in the Insomnia group in the MoCA and CW Stroop tests. The Depression group underperformed in the TMT and W Stroop task; the InsDep group underperformed in the WMT. The Insomnia group showed the greatest demyelination, affecting commissural (CC and tapetum), projection (CR, IC, CST, cerebral peduncles, CP, and ML), and some association pathways (SLF, SFOF), as well as most juxtacortical regions, the thalamus, and the midbrain; these changes correlated with insomnia severity. The Depression and InsDep groups showed smaller but significant overall demyelination correlated with depression severity. The Depression group exhibited the highest MPF decrease in the globus pallidus, putamen, and external capsule, while the InsDep group demonstrated the highest demyelination of the association pathways IFOF, UF, and cingulum. The anti-PLP levels were the highest in the Insomnia group and correlated with both the persistence of insomnia/depression symptoms and demyelination. Demyelination in long COVID is associated with high levels of myelin-specific autoantibodies, but symptoms of insomnia and/or depression are associated with demyelination of a different set of brain structures. Full article

Background/Objectives: Sleep disturbances are recognized as a common feature of Long COVID but detailed investigation into the specific nature of these sleep symptoms remain limited. This study analyzes comprehensive sleep questionnaire data from a Long COVID clinic to better characterize the nature and prevalence of sleep complaints in this population. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 200 adults referred to the Stanford Long COVID Clinic. Patients completed an intake questionnaire including three sleep-related items (unrefreshing sleep, insomnia, daytime sleepiness) rated on a 0–5 Likert scale. Additionally, patients completed the Alliance Sleep Questionnaire (ASQ), incorporating the Insomnia Severity Index, Epworth Sleepiness Scale, reduced Morningness–Eveningness Questionnaire, and modules for parasomnia, restless legs, and breathing symptoms. We calculated the prevalence of six sleep symptom domains. Standardized symptom data were analyzed using principal component analysis (PCA) and K-means clustering (k = 2) to explore latent phenotypes and used logistic regression to assess associations between demographic and clinical variables and each sleep complaint. Results: Sleep-related breathing complaints affected 57.5% of participants, insomnia 42.5%, and excessive daytime sleepiness 28.5%. Parallel analysis supported a nine-factor structure explaining ~90% of variance, with varimax rotation yielding interpretable domains such as insomnia/unrefreshing sleep, fatigue/post-exertional malaise, parasomnias, and respiratory symptoms. Gaussian mixture modeling favored a two-cluster solution (n = 94 and n = 106); one cluster represented a higher-burden phenotype characterized by greater BMI, insomnia, daytime sleepiness, gastrointestinal symptoms, and parasomnias. Logistic models using factor scores predicted insomnia with high accuracy (AUC = 0.90), EDS moderately well (AUC = 0.81), but extreme chronotype poorly (AUC = 0.39). In adjusted models, hospitalization during acute COVID-19 was significantly associated with insomnia (OR 4.41; 95% CI 1.27–15.36). Participants identifying as multiracial had higher odds of insomnia (OR 3.22; 95% CI 1.00–10.34), though this narrowly missed statistical significance. No other predictors were significant. Conclusions: Sleep disturbances are frequent and diverse in Long COVID. Factor analysis showed overlapping domains, while clustering identified a higher-burden phenotype marked by more severe sleep and systemic complaints. Symptom-based screening may help target those at greatest risk. Full article

Background/Objective: Insomnia is a clinically important symptom in Long COVID; however, few studies have addressed the presentation and course of insomnia symptoms in patients with Long COVID. Methods: The Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) was administered as part of a comprehensive baseline neuropsychological evaluation (Time 1) for patients with Long COVID at an Academic Medical Center (AMC). Data were gathered on 172 consecutively referred patients between the dates of November 2020 and May 2022. The mean age of patients at Time 1 was 49 years (range: 18 to 78), with a mean of 15 years of education. Patients were 70% female and 30% male and identified as White/Caucasian (78%), Black/African American (21%), or American Indian (1%). Patients’ severity of COVID-19 infection and self-reported emotional, somatic, cognitive, and fatigue symptoms were also gathered to identify concomitant risk factors for insomnia in Long COVID. Patients were then followed to observe the natural trajectory of insomnia complaints in Long COVID, with the Time 2 evaluation a mean of 9 months after the Time 1 evaluation. Results: Seventy-eight percent of Long COVID patients reported insomnia symptoms at Time 1, with 30% reporting Subthreshold Insomnia symptoms (ISI Score = 8–14), 30% reporting Moderate Insomnia symptoms (ISI Score = 15–21), and 18% reporting Severe Clinical Insomnia (ISI Score = 22–28). Severity of acute COVID-19 infection was not correlated with severity of insomnia in Long COVID; however, being non-white (r = 0.24, n = 172, p < 0.01) and having higher self-reported levels of anxiety (r = 0.41, n = 172, p < 0.01), depression (r = 0.52, n = 172, p < 0.01), perceived stress (r = 0.38, n = 172, p < 0.01), somatic symptoms (r = 0.51, n = 172, p < 0.01), cognitive failures, and fatigue were significantly correlated with insomnia symptoms. Insomnia was also significantly correlated with lower global cognitive function (r = 0.51, n = 172, p < 0.01) and lower cognitive flexibility (r = −0.17, n = 172, p < 0.05). There was a statistically significant decrease in reported ISI scores from Time 1 to Time 2 (t = −3.04; p = 0.003); however, ISI mean scores at both Time 1 (ISI Score = 14) and Time 2 (ISI Score = 12) remained in the Subthreshold Insomnia range (ISI score 8–14). Conclusions: Findings suggest that a large majority of Long COVID patients experience insomnia symptoms. Additionally, insomnia symptoms did not dissipate over time in a clinically meaningful way and were highly correlated with reduced global cognitive function, reduced cognitive flexibility, and higher levels of reported mood symptoms, fatigue, somatic symptoms, and experience of cognitive failures. Thus, there is a pressing need for intervention strategies to treat insomnia in Long COVID patients. Full article

The mental and physical health of college students, especially in urban environments like Shanghai, is crucial given the high academic and urban stressors, which were intensified by the COVID-19 lockdown. Prior research has shown gender differences in health impacts during public health crises, with females often more vulnerable to mental health issues. Objective: This study aimed to comprehensively assess the physical and psychological health of Chinese college students post-lockdown, focusing on the relationship between stress, anxiety, depression, sleep patterns, and physical health, with a particular emphasis on gender differences. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study involving 116 students in Shanghai, utilizing psychological scales (HAMA, IPAQ, PSQI, SDS, FS 14, PSS, SF-36) and physical fitness tests (resting heart rate, blood pressure, hand grip, forced vital capacity, standing long jump, sit-and-reach, one-minute sit-up test and the one-minute squat test, single-leg stand test with eyes closed), to analyze health and behavior during the pandemic lockdown. All students have undergone the same life habits during the pandemic. Results: The HAMA scores indicated no significant levels of physical or mental anxiety. The PSS results (42.45 ± 8.93) reflected a high overall stress level. Furthermore, the PSQI scores (5.4 ± 2.91) suggested that the participants experienced mild insomnia. The IPAQ scores indicated higher levels of job-related activity (1261.49 ± 2144.58), transportation activity (1253.65 ± 987.57), walking intensity (1580.78 ± 1412.20), and moderate-intensity activity (1353.03 ± 1675.27) among college students following the lockdown. Hand grip strength (right) (p = 0.001), sit-and-reach test (p = 0.001), standing long jump (p = 0.001), and HAMA total score (p = 0.033) showed significant differences between males and females. Three principal components were identified in males: HAMA, FS14, and PSQI, explaining a total variance of 70.473%. Similarly, three principal components were extracted in females: HAMA, PSQI, and FS14, explaining a total variance of 69.100%. Conclusions: Our study underscores the complex interplay between physical activity (PA), mental health, and quality of life, emphasizing the need for gender-specific interventions. The persistent high stress, poor sleep quality, and reduced PA levels call for a reorganized teaching schedule to enhance student well-being without increasing academic pressure. Full article

Background: Since the pathophysiology of long COVID is not yet fully understood, there are no specific methods for its treatment; however, its individual symptoms can currently be treated. Long COVID is characterized by symptoms that persist at least 2 to 3 months after contracting COVID-19, although it is difficult to predict how long such symptoms may persist. Methods: In the present study, 774 patients who first visited our outpatient clinic during the Omicron period from February 2022 to October 2024 were divided into two groups: the early recovery (ER) group (370 cases; 47.8%), who recovered in less than 180 days (median 33 days), and the persistent-symptom (PS) group (404 cases; 52.2%), who had symptoms that persisted for more than 180 days (median 437 days). The differences in clinical characteristics between these two groups were evaluated. Results: Although the median age of the two groups did not significantly differ (40 and 42 in ER and PS groups, respectively), the ratio of female patients was significantly higher in the PS group than the ER group (59.4% vs. 47.3%). There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of the period after infection, habits, BMI, severity of COVID-19, and vaccination history. Notably, at the first visit, female patients in the PS group had a significantly higher rate of complaints of fatigue, insomnia, memory disturbance, and paresthesia, while male patients in the PS group showed significantly higher rates of fatigue and headache complaints. Patients with more than three symptoms at the first visit were predominant in the PS groups in both genders. Notably, one to two symptoms were predominant in the male ER group, while two to three symptoms were mostly reported in the female PS group. Moreover, the patients in the PS group had significantly higher scores for physical and mental fatigue and for depressive symptoms. Conclusions: Collectively, these results suggest that long-lasting long COVID is related to the number of symptoms and presents gender-dependent differences. Full article

Background/Objectives: Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) is a debilitating condition with not fully understood causes, though evidence points to immune system involvement and possible autoimmunity. ME/CFS could be triggered by various infectious pathogens, like SARS-CoV-2; furthermore, a subset of the post-COVID-19 condition (PCC) patients fulfill the diagnostic criteria of ME/CFS. According to the Canadian Consensus Criteria (CCC), the presence of specific symptoms such as fatigue, post-exertional malaise, sleep dysfunction, pain, neurological/cognitive manifestations, and symptoms from at least two of the following categories lead to the diagnosis of ME/CFS: autonomic, neuroendocrine, and immune manifestation. In this study, the patient selection was based on the identification of ME/CFS patients with elevated autoantibodies, regardless of the triggering factor of their condition. Methods: The aim of this study was to identify ME/CFS patients among long COVID patients with elevated autoantibodies. In seven cases, plasmapheresis (PE) and intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIGs) with repetitive autoantibody measurements were applied: four PE sessions on days 1, 5, 30, and 60, and a low-dose IVIG therapy after each treatment. Antibodies were measured before the first PE and two weeks after the last PE session. To monitor clinical outcomes, the following somatic and psychometric follow-up assessments were conducted before the first PE, 2 weeks after the second, and 2 weeks after the last PE: the Schellong test, ISI (insomnia), FSS (fatigue), HADS (depression and anxiety), and EQ-5D-5L (quality of life) questionnaires. Results: There was a negative association between both the β2-adrenergic and M3-muscarinic receptor autoantibody concentration and the quality of life measurements assessed with the EQ-5D-5L questionnaire. Per 1 U/mL increase in the concentration levels of β2-adrenergic receptor antibodies or M3-muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antibodies, the EQ-5D-5L index score [−0.59 to 1] decreased by 0.01 (0.63%) or 0.02 (1.26%), respectively. There were no significant associations between the ISI, HADS, and FSS questionnaires and the β1-adrenergic and M4-muscarinic receptor antibodies titers. Conclusions: After a thorough selection of patients with present autoantibodies, this pilot study found negative associations concerning autoantibody concentration and somatic, as well as psychological wellbeing. To validate these promising feasibility study results—indicating the potential therapeutic potential of antibody-lowering methods—further investigation with larger sample sizes is needed. Full article

Objectives: To compare the health status, exercise capacity, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in survivors of COVID-19-associated acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) at 8, 12, and 24 months post-diagnosis. Methods: We conducted a prospective, single-center follow-up study embedded within a larger multicenter cohort of adults with COVID-19 who required hospital admission. Eligible participants underwent clinical interviews, physical examinations, chest radiography, and the 6-min walk test (6MWT). Standardized scales were used to assess post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety, depression, and HRQoL. Results: Out of 1295 patients with COVID-19, 365 developed ARDS, of whom 166 survived. After excluding deaths and loss to follow-up, 95 patients were monitored for 24 months. Over 60% of patients had persistent symptoms, though significant improvements were recorded in quality of life and physical recovery. More than 70% recovered their previous physical capacity, but 15% did not return to their usual lifestyle habits. Symptoms such as arthralgia and fatigue decreased, but cognitive issues, such as memory loss and insomnia, persisted. Radiological improvements were noted, although pulmonary function remained impaired. The prevalence of PTSD and anxiety decreased, while depression remained stable at around 30%. Conclusions: Long COVID continues to impose significant physical, mental, and social challenges. Symptoms like fatigue and anxiety have a profound impact on daily life. Strategies are urgently needed to help patients regain health and resume their normal lives. Full article

This study aimed to evaluate the type, frequency, onset, and recovery duration of neurological symptoms caused by COVID-19, including newly emerging post-COVID-19 neurological findings, to contribute to improved prognosis and follow-up strategies. A total of 110 COVID-19 patients hospitalized with positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR tests (24 December 2021–10 March 2022) were prospectively assessed. Neurological symptoms during hospitalization and at 1, 3, and 6 months post-discharge were documented, with all findings confirmed by a neurologist. The time of symptom onset was recorded for each patient. Fatigue (75.5%) was the most common symptom, lasting 10.43 weeks on average, followed by myalgia (57.3%, 4.29 weeks) and headache (56.4%, 3.35 weeks). Forgetfulness persisted the longest (22.03 weeks). Headache and myalgia were more frequent in women, while symptoms like dizziness, insomnia, and nausea/vomiting were more common in patients aged ≤50. No significant differences in symptom duration were observed based on age or gender. Neurological symptoms, such as fatigue, headache, myalgia, and forgetfulness, were prevalent in both the acute and post-COVID-19 phases. The study underscores the importance of systematic neurological monitoring and the development of individualized follow-up strategies to manage long-term neurological effects and improve patient outcomes. Full article

Objective: Since the lifting of the COVID-19 restrictions in China in November 2022, there has been a notable surge in the COVID-19 infection rate. Little is known about the prevalence of long COVID among the general adult population and its impact on COVID-19-related worries and behaviors after the policy change. Methods: This cross-sectional study recruited 1530 adults with prior COVID-19 infection in Guangzhou from February to March 2023. Logistic regression analyses and trend analyses were performed to investigate the associations between long COVID- and COVID-19-related worries and preventive behaviors. Results: The estimated prevalence of long COVID among adults in China was 18.0% (95% confidence interval: 16.1% to 20.0%). Common long COVID symptoms included cough (60.7%), fatigue (47.6%), dyspnea (34.5%), palpitation (26.2%), and insomnia (25.1%). Adjusted for background variables, individuals with long COVID exhibited higher level of COVID-19-related worries compared to those who had fully recovered from the infection (reference: without long COVID; adjusted odds ratios ranged from 1.87 to 2.55, all p values < 0.001). Participants primarily expressed worries regarding the potential for COVID-19 reinfection, the impact of the pandemic on daily life, the increasing number of COVID-19 cases and deaths, and the capacity of the healthcare system. While long COVID did not statistically significantly affect their preventive behaviors. Conclusions: Long COVID was prevalent among the general adult population in China after lifting the COVID-19 restrictions, and it had a significant impact on COVID-19-related worries. This study highlights the importance of monitoring the mental health of individuals with long COVID and developing targeted intervention strategies to improve their adherence to preventive measures. Full article

Background: COVID-19 infection can have a protracted course in many survivors, with varied sociodemographic and medical characteristics, exhibiting a plethora of symptoms that have consequential impacts on their quality of life. This study sought to gather pertinent data about the prevalence of Long-Haul COVID (LC), the predisposing factors to this condition and the burden on the quality of life of Mauritian survivors. Research Setting: A cross-sectional study was performed using an adapted online questionnaire, using two definitions of Long COVID, namely the WHO and NICE, SIGN and RCGP definitions. Associations between LC and categorical variables were employed to explore relationships between LC and ratio (FAS, FSS, PCS-12, MCS-12) variables. Simple and multivariable logistic regression models were used to assess the predictors and outcomes associated with LC. Findings: Of 285 Mauritians with a confirmed history of COVID-19 infection, 64.2% developed Long COVID (WHO LC-38.9%, NICE, SIGN and RCGP LC-55.8%). The most prevalent symptoms were fatigue or muscle weakness (88.0%), cough (57.4%), difficulty concentrating (55.2%), trouble remembering or memorising (49.7%), insomnia or sleep disturbance (43.7%), amongst others. Statistically significant associations were determined between LC and age, gender, vaccination status, severity of acute illness, reinfections, self-perception of disease and having more than five acute symptoms. Long COVID positively correlated with fatigue. Both Long COVID and severe fatigue (F = 73.266, p < 0.001) negatively impacted PCS-12. Fatigue had no significant impact on MCS-12. Conclusions: This study demonstrated the presence of Long COVID in the Mauritian population. Long COVID manifests as a complex and long-lasting affliction that affects even young adults with disabling outcomes, owing to multiple lingering symptoms but, most importantly, fatigue. The latter brings about distressing declines in physical and overall quality of life that thump both individual and societal health and productivity. Full article

Introduction: Nurses seem to be persistently experiencing intense psychological repercussions, even after the official conclusion of the COVID-19 pandemic. In this cross-sectional study conducted after the end of the pandemic crisis, from 1 June 2023 to 30 June 2023, we evaluated the levels and explored the associations between anger, insomnia, and resilience among Greek nurses. Methods: A total of 441 nurses participated in an online survey and were invited to state their work experience, gender, and age and to complete the self-report measures of the Dimensions of Anger Reactions-5 (DAR-5), the Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS), and the Brief Resilience Scale (BRS). Results: Overall, 62.1% of the participants presented with positive scores on the AIS, and 41.5% displayed positive values on the DAR-5 scale, whereas 24.9% demonstrated scores indicative of low resilience on the BRS. A regression analysis revealed that 23.5% of the variance in the AIS scores can be attributed to the DAR-5 scores and 3% to the BRS scores. A mediation analysis confirmed the protective role of resilience, contributing as a negative mediator in the DAR-5 and AIS relationship. Conclusions: Screening for insomnia symptoms and anger issues among nurses after the end of the pandemic and implementing appropriate interventions is considered imperative to avoid long-term health consequences. Full article