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Study of Hydrological Mechanisms: Floods and Landslides

A special issue of Water (ISSN 2073-4441). This special issue belongs to the section "Hydrogeology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 July 2025 | Viewed by 923

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Campbelltown City Council, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia
Interests: landslides; floods; hydrology; climate change; hydrogeology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Landslide hydrology and flood hydrology are emerging areas of research that are becoming increasingly important due to the widespread impact of landslides and floods around the globe. These natural disasters have caused significant hardship for affected communities. While many studies have explored the connection between hydrology, landslides, and floods in the past, hydrological processes have often been overlooked in landslide and flood research. This Special Issue aims to address this gap by focusing on key areas related to both landslides and floods, including the following:

  1. The hydrological perspective, examining the role of water in these events.
  2. The dependencies between processes, investigating how different environmental factors interact and influence the occurrence and severity of landslides and floods.
  3. Models that account for uncertainties, inconsistencies, and forecasting challenges in predicting and managing these disasters.

This Special Issue seeks to enhance the understanding of hydrological processes in relation to landslides and floods and improve predictive models and risk management strategies to mitigate their impact.

Dr. Prabin Kayastha
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

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Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • hydology
  • landslides
  • floods
  • numerical model
  • machine learning

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

13 pages, 6387 KiB  
Article
Evolution of a Potentially Dangerous Glacial Lake on the Kanchenjunga Glacier, Nepal, Predictive Flood Models, and Prospective Community Response
by Alton C. Byers, Sonam Rinzin, Elizabeth Byers and Sonam Wangchuk
Water 2025, 17(10), 1457; https://doi.org/10.3390/w17101457 - 12 May 2025
Viewed by 738
Abstract
During a research expedition to the Kanchenjunga Conservation Area (KCA), eastern Nepal, in April–June 2024, local concern was expressed about the rapid development of meltwater ponds upon the terminus of the Kanchenjunga glacier since 2020, especially in terms of the possible formation of [...] Read more.
During a research expedition to the Kanchenjunga Conservation Area (KCA), eastern Nepal, in April–June 2024, local concern was expressed about the rapid development of meltwater ponds upon the terminus of the Kanchenjunga glacier since 2020, especially in terms of the possible formation of a large and potentially dangerous glacial lake. Our resultant study of the issue included informal interviews with local informants, comparison of time series satellite composite images acquired by Sentinel-2 Multispectral Instrument, and modeling of different lake development, outburst flood scenarios, and prospective downstream impacts. Assuming that the future glacial lake will be formed by the merging of present-day supraglacial ponds, filling the low-gradient area beneath the present-day glacier terminal complex, we estimated the potential volume of a Kanchenjunga proglacial lake to be 33 × 106 m3. Potential mass movement-triggered outburst floods would travel downstream distances of almost 120 km even under the small magnitude scenario, and under the worst-case scenario would reach the Indo-Gangetic Plain and cross the border into India, exposing up to 90 buildings and 44 bridges. In response, we suggest that the lower Kanchenjunga glacier region be regularly monitored by both local communities and Kathmandu-based research entities over the next decade. The development of user-friendly early warning systems, hazard mapping and zoning programs, cryospheric hazards awareness building programs, and construction of locally appropriate flood mitigation measures are recommended. Finally, the continued development and refinement of the models presented here could provide governments and remote communities with a set of inexpensive and reliable tools capable of providing the basic information needed for communities to make informed decisions regarding hazard mitigation, adaptive, and/or preventive measures related to changing glaciers. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Study of Hydrological Mechanisms: Floods and Landslides)
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