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Decision-Making Theory and Methodology for Water, Energy and Food Security, 3rd Edition

A special issue of Water (ISSN 2073-4441). This special issue belongs to the section "Water-Energy Nexus".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 21 June 2026 | Viewed by 2719

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
College of Management and Economics, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
Interests: multi-criteria decision making; group decision making; water resource management; conflict analysis; data analysis
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
Institute of Mechanical and Biomechanical Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
Interests: sustainable development; energy sources management; water resource management; group decision making; industrial engineering
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In recent years, the water-energy-food nexus is becoming an increasingly significant and active area of research in economic and management science. Regarding safety, research into water, energy, and food is another important issue, which can be considered multi-criteria decision-making problems. However, there is a lack of studies which consider these concerns from this angle. Theories of decision-making are routinely based on the notion that decision-makers choose alternatives which align with their underlying preferences and, hence, that their preferences can be inferred from their choices. The aim of this Special Issue is to develop various decision-making theories and methodologies for water, energy and food, including evaluation of water supply, waste water management, energy, food risk management, safety management, etc.

Prof. Dr. Yejun Xu
Dr. Carlos Llopis-Albert
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • water-energy-food nexus resource management
  • water resource management
  • water risk analysis
  • safety
  • multi-criteria analysis
  • group decision making

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

34 pages, 5026 KB  
Review
Integrated Passive Cooling Techniques for Energy-Efficient Greenhouses in Hot–Arid Environments: Evidence from a Systematic Review
by Hamza Benzzine, Hicham Labrim, Ibtissam El Aouni, Khalid Bouali, Yasmine Achour, Aouatif Saad, Driss Zejli and Rachid El Bouayadi
Water 2026, 18(4), 463; https://doi.org/10.3390/w18040463 - 11 Feb 2026
Viewed by 2362
Abstract
This systematic review synthesizes passive and passive-first cooling strategies for greenhouses in hot–arid climates, organizing evidence across four domains: Airflow & Ventilation, Shading & Radiative Control, Thermal Storage & Ground Coupling, and Structural Design & Geometry. Drawing on the project corpus, we analyze [...] Read more.
This systematic review synthesizes passive and passive-first cooling strategies for greenhouses in hot–arid climates, organizing evidence across four domains: Airflow & Ventilation, Shading & Radiative Control, Thermal Storage & Ground Coupling, and Structural Design & Geometry. Drawing on the project corpus, we analyze 10–13 distinct techniques including ridge and side natural ventilation, windcatchers and solar chimneys, external shade nets, NIR-selective and transparent radiative-cooling films, and dynamic PV shading; earth-to-air heat exchangers (EAHE/GAHT), rock-bed sensible storage, phase-change materials (PCMs), and sunken or buried envelopes; as well as roof slope and shape, span number, and orientation. Across studies, cooling outcomes are reported as peak or daytime indoor air temperature reductions, defined relative either to outdoor conditions or to a control greenhouse, with the reference frame and temporal aggregation specified in the synthesis. Typical outcomes include ≈3–7 °C daytime reduction for optimized ventilation, ≈2–4 °C for shading and spectral covers while preserving PAR, ≈5–7 °C intake cooling for EAHE with winter pre-heating, and up to ≈14 °C peak attenuation for rock-bed storage under favorable conditions. Structural choices consistently amplify these effects by sustaining pressure head and limiting thermal heterogeneity. Performance is strongly context-dependent—governed by wind regime, diurnal amplitude, dust and UV exposure, and crop-specific light and temperature thresholds—and the most robust results arise from stacked, site-specific designs that combine skin-level radiative rejection, buoyancy-supportive geometry, and ground or latent buffering with minimal active backup. Smart controllers that modulate vents, shading, and targeted fogging or fans based on VPD or temperature differentials improve stability and reduce water and energy use by engaging actuation only when passive capacity is exceeded. We recommend standardized composite metrics encompassing temperature moderation, humidity stability, PAR availability, and water and energy use per unit yield to enable fair cross-study comparison, multi-season validation, and policy adoption. Collectively, the synthesized techniques provide a practical palette for improved greenhouse climate management under hot and arid conditions. Full article
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