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Non-Point Source Pollution and Water Resource Protection
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Non-Point Source Pollution and Water Resource Protection

A special issue of Water (ISSN 2073-4441). This special issue belongs to the section "Water Quality and Contamination".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 May 2025) | Viewed by 4406

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Xia Shen

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
Interests: water resources protection; non-point source pollution; river confluence; ecology and environmental hydraulics; river pollutant
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Non-point source pollution is a major cause of water quality degradation in watersheds. It is caused by pollutants from agricultural production, domestic wastewater, and fertiliser discharges entering water bodies through runoff, soil erosion, and leaching processes. The random and widespread nature of non-point source pollution makes it a challenge to identify, quantify, and manage, posing a major challenge to water resource protection on a global scale. This Special Issue aims to reveal the drivers, quantitative identification methods, spatial and temporal distribution, and modelling improvements of non-point source pollution in watersheds on a global scale. By sharing relevant scientific and technical experiences, our goal is to provide scientific references and technical support for the quantitative identification of non-point source pollution and water resource protection.

In this Special Issue, original research articles and reviews are welcome. The scope of the research focusses on non-point source pollution and may include (but is not limited to) the following:

  • Quantitative distribution of non-point source pollution loads;
  • Risk assessment of drivers;
  • Critical source area identification and risk determination;
  • Best management practices development;
  • Ecological evaluation and restoration of watershed environments;
  • Mechanism of water–nutrient–sediment interaction;
  • Model optimisation and improvement;
  • Multi-process coupled hydrodynamic, ecological, and environmental modelling.

Dr. Xia Shen
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Water is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • non-point source pollution
  • drivers
  • critical source areas
  • best management practices
  • model optimisation
  • water resource protection

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

31 pages, 1410 KiB  
Article
Pesticide Mobility in Surface and Subsurface Irrigation Return Flow in a Container Plant Production System
by Damon E. Abdi, James S. Owen, Jr., P. Christopher Wilson, Francisca O. Hinz, Bert M. Cregg and R. Thomas Fernandez
Water 2025, 17(7), 953; https://doi.org/10.3390/w17070953 - 25 Mar 2025
Viewed by 281
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of irrigation method on the movement of 10 commonly used pesticides in container nursery production. Pesticide transport under three irrigation methods at a nursery engineered to collect irrigation return flow (IRF) from the [...] Read more.
The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of irrigation method on the movement of 10 commonly used pesticides in container nursery production. Pesticide transport under three irrigation methods at a nursery engineered to collect irrigation return flow (IRF) from the production surface and subsurface was determined. Pesticide applications occurred three times throughout the study, followed by a 16-day monitoring period. The irrigation applied and surface and subsurface IRF volumes generated from single irrigation events were measured and subsamples of the IRF water were analyzed to assess pesticide presence. Overhead irrigation served as the control with two microirrigation treatments, one applying a fixed amount of water each day and the other scheduled using substrate moisture sensors. Microirrigation reduced irrigation volume by >75% and surface IRF by up to 100%. Subsurface IRF was similarly reduced by microirrigation, yielding 23–47% lower volumes. Pesticides with greater solubilities and lower adsorption coefficients were more mobile than the inversely characterized compounds, particularly in subsurface IRF. The least soluble pesticides had a reduced presence in surface and, to a larger extent, subsurface IRF. Reductions or elimination of surface IRF by using microirrigation reduced the transport of all pesticides by >90%. Pesticides that had a higher solubility were found in subsurface IRF regardless of irrigation method. This study demonstrates the importance of both the irrigation delivery method and pesticide physiochemical properties on the environmental fate of pesticides in nursery settings. Microirrigation can reduce and often eliminate surface IRF, limiting the movement of pesticides regardless of physiochemical properties; whereas, the selection of pesticides that are less soluble can be an effective way to limit the subsurface movement of pesticides, regardless of irrigation method. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Non-Point Source Pollution and Water Resource Protection)
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17 pages, 3261 KiB  
Article
Characteristics of Suspended Solid Responses to Forest Thinning in Steep Small Headwater Catchments in Coniferous Forest
by Honggeun Lim, Qiwen Li, Byoungki Choi, Hyung Tae Choi and Sooyoun Nam
Water 2024, 16(24), 3610; https://doi.org/10.3390/w16243610 - 15 Dec 2024
Viewed by 3847
Abstract
We examined the responses of suspended solids to forest thinning in steep small headwater catchments, PT (0.8 ha) and PR (0.7 ha), that drain a Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis) plantation forest. Based on a paired-catchment design, the relationship between [...] Read more.
We examined the responses of suspended solids to forest thinning in steep small headwater catchments, PT (0.8 ha) and PR (0.7 ha), that drain a Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis) plantation forest. Based on a paired-catchment design, the relationship between total suspended solids (TSS) and the time differential of water runoff (dQ/dt) indicated a difference in the characteristics of TSS in the rising and falling stages within the initial two years after forest thinning. The relatively high initial TSS responded to the concentration-based first flush criterion in the early stage of the rainfall event concentrated in this initial period after the thinning. The rate of TSS event loads in the PT catchment was 4.3-fold greater than that in the PR catchment within the initial two years after forest thinning. This was induced by the low disturbance of soil surface by forest workers using chainsaws and non-heavy machinery. Three years later, the TSS event loads in the PT catchment appeared to decrease due to trapping and settling by protective vegetation. Therefore, mitigating accelerated TSS events during forest thinning requires appropriate site-specific land preparation, particularly for improving stream water quality in forested catchments. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Non-Point Source Pollution and Water Resource Protection)
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