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Novel Sorbents for Water Treatment

A special issue of Water (ISSN 2073-4441). This special issue belongs to the section "Wastewater Treatment and Reuse".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 May 2026 | Viewed by 611

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Chemical Technology and Environmental Analytics, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Krakow, Poland
Interests: sorbents; sorption; ion-exchange resins; removal of heavy metals; lithium recovery; water and wastewater treatment; oilfield brine
Faculty of Drilling, Oil and Gas, AGH University of Krakow, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
Interests: sorption; desalination; produced water; treatment; lithium recovery; oilfield brine; critical elements

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Water pollution resulting from industrialization, urbanization, and intensified agricultural practices is a growing problem facing communities worldwide. Ensuring access to clean water, which is essential for human health and ecosystem balance, requires innovative and sustainable water treatment solutions. Among the numerous techniques developed for water treatment, sorption is considered one of the most effective, environmentally friendly, and versatile methods. Its advantages include simplicity, cost-effectiveness, high efficiency, and the ability to remove a wide range of contaminants (e.g., heavy metals, pharmaceuticals, pesticides, and dyes). Although many sorbents are already available, the emergence of new pollutants and increasingly stringent discharge regulations drives the search for novel, more durable, effective, and selective solutions, as well as easily regenerable and sustainable sorbents.

The aim of this Special Issue is to present recent progress and innovations in the development, characterization, and application of sorption materials for water treatment. We welcome the submission of original research and review articles on topics related to novel sorbents, such as waste-derived sorbents, biomass-based sorbents, carbon nanotubes and graphene-based sorbents, functionalized sorbents, modified sorbents, sustainable sorbents, and composite sorbent materials designed for removing heavy metals, organic pollutants, dyes, nutrients, and emerging pollutants from water. Studies exploring innovative synthesis routes, surface modification strategies, adsorption mechanisms, kinetics, thermodynamics, and isotherm modeling, as well as research focused on regeneration, large-scale applications, and environmental impact, are encouraged.

Dr. Marta Marszałek
Dr. Ewa Knapik
Guest Editors

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Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • novel sorbent materials
  • sustainable sorbents
  • functionalized sorbents
  • composite sorbent materials
  • adsorption mechanisms, kinetics, and isotherm modeling
  • water treatment
  • emerging pollutants
  • heavy metal removal
  • organic pollutants removal

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

20 pages, 3065 KB  
Article
Rapid Removal of Ibuprofen from Aqueous Solutions by Pyrolysed Rice-Husk Modified with Bacillus cereus Biocomposite
by Jarosław Chwastowski, Patrycja Nowak, Wiktoria Rupar, Julia Wikar and Paweł Staroń
Water 2026, 18(7), 824; https://doi.org/10.3390/w18070824 - 30 Mar 2026
Viewed by 378
Abstract
The presence of pharmaceutical residues, such as ibuprofen, in aquatic environments poses a growing environmental challenge due to their persistence and potential ecotoxicological effects. In this study, a novel biohybrid composite based on pyrolysed rice husk (biochar) modified with Bacillus cereus cells was [...] Read more.
The presence of pharmaceutical residues, such as ibuprofen, in aquatic environments poses a growing environmental challenge due to their persistence and potential ecotoxicological effects. In this study, a novel biohybrid composite based on pyrolysed rice husk (biochar) modified with Bacillus cereus cells was developed for the efficient removal of ibuprofen from aqueous solutions. The material was comprehensively characterised using SEM, BET, TGA, CHN analysis, and FTIR spectroscopy. Pyrolysis significantly increased the surface area (up to 300 m2 g−1) and porosity compared to raw rice husk, while bacterial immobilisation introduced additional functional groups, enhancing surface heterogeneity. Batch adsorption experiments demonstrated a clear improvement in adsorption capacity in the order of rice husk < biochar < composite. The maximum Langmuir adsorption capacities were 4.86, 11.68, and 13.73 mg g−1 for rice husk, biochar, and the composite, respectively. Isotherm modelling indicated that ibuprofen adsorption was best described by the Langmuir and the Freundlich models, suggesting a combination of monolayer adsorption and heterogeneous surface interactions. Isotherm analyses (D–R energy values < 9 kJ mol−1) indicate that ibuprofen removal occurs predominantly through physisorption, governed by π–π interactions, hydrogen bonding, and surface heterogeneity rather than chemisorption. Kinetic studies revealed rapid adsorption behaviour, with pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order models providing the best fit (R2 up to 0.997). The Weber–Morris model confirmed that intraparticle diffusion contributed to the process but was not the sole rate-limiting step. The enhanced performance of the composite is attributed to synergistic effects between physicochemical adsorption on the porous carbon matrix and interactions with bacterial cell wall functional groups. The developed composite represents a low-cost, sustainable, and highly effective material for ibuprofen removal from contaminated water. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Sorbents for Water Treatment)
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