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Water Management and Geohazard Mitigation in a Changing Climate

A special issue of Water (ISSN 2073-4441). This special issue belongs to the section "Water and Climate Change".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 25 June 2026 | Viewed by 6645

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Croatian Geological Survey, Department of Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology, Zagreb, Croatia
Interests: engineering geology; geohazards; remote sensing; environmental engineering; sustainable development; soils; rocks

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Guest Editor
Croatian Geological Survey, Department of Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology, Zagreb, Croatia
Interests: groundwater; modeling hydrogeology; groundwater pollution; groundwater chemistry; groundwater and surface water interaction

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Guest Editor Assistant
Croatian Geological Survey, Department of Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology, Zagreb, Croatia
Interests: hydrogeology; porous media; groundwater management; pumping test; well development; well design

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The growing challenges of water management and geohazard mitigation in a changing climate require focused attention. Water, as a vital resource, becomes increasingly crucial for sustainable development in changing environmental conditions. Geohazard mitigation and management equally represent fundamental aspects of safe and sustainable development. Geohazards vary widely, from climate-change-related hazards (such as droughts, desertification, soil erosion, soil expansion, coastal erosion, sea level rise, etc.) to hydrological hazards (such as river floods, flash floods, land subsidence, etc.) and mass movement hazards (such as falls, topples, slides, spreads, flows, etc.). Most geohazards share a strong dependence on water interactions, creating complex, irregular (often seasonal) patterns that are hard to define. In this sense, a multidisciplinary approach is encouraged and papers that provide insights into this critical topic are welcomed, including site-specific investigations, practical solutions or recommendations, and papers that are oriented to regional aspects, general trend research, and predictive analyses.

Dr. Laszlo Podolszki
Dr. Igor Karlović
Guest Editors

Dr. Kosta Urumović
Guest Editor Assistant

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • water managment
  • geohazards
  • mitigation
  • climate changes
  • sustainable development
  • groundwater
  • monitoring
  • mapping
  • modeling
  • risk assessment
  • multihazard analyses
  • vulnerability reduction
  • practical application
  • predictive analyses

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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25 pages, 11789 KB  
Article
Impact of Climate and Land Cover Dynamics on River Discharge in the Klambu Dam Catchment, Indonesia
by Fahrudin Hanafi, Lina Adi Wijayanti, Muhammad Fauzan Ramadhan, Dwi Priakusuma and Katarzyna Kubiak-Wójcicka
Water 2026, 18(2), 250; https://doi.org/10.3390/w18020250 - 17 Jan 2026
Viewed by 208
Abstract
This study examines the hydrological response of the Klambu Dam Catchment in Central Java, Indonesia, to climatic and land cover changes from 2000–2023, with simulations extending to 2040. Utilizing CHIRPS satellite data calibrated with six ground stations, monthly precipitation and temperature datasets were [...] Read more.
This study examines the hydrological response of the Klambu Dam Catchment in Central Java, Indonesia, to climatic and land cover changes from 2000–2023, with simulations extending to 2040. Utilizing CHIRPS satellite data calibrated with six ground stations, monthly precipitation and temperature datasets were analyzed and projected via linear regression aligned with IPCC scenarios, revealing a marginal temperature decline of 0.21 °C (from 28.25 °C in 2005 to 28.04 °C in 2023) and a 17% increase in rainfall variability. Land cover assessments from Landsat imagery highlighted drastic changes: a 73.8% reduction in forest area and a 467.8% increase in mixed farming areas, alongside moderate fluctuations in paddy fields and settlements. The Thornthwaite-Mather water balance method simulated monthly discharge, validated against observed data with Pearson correlations ranging from 0.5729 (2020) to 0.9439 (2015). Future projections using Cellular Automata-Markov modeling indicated stable volumetric flow but a temporal shift, including a 28.1% decrease in April rainfall from 2000 to 2040, contracting the wet season and extending dry spells. These shifts pose significant threats to agricultural and aquaculture activities, potentially exacerbating water scarcity and economic losses. The findings emphasize integrating dynamic land cover data, climate projections, and empirical runoff corrections for climate-resilient watershed management. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Water Management and Geohazard Mitigation in a Changing Climate)
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20 pages, 8447 KB  
Article
Delineation Using Multi-Tracer Tests and Hydrochemical Investigation of the Matica River Catchment at Plitvice Lakes, Croatia
by Tihomir Frangen, Ivana Boljat, Hrvoje Meaški and Josip Terzić
Water 2025, 17(22), 3261; https://doi.org/10.3390/w17223261 - 14 Nov 2025
Viewed by 515
Abstract
In the Plitvice Lakes National Park, several hydrogeological catchments can be distinguished, but their boundaries are not clearly defined. This study focused on the Matica River catchment area, which covers the main contributors to the lake system and its overall water balance. An [...] Read more.
In the Plitvice Lakes National Park, several hydrogeological catchments can be distinguished, but their boundaries are not clearly defined. This study focused on the Matica River catchment area, which covers the main contributors to the lake system and its overall water balance. An initial assessment indicated that the Matica River catchment is among the most vulnerable areas due to the anticipated land-use expansion related to agriculture and tourism. This research provides critical hydrogeological data supporting sustainable management in response to the increasing extremes of floods and droughts induced by climate change. Two separate campaigns (March 2023 and April 2025) were carried out, each involving three simultaneous tracer injections using different fluorescent dyes. The results of earlier tracer tests were evaluated; furthermore, a hydrochemical analysis of the spring water offered valuable insights into subsurface processes and anthropogenic impacts. Tracing in the southwest clarified the boundary between the Plitvice Lakes and Una River catchments. In the Homoljac polje, the tracer responses highlighted a triple junction between the Plitvice Lakes, Gacka, and Una River catchments. In the southeastern Brezovac polje, the boundary between the Crna Rijeka and Bijela Rijeka catchments was delineated in detail. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Water Management and Geohazard Mitigation in a Changing Climate)
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11 pages, 7898 KB  
Article
Identification of a PCE Contamination Source in an Intergranular Aquifer Using a Simulation–Optimisation Framework: A Case Study of Ljubljana Polje, Slovenia
by Mitja Janža
Water 2025, 17(22), 3251; https://doi.org/10.3390/w17223251 - 14 Nov 2025
Viewed by 577
Abstract
Identification of contamination sources is critical for effective remediation planning in contaminated aquifers. This study presents a simulation–optimisation framework that was developed to reconstruct the release history and identify the potential source location after tetrachloroethene (PCE) concentrations that exceeded regulatory limits were detected [...] Read more.
Identification of contamination sources is critical for effective remediation planning in contaminated aquifers. This study presents a simulation–optimisation framework that was developed to reconstruct the release history and identify the potential source location after tetrachloroethene (PCE) concentrations that exceeded regulatory limits were detected in production and monitoring wells at the Hrastje well field. The approach integrates a physically based groundwater flow and solute transport model with an evolutionary algorithm to estimate unknown source parameters. The method was tested under realistic field conditions, accounting for the complexity and uncertainty of the subsurface environment. In the optimisation procedure, parameter values converged towards optimal estimates, and the simulated PCE concentrations in monitored wells showed good agreement with the observed values. The delineated source location and the reconstructed temporal and spatial dynamics of PCE contamination in the aquifer provide essential guidance for decision makers in designing and prioritising remediation strategies. By narrowing the potential source area, more targeted and cost-effective field investigations can be planned. The developed model offers a practical tool for evaluating alternative remediation scenarios, supporting adaptive water resource management and safeguarding the drinking water supply. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Water Management and Geohazard Mitigation in a Changing Climate)
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Review

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25 pages, 1582 KB  
Review
A Review on Climate Change Impacts on Freshwater Systems and Ecosystem Resilience
by Dewasis Dahal, Nishan Bhattarai, Abinash Silwal, Sujan Shrestha, Binisha Shrestha, Bishal Poudel and Ajay Kalra
Water 2025, 17(21), 3052; https://doi.org/10.3390/w17213052 - 24 Oct 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 4415
Abstract
Climate change is fundamentally transforming global water systems, affecting the availability, quality, and ecological dynamics of water resources. This review synthesizes current scientific understanding of climate change impacts on hydrological systems, with a focus on freshwater ecosystems, and regional water availability. Rising global [...] Read more.
Climate change is fundamentally transforming global water systems, affecting the availability, quality, and ecological dynamics of water resources. This review synthesizes current scientific understanding of climate change impacts on hydrological systems, with a focus on freshwater ecosystems, and regional water availability. Rising global temperatures are disrupting thermal regimes in rivers, lakes, and ponds; intensifying the frequency and severity of extreme weather events; and altering precipitation and snowmelt patterns. These changes place mounting stress on aquatic ecosystems, threaten water security, and challenge conventional water management practices. The paper also identifies key vulnerabilities across diverse geographic regions and evaluates adaptation strategies such as integrated water resource management (IWRM), the water, energy and food (WEF) nexus, ecosystem-based approaches (EbA), the role of advanced technology and infrastructure enhancements. By adopting these strategies, stakeholders can strengthen the resilience of water systems and safeguard critical resources for both ecosystems and human well-being. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Water Management and Geohazard Mitigation in a Changing Climate)
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