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Climate Change and Hydrological Processes, 3rd Edition
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Climate Change and Hydrological Processes, 3rd Edition

A special issue of Water (ISSN 2073-4441). This special issue belongs to the section "Hydrology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 10 December 2026 | Viewed by 713

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Alina Bărbulescu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Civil Engineering, Transilvania University of Brașov, 500036 Brașov, Romania
Interests: hydrology; water quality; mathematical modeling; statistical analysis
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Cristian Ștefan Dumitriu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Robotics in Constructions, Technical University of Civil Engineering of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
Interests: environmental modeling; materials science
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Water is an essential element for human life and security. In recent times, the apparition and intensification of extreme events have aggravated water availability and quality, significantly affecting people’s well-being. Drought episodes intensify water scarcity. At the same time, rainfall intensity and frequency have increased in different regions worldwide. In this context, evaluating and forecasting the apparition of extreme events and mitigating their effects has become necessary, not only as research topics but to enable policymakers to avoid or mitigate the inherent effects of such events. In this context, the main topics of this Special Issue are as follows:

  • Influence of climate changes in the water runoff process;
  • Future projection of flash-flood susceptibility according to climate change scenarios;
  • The variability of the maximum river discharges according to climate change projections;
  • The impact of climate change on the frequency and severity of droughts;
  • Risk and uncertainty in detecting drought events;
  • Quantitative and qualitative analysis of extreme events;
  • Hazards and risks in drought assessment;
  • Integrating environmental economics into flood/drought risk management;
  • Modeling the correlation between climate variables and hydrological processes.

Prof. Dr. Alina Bărbulescu
Dr. Cristian Ștefan Dumitriu
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Water is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • climate change scenarios
  • extreme events
  • risk assessment
  • multivariate analysis
  • artificial intelligence models

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

26 pages, 1151 KB  
Article
Assessing Surface Water Quality Risks Under Climate Stress and Geopolitical Instability: An Information Systems Approach
by Florentina Loredana Dragomir-Constantin and Alina Bărbulescu
Water 2026, 18(9), 996; https://doi.org/10.3390/w18090996 - 22 Apr 2026
Viewed by 373
Abstract
Surface water systems are increasingly exposed to multiple pressures generated by climate variability, intensified water resource exploitation, and evolving geopolitical dynamics. This study provides a novel contribution by identifying critical threshold effects and non-linear interactions that influence nitrate concentrations through an integrated information [...] Read more.
Surface water systems are increasingly exposed to multiple pressures generated by climate variability, intensified water resource exploitation, and evolving geopolitical dynamics. This study provides a novel contribution by identifying critical threshold effects and non-linear interactions that influence nitrate concentrations through an integrated information systems framework. It develops an integrated information-system-based analytical framework that combines hydrological, climatic, geopolitical, and strategic indicators to shape the broader contextual framework within which hydrological and climatic pressures operate, rather than serving as direct predictors. Considering the nitrate concentration in rivers as a key parameter of water quality, the paper goes beyond univariate analysis of nitrite concentration, examining its relationship with four explanatory variables: the Water Exploitation Index Plus (WEI+), the number of heat stress days (Heat_Stress), the Geopolitical Risk Index (GPR), and a proxy variable representing the presence of strategic infrastructure (Nuclear_State) using a Reduced Error Pruning Tree (REPTree) decision tree algorithm with 10-fold cross-validation. The results indicate that climatic stress emerges as the primary predictor, with a critical threshold of approximately 7.83 heat stress days, beyond which nitrate concentrations increase significantly. Under conditions of high climatic stress and intensive water exploitation (WEI+ ≥ 67.39), predicted nitrate levels exceed 20 mg/L and can reach extreme values of up to 58.82 mg/L. In contrast, low hydrological pressure (WEI+ < 0.39) combined with moderate climatic stress is associated with very low nitrate concentrations, around 2.75 mg/L. The model demonstrates strong predictive performance, with a correlation coefficient of 0.976, a Mean Absolute Error (MAE) of 0.593, a Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) of 2.046, and a Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) area exceeding 0.94 for classification tasks. While geopolitical and strategic variables do not act as direct predictors, they contribute to shaping the contextual framework influencing water resource management and environmental vulnerability. Overall, the study highlights the non-linear and systemic nature of water quality dynamics and demonstrates the effectiveness of decision tree-based models within integrated information systems for supporting environmental monitoring and decision-making under conditions of climate stress and geopolitical uncertainty. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Climate Change and Hydrological Processes, 3rd Edition)
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