Pathogenesis and Immunity of Enteric Virus Infections

Enteric virus infections are an important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, mainly in infants and young children. Common etiological agents of acute viral gastroenteritis are rotaviruses, human caliciviruses (noroviruses, sapoviruses), astroviruses, enteric adenoviruses, parechoviruses, picobirnaviruses and kobuviruses. The mechanisms of viral diarrhea are multifactorial and not completely understood. It has been suggested that intercellular signalling between infected and uninfected cells provides insights into the pathophysiology of rotavirus as well as other enteric viruses. Differences in the expression of glycans of the histo-blood group antigen type (HBGAs) are associated with susceptibility or resistance to some viruses. In addition, recognition of the role that gut microbiota may play in viral infections has opened a new active field of research.

Both innate and adaptive immune mechanisms play major roles in the protection against enteric viral infections. The study of the immunological determinants of protection against viral gastroenteritis is essential for the development of future vaccines.

The aim of this Special Issue is to give an overall picture of the complex interactions between enteric viruses and the gut. To this purpose, we welcome the submission of research articles, review articles, and short communications related to all aspects of molecular and cellular pathogenesis, virus–microbiota–host interactions, innate and adaptive immunity and vaccination of enteric virus infections.

Dr. Javier Buesa
Guest Editor

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