Special Issue "Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR) Eradication: Improved Understanding of Epidemiology, Diagnostics and Vaccine Efficacy, Volume II"

A special issue of Viruses (ISSN 1999-4915). This special issue belongs to the section "Animal Viruses".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 November 2023 | Viewed by 1863

Special Issue Editors

Laboratory and Vaccine Specialist, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy
Interests: peste des petits ruminants virus; PPRV; FMDV; vaccines; pathogenesis of PPRV
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Coordinator of PPR Global Eradication Programme, Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations (FAO), Viale delle Terme di Caracalla, 00153 Rome, Italy
Interests: peste des petits ruminants; animal health; disease control/eradication; small ruminant production; epidemiology; socio-economic impact and wildlife
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We are editing a second edition of the Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR) Eradication special isuse for new submissions, following the success of the 2020 volume.

Throughout the developing world, the peste des petits ruminants (PPR) virus (PPRV) places a huge disease burden on agriculture, particularly affecting small-ruminant production and contributing to poverty in many developing countries in Africa, the Middle East, and Asia. The primary susceptible hosts of PPRV are sheep and goats; however, the virus also causes clinical disease in pigs, camels, and other wild capra species. Sub-clinical infection, with accompanying seroconversion, is seen in cattle, buffaloes and African wild capra species.

A lack of understanding of the key factors determining the transmission of the disease between species, host range, epidemiology, and vaccine efficacy of PPRV poses a significant risk to the success of OIE’s and FAO’s nascent PPR eradication campaign by 2030. Improving the understanding of the transmission dynamics, early events of pathogenesis, epidemiology, new diagnostics, and vaccine efficacy and underlying the differential susceptibility of goats, cattle, pigs, and wild species will broadly enhance our knowledge of disease spread, maintenance of viruses in wildlife, and cattle and host-specific disease-resistance mechanisms. Therefore, this Special Issue is aimed to have a great impact on PPR eradication.

Prof. Dr. Satya Parida
Dr. Felix Njeumi
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV)
  • PPR
  • PPR in sheep, goats, cattle, buffaloes and wildlife
  • eradication
  • epidemiology
  • transmission
  • diagnostics
  • vaccines and vaccine efficacy
  • pathogenesis
  • host range
 

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

Article
Nucleocapsid Protein (N) of Peste des petits ruminants Virus (PPRV) Interacts with Cellular Phosphatidylinositol-3-Kinase (PI3K) Complex-I and Induces Autophagy
Viruses 2023, 15(9), 1805; https://doi.org/10.3390/v15091805 - 24 Aug 2023
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Abstract
Autophagy is an essential and highly conserved catabolic process in cells, which is important in the battle against intracellular pathogens. Viruses have evolved several ways to alter the host defense mechanisms. PPRV infection is known to modulate the components of a host cell’s [...] Read more.
Autophagy is an essential and highly conserved catabolic process in cells, which is important in the battle against intracellular pathogens. Viruses have evolved several ways to alter the host defense mechanisms. PPRV infection is known to modulate the components of a host cell’s defense system, resulting in enhanced autophagy. In this study, we demonstrate that the N protein of PPRV interacts with the core components of the class III phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) complex-I and results in the induction of autophagy in the host cell over, thereby expressing this viral protein. Our data shows the interaction between PPRV-N protein and different core components of the autophagy pathway, i.e., VPS34, VPS15, BECN1 and ATG14L. The PPRV-N protein can specifically interact with VPS34 of the PI3K complex-I and colocalize with the proteins of PI3K complex-I in the same sub-cellular compartment, that is, in the cytoplasm. These interactions do not affect the intracellular localization of the different host proteins. The autophagy-related genes were transcriptionally modulated in PPRV-N-expressing cells. The expression of LC3B and SQSTM1/p62 was also modulated in PPRV-N-expressing cells, indicating the induction of autophagic activity. The formation of typical autophagosomes with double membranes was visualized by transmission electron microscopy in PPRV-N-expressing cells. Taken together, our findings provide evidence for the critical role of the N protein of the PPR virus in the induction of autophagy, which is likely to be mediated by PI3K complex-I of the host. Full article
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Article
Investigation of Potency and Safety of Live-Attenuated Peste des Petits Ruminant Virus Vaccine in Goats by Detection of Cellular and Humoral Immune Response
Viruses 2023, 15(6), 1325; https://doi.org/10.3390/v15061325 - 05 Jun 2023
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Abstract
The peste des petits ruminant (PPR) virus is a transboundary virus found in small domestic ruminants that causes high morbidity and mortality in naive herds. PPR can be effectively controlled and eradicated by vaccinating small domestic ruminants with a live-attenuated peste des petits [...] Read more.
The peste des petits ruminant (PPR) virus is a transboundary virus found in small domestic ruminants that causes high morbidity and mortality in naive herds. PPR can be effectively controlled and eradicated by vaccinating small domestic ruminants with a live-attenuated peste des petits ruminant virus (PPRV) vaccine, which provides long-lasting immunity. We studied the potency and safety of a live-attenuated vaccine in goats by detecting their cellular and humoral immune responses. Six goats were subcutaneously vaccinated with a live-attenuated PPRV vaccine according to the manufacturer’s instructions, and two goats were kept in contact. Following vaccination, the goats were monitored daily, and we recorded their body temperature and clinical score. Heparinized blood and serum were collected for a serological analysis, and swab samples and EDTA blood were collected to detect the PPRV genome. The safety of the used PPRV vaccine was confirmed by the absence of PPR-related clinical signs, a negative pen-side test, a low virus genome load as detected with RT-qPCR on the vaccinated goats, and the lack horizontal transmission between the in-contact goats. The strong humoral and cellular immune responses detected in the vaccinated goats showed that the live-attenuated PPRV vaccine has a strong potency in goats. Therefore, live-attenuated vaccines against PPR can be used to control and eradicate PRR. Full article
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