Special Issue "Immunopathogenesis of Paramyxoviridae and Pneumoviridae"

A special issue of Viruses (ISSN 1999-4915). This special issue belongs to the section "Animal Viruses".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 28 February 2022.

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Bernadette G. van den Hoogen
E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Viroscience Department, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Interests: paramyxoviruses; pneumoviruses; innate immunity; anti-viral immuno-metabolics; human metapneumovirus; respiratory syncytial virus; newcastle disease virus

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The virus families Paramyxoviridae and Pneumoviridae include viruses that cause a variety of well-known major diseases in humans and animals. Well-known members of the Pneumoviridae family are the Respiratory Syncytial virus (RSV) and Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV), responsible for respiratory infections with significant morbidity and mortality. Human viruses of the Paramyxoviridae family include the parainfluenza viruses, the measles virus, the mumps virus, and the zoonotic viruses Nipah and Hendra, which are among the deadliest viruses known to infect humans.

While natural infection with measles and mumps viruses results in lifelong protection, infections with parainfluenza viruses, RSV and HMPV result in incomplete immunity, resulting in recurrent infections throughout life. Vaccines are only available for the measles and mumps viruses, while no therapeutics or vaccines are available to combat other paramyxo- and pneumoviruses to date.

For the development of intervention strategies it is key to understand the interaction between viruses and the host in order to identify correlates of disease or protection, and understand the viral mechanisms of immune evasion.

In this Special Issue, we would like to include research articles detailing the most current findings on the interaction between paramyxo- and pneumoviruses from humans and animals and the host’s immune system.

Dr. Bernadette G. van den Hoogen
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All papers will be peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Viruses is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2200 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • paramyxoviruses
  • pneumoviruses
  • virus–host interaction
  • immune response
  • immune evasion
  • correlates of protection
  • immunopathogenesis

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

Article
Comparable Infection Level and Tropism of Measles Virus and Canine Distemper Virus in Organotypic Brain Slice Cultures Obtained from Natural Host Species
Viruses 2021, 13(8), 1582; https://doi.org/10.3390/v13081582 - 10 Aug 2021
Viewed by 446
Abstract
Measles virus (MV) and canine distemper virus (CDV) are closely related members of the family Paramyxoviridae, genus Morbillivirus. MV infection of humans and non-human primates (NHPs) results in a self-limiting disease, which rarely involves central nervous system (CNS) complications. In contrast, [...] Read more.
Measles virus (MV) and canine distemper virus (CDV) are closely related members of the family Paramyxoviridae, genus Morbillivirus. MV infection of humans and non-human primates (NHPs) results in a self-limiting disease, which rarely involves central nervous system (CNS) complications. In contrast, infection of carnivores with CDV usually results in severe disease, in which CNS complications are common and the case-fatality rate is high. To compare the neurovirulence and neurotropism of MV and CDV, we established a short-term organotypic brain slice culture system of the olfactory bulb, hippocampus, or cortex obtained from NHPs, dogs, and ferrets. Slices were inoculated ex vivo with wild-type-based recombinant CDV or MV expressing a fluorescent reporter protein. The infection level of both morbilliviruses was determined at different times post-infection. We observed equivalent infection levels and identified microglia as main target cells in CDV-inoculated carnivore and MV-inoculated NHP brain tissue slices. Neurons were also susceptible to MV infection in NHP brain slice cultures. Our findings suggest that MV and CDV have comparable neurotropism and intrinsic capacity to infect CNS-resident cells of their natural host species. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Immunopathogenesis of Paramyxoviridae and Pneumoviridae)
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