HIV Testing, Prevention and Care Interventions, 2nd Edition

Dear Colleagues,

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is a growing problem all around the world that, if not diagnosed and treated early, might cause acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), the most advanced stage of HIV infection. The worldwide strategy promoted by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the United Nations UNAIDS aims for 95% of people living with HIV to know their status, 95% of people diagnosed with HIV to be on antiretroviral therapy (ART), and 95% of people on ART to achieve viral suppression. It is well known that the risk factors for HIV include having vaginal or anal sex with someone who is HIV-positive or whose HIV status is unknown; having sex with many partners; and injecting drugs and sharing needles, syringes, or other drug equipment with others. For example, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in the US recommends that everyone 13 to 64 years of age get tested for HIV at least once as part of routine healthcare and that people at higher risk for HIV get tested more often. The healthcare provider of those over 64 years of age and at risk of HIV may recommend HIV testing. Also, the CDC recommends that all pregnant women get tested for HIV so that they can begin taking HIV medicines if they are HIV-positive. In addition, to achieve viral suppression, it is crucial that laboratory monitoring of this parameter is performed in the person living with HIV. However, full access to testing is not possible everywhere; this is not only due to a lack of resources but also as a result of legal, cultural, and religious barriers, plus the stigma associated with HIV. For those reasons, this Special Issue is primarily focused on sharing experiences and pitfalls in individuals’ realities with the aim of overcoming HIV testing barriers and developing strategies to set proper prevention and care interventions.

In addition, this Special Issue intends to be enriched with quantitative data, rather than descriptive studies, to provide additional tools for decision-makers focused on the important public health aspects concerning people with HIV, particularly to ensure that HIV is completely under control and improve the awareness of the HIV-negative population.

Dr. Ricardo Izurieta
Prof. Dr. Enrique Terán
Guest Editors

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• HIV testing
• HIV stigma
• HIV prevention
• HIV care

• HIV Testing, Prevention and Care Interventions in Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease (7 articles)