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Toxics
Special Issues
Pesticides: An update of Exposure and Toxicity
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Pesticides: An update of Exposure and Toxicity

A special issue of Toxics (ISSN 2305-6304). This special issue belongs to the section "Toxicology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (28 February 2021) | Viewed by 6847

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Robin Mesnage

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King’s College London School of Medicine, Guy’s Hospital, London SE1 9RT, UK
Interests: caloric restriction; pesticides; glyphosate; gut microbiome; high-throughput “-omics” technologies; nutrition
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Aristidis M. Tsatsakis

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Laboratory of Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, Voutes, 700 13 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
Interests: biomonitoring and risk assessments of xenobiotics; biomarkers of exposure and of effects for various chemicals; pesticide toxicology; epidemiology and hygiene
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Folarin Ojo Owagboriaye

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Olabisi Onabanjo University Ago- Iwoye, Ogun State, Nigeria
Interests: ecophysiology; molecular toxicology; herbicide exposure; gasoline fume

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

With growing food needs, the use of agrochemicals such as pesticides is expected to increase in the coming decades. Although a large amount of knowledge has been accumulated on the effects of pesticides on human health and the environment, real-life exposure scenarios are still poorly studied. Farmers and consumers are not exposed to single compounds, but to mixtures of pesticide ingredients (active ingredients and co-formulants) and other environmental pollutants, such as engine exhausts or heavy metals. In addition to characterising the toxic effects of these compounds, it is important to develop strategies to reduce human exposures and mitigate their toxic effects.

In this Special Issue, we invite toxicological research which emphasises on real-life exposures to toxic compounds used in modern agriculture. We will focus on pesticides and provide a collection of studies addressing emerging concepts.

Dr. Robin Mesnage
Prof. Dr. Aristidis M. Tsatsakis
Dr. Folarin Ojo Owagboriaye
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Toxics is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Pesticides
  • Herbicides
  • Glyphosate
  • Mixtures
  • Real-life exposure simulation
  • Exhaust
  • Heavy metals
  • Microbiome
  • Toxicity
  • Agrochemicals
  • Environmental xenobiotics

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

18 pages, 1674 KiB  
Article
Acute and Cumulative Effects of Repeated Exposure to Chlorpyrifos on the Liver and Kidney Function among Egyptian Adolescents
by Ahmed A. Ismail, Olfat Hendy, Gaafar Abdel Rasoul, James R. Olson, Matthew R. Bonner and Diane S. Rohlman
Toxics 2021, 9(6), 137; https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics9060137 - 10 Jun 2021
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2556
Abstract
Background: There is a paucity of research that tracks changes in liver and kidney function among pesticide applicators. The aim of the current study was to investigate the role of repeated seasonal exposure to the organophosphorus pesticide, chlorpyrifos, on serum measures of liver [...] Read more.
Background: There is a paucity of research that tracks changes in liver and kidney function among pesticide applicators. The aim of the current study was to investigate the role of repeated seasonal exposure to the organophosphorus pesticide, chlorpyrifos, on serum measures of liver and kidney function. Methods: Pesticide exposure was assessed by measuring the urinary concentrations of 3,5,6-trichloro-2 pyridinol (TCPy), a specific biomarker for chlorpyrifos. Chlorpyrifos exposure and 8 serum markers of liver and kidney function were measured at 15 timepoints over 3 years prior to, during, and following the end of seasonal pesticide application among adolescent applicators and non-applicators from 4 field stations in Menoufia, Egypt. Results: Urinary TCPy levels showed increases during the application cycles and recovery at the end of each application season. Altered serum markers of liver and kidney function were associated with chlorpyrifos exposure, with some markers recovering 3 months after the end of exposure each year, while other measures demonstrated progressive increase up to 300% the baseline levels at the end of 3 years. Conclusion: The study demonstrated that frequent assessment of liver and kidney function is a sound practice to evaluate cellular injury following chronic repeated occupational and environmental exposure to chlorpyrifos. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Pesticides: An update of Exposure and Toxicity)
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9 pages, 678 KiB  
Article
Does Hemoperfusion Increase Survival in Acute Paraquat Poisoning? A Retrospective Multicenter Study
by Ying-Tse Yeh, Chun-Kuei Chen, Chih-Chuan Lin, Chia-Ming Chang, Kai-Ping Lan, Chorng-Kuang How, Hung-Tsang Yen and Yen-Chia Chen
Toxics 2020, 8(4), 84; https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics8040084 - 10 Oct 2020
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 3394
Abstract
The efficacy of hemoperfusion (HP) in patients with acute paraquat poisoning (PQ) remains controversial. We conducted a multi-center retrospective study to include acute PQ-poisoned patients admitted to two tertiary medical centers between 2005 and 2015. We used the Severity Index of Paraquat Poisoning [...] Read more.
The efficacy of hemoperfusion (HP) in patients with acute paraquat poisoning (PQ) remains controversial. We conducted a multi-center retrospective study to include acute PQ-poisoned patients admitted to two tertiary medical centers between 2005 and 2015. We used the Severity Index of Paraquat Poisoning (SIPP) to stratify the severity of PQ-poisoned patients. The indication to start HP was a positive result for the semiquantitative urine PQ test and presentation to the hospital was within 24 h. Early HP was defined as the first session of HP performed within five hours of PQ ingestion. A total of 213 patients (100 HP group, 113 non-HP group) were eligible for the study. The overall 60-day mortality of poisoned patients was 75.6% (161/213). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed no statistically significant difference in 60-day survival between HP and non-HP groups (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.84–1.63, p = 0.363). Further subgroup analysis in the HP group showed early HP (95% CI: 0.54–1.69, p = 0.880), and multiple secessions of HP (95% CI: 0.56–1.07, p = 0.124) were not significantly related to better survival. Among acute PQ-poisoned patients, this study found that HP was not associated with increased 60-day survival. Furthermore, neither early HP nor multiple secessions of HP were associated with survival. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Pesticides: An update of Exposure and Toxicity)
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