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Toxics
Special Issues
Toxicity Assessment and Safety Management of Nanomaterials
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Toxicity Assessment and Safety Management of Nanomaterials

A special issue of Toxics (ISSN 2305-6304). This special issue belongs to the section "Emerging Contaminants".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 April 2025 | Viewed by 882

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Guotao Peng

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
Interests: nanotoxicology; nanomedicine; immunology; molecular biology; environmental science
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The rapid development and increasing use of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) have brought substantial benefits across a range of applications. However, the potential adverse outcomes and health risks associated with these materials remain not fully understood. Efforts are underway to investigate the biological behaviors, the fate of ENMs, and to establish structure–activity relationships. Developing management strategies to mitigate these risks is essential for ensuring the safe use of ENMs and controlling potential environmental pollution. Nonetheless, grand challenges persist, including understanding the biotransformation processes of ENMs and their associated toxicities, developing appropriate model organisms that accurately mimic human physiology, and assessing the full life cycle of these materials.

This Special Issue aims to highlight the latest research on the toxicity assessments and safety management strategies of nanomaterials. We also welcome research on the toxicological impacts of micro- and nanoplastics, whether focusing on the identification of particles in real-world environmental samples or investigating toxicity using standardized particles. Studies on methodologies, experimental models, emerging materials, and new findings that advance the safe use and monitoring of potentially hazardous nanomaterials are all welcome.

Dr. Guotao Peng
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Toxics is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • nanotoxicology
  • engineered nanomaterials
  • micro- and nanoplastics
  • nano–bio interactions
  • biotransformation
  • structure–activity relationship
  • health risks

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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22 pages, 5636 KiB  
Article
Hsa_circ_0001944 Regulates FXR/TLR4 Pathway and Ferroptosis to Alleviate Nickel Oxide Nanoparticles-Induced Collagen Formation in LX-2 Cells
by Haodong Zhou, Qingyang Chen, Lijiao Ma, Gege Li, Xi Kang, Jiarong Tang, Hui Wang, Sheng Li, Yingbiao Sun and Xuhong Chang
Toxics 2025, 13(4), 265; https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics13040265 - 31 Mar 2025
Viewed by 289
Abstract
Nickel oxide nanoparticles (NiONPs) can induce liver fibrosis, and their mechanism may be related to non-coding RNA, nuclear receptor signal transduction and ferroptosis, but the regulatory relationship between them is not clear. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of hsa_circ_0001944 [...] Read more.
Nickel oxide nanoparticles (NiONPs) can induce liver fibrosis, and their mechanism may be related to non-coding RNA, nuclear receptor signal transduction and ferroptosis, but the regulatory relationship between them is not clear. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of hsa_circ_0001944 in regulating the Farnesol X receptor (FXR)/Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) pathway and ferroptosis in NiONPs-induced collagen deposition. We observed decreased FXR expression, increased TLR4 expression and alterations in ferroptosis features in both the rat liver fibrosis and the LX-2 cell collagen deposition model. To investigate the regulatory relationship among FXR, TLR4 and ferroptosis, we treated LX-2 cells with FXR agonist (GW4064), TLR4 inhibitor (TAK-242) and ferroptosis agonist (Erastin) combined with NiONPs. The results showed that TAK-242 alleviated collagen deposition by increasing ferroptosis features. Furthermore, GW4064 reduced the expression of TLR4, increased the ferroptosis features and alleviated collagen deposition. The results indicated that FXR inhibited the expression of TLR4 and enhanced the ferroptosis features, which were involved in the process of collagen deposition in LX-2 cells induced by NiONPs. Subsequently, we predicted that hsa_circ_0001944 might regulate FXR through bioinformatics analysis, and found NiONPs reduced the expression of hsa_circ_0001944 in LX-2 cells. Overexpression of hsa_circ_0001944 increased FXR level, reduced TLR4 level, increased the ferroptosis features and alleviated collagen deposition in LX-2 cells. In summary, we demonstrated that hsa_circ_0001944 regulates the FXR/TLR4 pathway and ferroptosis alleviate collagen formation induced by NiONPs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Toxicity Assessment and Safety Management of Nanomaterials)
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Review

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29 pages, 8960 KiB  
Review
Do We Need Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) Nanoparticles in Face Masks?
by Stijn Everaert, Lode Godderis, Jean-Marie Raquez, Greet Schoeters, Pieter Spanoghe, Jonas Moens, Luc Hens, Olivier Michel, Dirk Adang and Norbert Fraeyman
Toxics 2025, 13(4), 244; https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics13040244 - 25 Mar 2025
Viewed by 335
Abstract
The use of face masks has proven to be an effective preventive measure during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, concerns have emerged regarding the safety of metal (nano)particles incorporated into face masks for antimicrobial purposes. Specifically, this review examines the risks associated with TiO [...] Read more.
The use of face masks has proven to be an effective preventive measure during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, concerns have emerged regarding the safety of metal (nano)particles incorporated into face masks for antimicrobial purposes. Specifically, this review examines the risks associated with TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs), which are classified as a possible human carcinogen. The inhalation of TiO2 NPs can cause multiple adverse effects, including oxidative stress, pulmonary inflammation, histopathological changes, and (secondary) genotoxicity. Different aspects are discussed, such as the composition and filtration efficiency of face masks, the antimicrobial mode of action and effectiveness of various metals, and the hazards of TiO2 NPs to human health, including exposure limits. A conservative risk assessment was conducted using different worst-case scenarios of potential (sub)chronic TiO2 exposure, derived from published leaching experiments. Most face masks are considered safe, especially for occasional or single use. However, the nanosafety of a minority of face masks on the European market may be inadequate for prolonged and intensive use. Important uncertainties remain, including the risks of combined exposure to TiO2 NPs and silver biocides, and the lack of direct exposure measurements. Considering the potential safety issues and the limited added protective value of TiO2 NPs, it is recommended to ban all applications of TiO2 in face masks based on the precautionary principle. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Toxicity Assessment and Safety Management of Nanomaterials)
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