Drug Metabolism and Toxicological Mechanisms—2nd Edition

A special issue of Toxics (ISSN 2305-6304). This special issue belongs to the section "Drugs Toxicity".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 10 April 2026 | Viewed by 2245

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
Interests: cellular and computational toxicology
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Guest Editor
State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
Interests: natural products analysis; pharmacological research; nuclear receptor function; metabolic diseases
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School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
Interests: drug toxicology; computational toxicology; epitranscriptomics; RNA modification
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) processes are of great importance in understanding how the body disposes and responds to drugs. These processes play a pivotal role in assessing the efficacy and safety of drugs, while also enabling the prediction of potential adverse reactions or toxicities. A parent drug can undergo biotransformation induced by drug-metabolizing enzymes, leading to the formation of either toxic metabolites (metabolic activation) or non-toxic metabolites (detoxification). Thus, drug metabolism can be a key determinant of drug toxicity. Recently, new approach methodologies such as in silico methods, based on non-animal data, have been developed and applied in regulatory practices.

The first edition of the Special Issue on “Drug Metabolism and Toxicological Mechanisms” featured original research articles and comprehensive reviews that highlighted innovative methods and models. These included advancements in computational toxicology, the use of zebrafish as a model organism, and the application of multi-omics high-throughput sequencing technologies. These approaches were explored for their potential in enhancing toxicological risk assessment during the ADMET (Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion, and Toxicity) processes of drug development. This Special Issue mainly focuses on drug metabolism and toxicological mechanisms. It extensively covers a range of topics, including drug metabolism, physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling, toxicokinetics–toxicodynamics (TK–TD), ADME characterization, the identification and toxicity of metabolites, high-throughput pharmacokinetics (HT-PK), organ-specific toxicity, and toxicological mechanisms.

Prof. Dr. Qi Wang
Dr. Youbo Zhang
Dr. An Zhu
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • drug metabolism
  • toxicity
  • mechanism
  • preclinical study
  • clinical trial

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Research

13 pages, 736 KB  
Article
From Euphoria to Cardiac Stress: Role of Oxidative Stress on the Cardiotoxicity of Methylone and 3,4-DMMC
by Maria Moreira, Verónica Rocha, Ana Margarida Araújo and Márcia Carvalho
Toxics 2025, 13(11), 998; https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics13110998 - 20 Nov 2025
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Abstract
Synthetic cathinones (SCs), commonly referred to as “bath salts”, are a class of novel psychoactive substances (NPSs) that elicit amphetamine-like effects and severe cardiovascular outcomes, including myocardial infarction and sudden cardiac death. Despite these risks, the mechanisms underlying SC-induced cardiotoxicity remain poorly studied. [...] Read more.
Synthetic cathinones (SCs), commonly referred to as “bath salts”, are a class of novel psychoactive substances (NPSs) that elicit amphetamine-like effects and severe cardiovascular outcomes, including myocardial infarction and sudden cardiac death. Despite these risks, the mechanisms underlying SC-induced cardiotoxicity remain poorly studied. This study investigated the in vitro cardiotoxicity of two prevalent SCs—methylone and 3,4-dimethylmethcathinone (3,4-DMMC)—in H9c2 rat cardiomyoblasts, focusing on oxidative stress and the potential protective role of antioxidants. Cells were exposed to methylone (0.01–4.0 mM) or 3,4-DMMC (0.0005–0.8 mM) for 24 and 48 h, and cytotoxicity was assessed by an MTT assay. Intracellular reactive oxygen/nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) were quantified by fluorescence, and antioxidant effects were evaluated using ascorbic acid, N-acetylcysteine, and Trolox. Both SCs caused concentration-dependent cytotoxicity, with 3,4-DMMC showing higher potency than methylone (IC50: 0.28 vs. 0.98 mM, p = 0.0013). ROS/RNS levels increased in a concentration- and time-dependent manner for both compounds, reflecting early and sustained redox imbalance. Of the antioxidants, only ascorbic acid significantly improved cell viability. Taken together, these findings demonstrate for the first time that methylone and 3,4-DMMC exert cardiotoxic effects in vitro, with oxidative stress as a key contributor. The protective effect of ascorbic acid highlights its potential as a therapeutic candidate against SC-induced cardiac injury. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Drug Metabolism and Toxicological Mechanisms—2nd Edition)
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