Mercury Cycling and Health Effects—2nd Edition

A special issue of Toxics (ISSN 2305-6304). This special issue belongs to the section "Metals and Radioactive Substances".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 25 July 2025 | Viewed by 574

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Geostatistics and Environmental Geochemistry Laboratory, University of Brasilia, Campus Planaltina, Brasilia 73345-010, Brazil
Interests: soil science; mercury biogeochemical cycles; spatial distribution of mercury hotspot; mercury and metilmercury in trophic webs; mercury toxic risks; mercury exposure
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
Environmental Biogeochemistry Laboratory, Federal University of Rondônia, Campus Porto Velho, Rondônia 76901-000, Brazil
Interests: ecotoxicology; heavy metals; mercury and metilmercury; mercury exposure
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
Analytical and Environmental Chemistry Laboratory, Instituto de Química, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Federal District 70919-970, Brazil
Interests: mercury contamination; distribution of mercury in the environment; analytical aspects of mercury in samples of environmental interest; environmental ecotoxicology and human health
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
Laboratório de Biogeoquímica Ambiental, Universidade Federal de Rondônia, Porto Velho, RO, Brazil
Interests: soil contamination; heavy metals; water

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Mercury (Hg) is a chemical element that poses significant toxicity risks to biological communities and human health, depending on its concentration. As a primary control pollutant, mercury has been the focus of global initiatives such as the Minamata Convention, which was established to protect human health and the environment from anthropogenic emissions of mercury and its compounds.

Human exposure to mercury occurs through various pathways, including occupational exposure in artisanal gold mining, industrial activities, and the burning of fossil fuels. Additionally, dietary sources—particularly fish and seafood with high mercury concentrations—constitute a major route of exposure. Vegetables grown in contaminated soil or irrigated with polluted water also present potential risks.

This Special Issue invites submissions that explore diverse aspects of mercury contamination and its impacts, including but not limited to the following:

  • Local and regional factors influencing mercury distribution in the environment.
  • The bioaccumulation and biomagnification of mercury in aquatic and terrestrial food chains.
  • Risk assessments related to mercury exposure in abiotic compartments (atmosphere, water, sediment, soil) and food sources (fish, seafood, vegetables).
  • Mercury exposure in human populations.
  • Prenatal and postnatal mercury exposure, including transfer through breastfeeding.
  • Urban mercury emissions from roads, industries, and power generation, along with their environmental and public health effects.
  • Mercury emissions during forest fires and their implications for public health.

Dr. José Vicente Elias Bernardi
Prof. Dr. Wanderley Rodrigues Bastos
Prof. Dr. Jurandir Rodrigues De Souza
Prof. Dr. Ronaldo Almeida
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • mercury exposure
  • food web
  • methylmercury
  • ecotoxicology
  • health risk assessment
  • environment
  • fish
  • gestational age
  • fetal growth
  • pregnancy
  • Hg emissions

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

18 pages, 792 KiB  
Article
Composting as a Sustainable Approach for Managing Mercury-Contaminated Aquatic Biomass
by María José Caraballo-Laza, Diana Marcela Ossa-Henao, Iván Urango-Cardenas, Mauricio Rosso-Pinto, Jean Remy Davée Guimarães, Roberth Paternina-Uribe, Yuber Palacios-Torres and José Marrugo-Negrete
Toxics 2025, 13(7), 553; https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics13070553 - 29 Jun 2025
Abstract
In this study, composting as an alternative approach for managing mercury-contaminated biomass in water bodies affected by gold mining in the Choco department was evaluated. A single-factor experiment with three treatments containing varying amounts of Eleocharis interstincta biomass sourced from mercury-contaminated sites was [...] Read more.
In this study, composting as an alternative approach for managing mercury-contaminated biomass in water bodies affected by gold mining in the Choco department was evaluated. A single-factor experiment with three treatments containing varying amounts of Eleocharis interstincta biomass sourced from mercury-contaminated sites was designed. During the composting process, physicochemical parameters were monitored such as temperature, pH, and electrical conductivity, while analyzing the behavior of mercury through mass balance assessments. Additionally, we determined the bioavailability of mercury in the final compost and characterized the physicochemical parameters of each compost sample. The mercury mass balance indicated a decrease in the total mercury content in the initial biomass over the composting period of 170 days. However, the total mercury concentration in the final compost increased due to the transformation and subsequent reduction of the original biomass. Mercury speciation analysis revealed that mercury was predominantly associated with the less bioavailable fractions (F4 and F5), suggesting its stabilization and low availability to biota. Therefore, the final compost has the potential to restore degraded soils by improving moisture retention, porosity, and soil fertility, thereby promoting plant growth. However, it does not fully meet the national and international technical standards for solid organic fertilizers or compost. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mercury Cycling and Health Effects—2nd Edition)
14 pages, 1781 KiB  
Article
Analysis of Mercury Concentration in Cosmetic Clays
by Agnieszka Fischer, Barbara Brodziak-Dopierała, Wiktoria Jańska, Luiza Jeyranyan and Beata Malara
Toxics 2025, 13(6), 507; https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics13060507 - 16 Jun 2025
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Abstract
(1) Background: Clays are popular raw materials of natural origin used in cosmetology, beauty salons, and home care. They have moisturizing, soothing, cleansing, disinfecting, detoxifying, and regenerating properties, and can be used externally in the form of poultices or internally in solution form. [...] Read more.
(1) Background: Clays are popular raw materials of natural origin used in cosmetology, beauty salons, and home care. They have moisturizing, soothing, cleansing, disinfecting, detoxifying, and regenerating properties, and can be used externally in the form of poultices or internally in solution form. Though they are characterized by a rich and diverse mineral composition and are considered safe for the body, their use can expose users to harmful elements including mercury. (2) Materials and methods: This study analyzed mercury (Hg) concentrations in samples of cosmetic clays available on the Polish market. Hg analysis was performed using the AAS method with an AMA 254 analyzer. The clays differed in type/color and were purchased from different manufacturers. (3) Results: The mean Hg content in all the tested samples was 28.91 µg/kg, with a range of changes of 1.87–200.81 µg/kg. The highest concentrations of Hg were found in green (AM = 53.26 µg/kg) and white (AM = 52.80 µg/kg) clays, while the lowest were detected in purple (AM = 2.56 µg/kg) and blue (AM = 3.69 µg/kg) clays. The differences in Hg content between individual types of clay were statistically significant. (4) Conclusions: Due to the presence of Hg found in all the samples of cosmetic clay tested, it is likely that these products need to be tested for their metal contents. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mercury Cycling and Health Effects—2nd Edition)
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