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Toxics
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Advanced Mitigation Strategies for Air Pollutants: Innovative Technologies and Management...
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Advanced Mitigation Strategies for Air Pollutants: Innovative Technologies and Management Practices

A special issue of Toxics (ISSN 2305-6304). This special issue belongs to the section "Air Pollution and Health".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 September 2026 | Viewed by 4547

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Wenli Feng

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou 466001, China
Interests: source control; traffic pollution; material flow analysis (MFA)；life cycle assessment (LCA); numerical simulation; machine learning
Dr. Zhaowen Cheng

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Resources Environment and Safety Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, China
Interests: odor; VOCs; greenhouse gas emissions; health risk assessment; LCA; emission control technology; toxicology and exposure science; sustainable assessment
Dr. Chaosheng Zhu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Zhoukou Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Prevention and Remediation, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou 466001, China
Interests: air pollution control; environmental functional materials; photocatalysis; electrocatalysis; AOPs; catalytic oxidation

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Air pollution continues to pose significant challenges to environmental sustainability and public health worldwide. While regulatory efforts and conventional control technologies have achieved notable progress, there remains an urgent need for innovative, efficient, and scalable solutions to reduce emissions at the source across key sectors such as industry, transportation, agriculture, and urban development. This Special Issue aims to highlight cutting-edge research and forward-thinking management practices that address the mitigation of air pollutants through technological innovation and strategic oversight.

We welcome the submission of high-quality original research articles, reviews, and case studies that contribute to the advancement of emission control and abatement strategies. The scope of this Special Issue includes, but is not limited to, the following topics:

  • The development and application of novel processes and materials for the removal of air pollutants, including advanced oxidation, advanced functional materials, biotechnologies, and hybrid/coupled treatment systems, etc.
  • The design and implementation of source-specific abatement techniques for major sectors including industry, agriculture, transportation, and urban development, etc.
  • Data-driven strategies that employ AI and process optimization to enable real-time monitoring, predictive control, and intelligent decision-making for emission management.
  • Analysis of regulatory frameworks, economic incentives, and governance models that promote the development and broad adoption of advanced mitigation technologies.

Dr. Wenli Feng
Dr. Zhaowen Cheng
Dr. Chaosheng Zhu
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Toxics is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • air pollutants
  • mitigation strategies
  • innovative Technologies
  • emission control
  • abatement strategies
  • real-time monitoring

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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23 pages, 3963 KB  
Article
Comparative Evaluation of Machine Learning Models for Residential PM1 Prediction in Zagreb (Croatia): Identifying Key Predictors and Indoor/Outdoor Dynamics
by Marija Jelena Lovrić Štefiček, Silvije Davila, Gordana Pehnec, Ivan Bešlić, Željka Ujević Andrijić, Ivana Banić, Mirjana Turkalj, Mario Lovrić, Luka Kazensky and Goran Gajski
Toxics 2026, 14(4), 299; https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics14040299 - 29 Mar 2026
Viewed by 1018
Abstract
Indoor exposure to particulate matter (PM) is increasingly recognized as a major contributor to respiratory and cardiovascular risk, yet the relative contributions of outdoor pollution, building characteristics, and occupant behavior remain poorly resolved. PM1 (aerodynamic diameter < 1 μm) warrants focus due [...] Read more.
Indoor exposure to particulate matter (PM) is increasingly recognized as a major contributor to respiratory and cardiovascular risk, yet the relative contributions of outdoor pollution, building characteristics, and occupant behavior remain poorly resolved. PM1 (aerodynamic diameter < 1 μm) warrants focus due to its higher alveolar deposition. “Evidence driven indoor air quality improvement” (EDIAQI) project aims to enhance indoor air quality guidelines and increase awareness by providing accessible data on exposure, pollution sources, and related risk factors. As part of the Zagreb pilot within the project, 103 paired indoor/outdoor PM1 samples were analyzed. Seasonal analysis revealed substantial wintertime outdoor PM1 spikes, while indoor medians remained stable. Chemometric analysis identified factors such as dwelling size, outdoor pollution, resuspension, building age/heating type, and urban context. Among the tested models, the validated gradient-boosted regressor (GBR) achieved the strongest performance, explaining ~65% variance in indoor PM1 (test R2 ≈ 0.65). Explainable machine learning analysis (SHAP) identified outdoor PM1 levels, infiltration, and resuspension as the most influential predictors. Findings underscore wintertime outdoor emissions (e.g., residential heating and traffic) and dwelling-related and behavioral factors as key drivers, with the machine learning–environmental data integration enabling targeted residential IAQ management: optimized ventilation protocols, resuspension mitigation via behavior, and infiltration reduction through retrofits. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Mitigation Strategies for Air Pollutants: Innovative Technologies and Management Practices)
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17 pages, 2471 KB  
Article
Emission Characteristics, Co-Drivers, and Mitigation Implications of NH3, N2O, and CH4 from Livestock Manure in China from 2013 to 2023
by Xiaotang Zhang, Zeyan Wu, Junchi Wang and Qinge Sha
Toxics 2025, 13(11), 933; https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics13110933 - 30 Oct 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1005
Abstract
Livestock and poultry manure emits substantial amounts of ammonia and non-CO2 greenhouse gases of nitrous oxide and methane, contributing simultaneously to climate forcing and air quality degradation. However, few studies have provided an integrated quantification of ammonia, nitrous oxide and methane emissions [...] Read more.
Livestock and poultry manure emits substantial amounts of ammonia and non-CO2 greenhouse gases of nitrous oxide and methane, contributing simultaneously to climate forcing and air quality degradation. However, few studies have provided an integrated quantification of ammonia, nitrous oxide and methane emissions across multiple species and provinces in China. This study established a coupled provincial inventory for 2013–2023 and applied the Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index (LMDI) to identify socioeconomic drivers. Results show that NH3 emissions declined slightly from ~4.1 Tg in 2013 to 3.95 Tg in 2023 (−3.7%), while N2O increased from 2.1 to 2.3 Tg (+9.5%) and CH4 rose from 3.1 to 4.2 Tg (+35%). Consequently, the aggregated global warming potential increased by ~24% (from ~1100 to ~1370 Tg CO2-eq). Hogs were identified as the dominant contributor across gases. High-emission provinces contributed disproportionately, whereas metropolitan and western provinces reported marginal levels. LMDI decomposition revealed that affluence and technological intensification were the main drivers of growth, partially offset by production efficiency and labor decline. This study provides one of the first integrated multi-gas, multi-species, and region-specific assessments of livestock manure emissions in China, offering insights into targeted mitigation strategies that simultaneously support carbon neutrality and air quality improvement. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Mitigation Strategies for Air Pollutants: Innovative Technologies and Management Practices)
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Review

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16 pages, 692 KB  
Review
Submarine Indoor Air Quality and Crew Health: A Critical Narrative State-of-the-Art Review of Respiratory and Cardiovascular Risks
by Jérôme Sinquin, Aurélie Sachot, Fabrice Entine, Jean-Ulrich Mullot, Marco Valente and Samir Dekali
Toxics 2026, 14(1), 33; https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics14010033 - 27 Dec 2025
Viewed by 1689
Abstract
Background: Submarines represent extremely confined environments where breathing air is continuously recirculated for extended periods with minimal renewal, generating complex multipollutant atmospheres. Objectives: This critical narrative review aims to (i) summarize sources and composition of submarine indoor air, (ii) evaluate respiratory and cardiovascular [...] Read more.
Background: Submarines represent extremely confined environments where breathing air is continuously recirculated for extended periods with minimal renewal, generating complex multipollutant atmospheres. Objectives: This critical narrative review aims to (i) summarize sources and composition of submarine indoor air, (ii) evaluate respiratory and cardiovascular risks for crews, and (iii) assess current purification technologies. Methods: A narrative review was conducted following PRISMA recommendations applicable to non-systematic reviews. The PubMed search covered all years from inception to September 2025, complemented by backward citation tracking and technical reports. Results: Eligible studies consistently report elevated levels of CO2, VOCs, NOX, CO, PM2.5, and bioaerosols aboard submarines. Evidence from submariner cohorts and toxicological studies indicates risks of airway irritation, impaired mucociliary defenses, endothelial dysfunction, cardiovascular stress, and neurobehavioral alterations. Conclusions: Submarine indoor air quality is a credible determinant of crew health. Existing filtration systems mitigate some risks but do not address multipollutant mixtures adequately. Improved real-time monitoring, advanced filtration, CFD-guided airflow optimization, and longitudinal medical surveillance are necessary. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Mitigation Strategies for Air Pollutants: Innovative Technologies and Management Practices)
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