Hazardous Effects of Pesticides on Human Health—2nd Edition

A special issue of Toxics (ISSN 2305-6304). This special issue belongs to the section "Agrochemicals and Food Toxicology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 17 October 2025 | Viewed by 786

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
Interests: occupational medicine; environmental health; genotoxicology; public health; disease burden
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1. Centre for Environment and Health, University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
2. IDEWE, External Service for Prevention and Protection at Work, Heverlee, Belgium
Interests: occupational and environmental medicine; toxicology; epigenetics
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Guest Editor
Unit Environmental Hygiene and Human Biological Monitoring, Department of Health Protection, National Health Laboratory, 1, Rue Louis Rech, L-3555 Dudelange, Luxembourg
Interests: human biomonitoring; occupational exposure; indoor pollution
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The widespread introduction and use of chemical agents comes with an increasing risk for the human population. Humans are exposed to a large variety and complex mixture of chemicals, which can lead to immediate and delayed health impairment. Pesticides constitute one of the largest groups of man-made chemicals used in every day practice to increase agricultural production and to control weeds, vectors of infectious diseases and pests in various settings. Our societies are highly dependent on the application, of pesticide products; however, it comes at a cost. In cases of uncontrolled application without effective safeguards, they can cause harm not only to the target organisms but also to other species, including humans.

The 2nd Edition of this Special Issue continues to aim to collect novel scientific evidence from studies investigating unwanted effects of pesticide exposures on human health.

We look forward to receiving manuscripts that assess pesticide toxicity utilizing a wide range of methodologies, including in vitro and in vivo studies, human biomonitoring, environmental and occupational epidemiology, as well as narrative and systematic reviews. The studies can investigate various aspects of pesticide effects on human health that reflect the consequences of real exposure situations in the general, home, or workplace environment. Manuscripts that investigate the health effects of specific pesticide product formulations, such as micro- and nanoencapsulated pesticides, or the late toxic effects of chronic low-dose exposures, including genotoxicity, carcinogenicity, and teratogenicity, are especially invited.

The articles in this Special Issue are expected to extend our knowledge on the human health impact of new trends in pesticide development and application driven by current environmental and societal challenges, consequently contributing to better protection of the population.

Dr. Balázs Ádám
Prof. Dr. Lode Godderis
Dr. Radu-Corneliu Duca
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • pesticide
  • product formulation
  • chronic low-level exposure
  • comparative toxicological assessment
  • human health effect
  • genotoxicity
  • carcinogenicity
  • teratogenicity

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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26 pages, 2709 KiB  
Article
Assessment of Unintentional Acute Pesticide Poisoning (UAPP) Amongst Cotton Farmers in Tanzania
by Jones Ackson Kapeleka, Aiwerasia Vera Ngowi, Silvani Mng’anya, Sheila E. Willis, Joey P. Salmon, Keith F. Tyrell, Stephanie Williamson, Michael Eddleston and Alexander M. Stuart
Toxics 2025, 13(4), 300; https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics13040300 - 11 Apr 2025
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Abstract
Pesticide poisoning is widely accepted as a major public health problem in low- and middle-income countries, especially in East Africa. However, a very high proportion of unintentional poisonings are either unreported or misreported. To help fill this knowledge gap, we investigated the scale [...] Read more.
Pesticide poisoning is widely accepted as a major public health problem in low- and middle-income countries, especially in East Africa. However, a very high proportion of unintentional poisonings are either unreported or misreported. To help fill this knowledge gap, we investigated the scale of unintentional acute pesticide poisoning (UAPP) in cotton-growing communities in Tanzania by conducting a cross-sectional survey of 1074 cotton farmers or farm workers. The findings from this study revealed a high incidence of self-reported negative health effects following occupational pesticide exposure, with 48% of respondents experiencing symptoms of UAPP within the previous 12 months. Furthermore, the substantial proportion of UAPP incidents were associated with a few highly hazardous pesticides (HHPs), particularly profenofos, lambda cyhalothrin, and co-formulations with both chlorpyrifos and cypermethrin. Of those reporting UAPP, only 6% sought medical treatment in a formal healthcare setting. The findings from this study clearly indicates an urgent need for improved pesticide regulation, the scale up of community surveillance, and the promotion of less hazardous alternatives to the use of HHPs. We provide policy recommendations and identify alternatives to HHPs for cotton pest management. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Hazardous Effects of Pesticides on Human Health—2nd Edition)
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17 pages, 1367 KiB  
Study Protocol
Occupational Exposure to Pesticides Among Farmworkers in Morocco: A Study Framework for Endocrine and Epigenetic Effect Assessment
by Kaoutar Chbihi, Aziza Menouni, Imane Berni, Hala Chetouani, Said Abou-Said, Amal Amellah, Robin Lebegge, Eline Verscheure, Jeroen Vanoirbeek, Radu-Corneliu Duca, Lode Godderis and Samir El Jaafari
Toxics 2025, 13(5), 340; https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics13050340 - 25 Apr 2025
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Abstract
Pesticides are compounds of major use in agriculture worldwide. Nevertheless, many pesticide chemicals are classified as endocrine disruptors and potentially carcinogens. Farmers and farmworkers are particularly exposed and are at high risk of developing health-related impairments. In Morocco, the lack of awareness towards [...] Read more.
Pesticides are compounds of major use in agriculture worldwide. Nevertheless, many pesticide chemicals are classified as endocrine disruptors and potentially carcinogens. Farmers and farmworkers are particularly exposed and are at high risk of developing health-related impairments. In Morocco, the lack of awareness towards pesticide hazards and the inappropriate application of safety measures might increase the exposure as well as the risks of health concerns. In this paper, we present the framework of a study designed to assess pesticide exposure among Moroccan farmers and farmworkers and to evaluate potential health effects, namely endocrine and epigenetic impacts. Human biological monitoring will be conducted to determine pesticide levels in urine following the development and validation of sensitive chromatography methods (SPE, UPLC-MS/MS). Biomarkers of exposure include a set of parent and metabolite pesticide compounds (organophosphates, pyrethroids, triazines and urea-based pesticides). Thyroid and reproductive hormones (TSH, T3, T4, FSH and LH) as well as global and specific DNA methylation markers (5-mC, 5-hmC, N6-mA, THRB and LHR) are selected as biomarkers of effects. This provides guiding steps and methods to perform reliable exposure evaluation and health impact assessment. This study aims to expand the current knowledge on the endocrine and epigenetic risks related to pesticides, especially in low- and middle-income countries. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Hazardous Effects of Pesticides on Human Health—2nd Edition)
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