Neutrinos and Symmetry: Theoretical Developments and New Directions

A special issue of Symmetry (ISSN 2073-8994). This special issue belongs to the section "Physics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 April 2026 | Viewed by 364

Special Issue Editors


E-Mail Website1 Website2
Guest Editor
Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica, Università di Roma Tre, Via della Vasca Navale 84, 00146 Rome, Italy
Interests: theoretical physics; high energy physics; neutrinos

E-Mail Website1 Website2
Guest Editor
Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica, Universitá di Roma Tre, Via della Vasca Navale 84, 00146 Rome, Italy
Interests: neutrino theory; neutrinos; high energy physics

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Neutrinos are special particles in many ways: on the one hand, their masses are orders of magnitude lighter than all other fermions, and on the other hand, their mixing matrix is substantially different from that measured in the quark sector. While measurements of their fundamental properties, like mass-squared differences and mixing angles, have recently reached remarkable experimental precision, the theoretical understanding of such values remains a deep mystery. Several efforts in the past have been devoted to searching for extensions of the Standard Model (SM) based on additional gauge and/or family symmetries that are able to explain neutrinos’ properties at the fundamental level.

In this volume, we want to offer an exhaustive overview of the proposed beyond-the-SM theories to accommodate neutrino masses and mixing and a panorama of the most recent research activity in the field.

Prof. Dr. Davide Meloni
Dr. Alessio Giarnetti
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • neutrino masses
  • neutrino mixing
  • symmetries
  • new physics
  • model building

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

30 pages, 665 KB  
Article
Top-Down Analysis of Leptogenesis and Dirac Neutrino Masses in an Extended CP-Violating Standard Model
by Chilong Lin
Symmetry 2025, 17(11), 1888; https://doi.org/10.3390/sym17111888 - 6 Nov 2025
Abstract
We analytically investigate the charge parity (CP) violation, neutrino masses, and leptogenesis in the Standard Model (SM) with an extension to Dirac neutrinos, building on our previous quark sector analysis. Using systematic top-down diagonalization of fermion mass matrices and experimental neutrino mass-squared differences, [...] Read more.
We analytically investigate the charge parity (CP) violation, neutrino masses, and leptogenesis in the Standard Model (SM) with an extension to Dirac neutrinos, building on our previous quark sector analysis. Using systematic top-down diagonalization of fermion mass matrices and experimental neutrino mass-squared differences, we predict the complete neutrino mass spectrum and assess leptogenesis viability. We find that our analysis yields specific mass predictions: mh5.01×102 eV, ml6.09×103 eV, and a bimodal middle mass (mm4.97×102 eV for inverted ordering, mm1.05×102 eV for normal ordering). Four viable scenarios emerge with parameter constraints ranging from highly restrictive (1<g<1.01512) to moderately broad (1<g<5.9). Crucially, Dirac neutrino leptogenesis is about 71 orders of magnitude weaker than baryogenesis, indicating that Standard Model leptogenesis is negligible and Beyond Standard Model physics is needed for significant leptogenesis contributions. CP violation emerges through SN symmetry breaking, with mass degeneracies controlled by model parameters. Remarkably, while mass-squared differences are small, individual neutrino masses can be significantly larger, potentially addressing dark matter mass requirements and enhancing cosmological significance. This work provides testable predictions for neutrino experiments and establishes a unified analytical approach to CP violation across fermion sectors. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Neutrinos and Symmetry: Theoretical Developments and New Directions)
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