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Rural–Urban Integration and Revitalization: A Sustainability Perspective

A special issue of Sustainability (ISSN 2071-1050). This special issue belongs to the section "Sustainable Urban and Rural Development".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 10 July 2026 | Viewed by 4424

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Community, Culture and Global Studies, University of British Columbia-Okanagan, Kelowna, BC, Canada
Interests: migration; urban food security; low-income housing in the global south

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The global pursuit of sustainable development has brought renewed attention to the dynamic interplay between rural and urban regions. As urbanization accelerates, the dichotomy between rural and urban spaces often exacerbates socio-economic disparities, environmental degradation, and cultural fragmentation. However, these challenges also present opportunities to reimagine rural–urban relationships through integrative strategies that prioritize ecological balance, equitable resource distribution, and inclusive growth. This Special Issue seeks to explore innovative pathways for harmonizing rural and urban development while advancing the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

Rural–urban integration is not merely a spatial or economic endeavor, but a multidimensional process that intersects with environmental stewardship, technological innovation, and community resilience. Traditional approaches to rural revitalization often focus on infrastructure investment or industrial transplantation, yet such measures risk perpetuating extractive practices or marginalizing local identities. In contrast, sustainability-driven integration emphasizes synergies—leveraging urban technological and financial resources to enhance rural livelihoods while preserving agroecological systems, cultural heritage, and biodiversity. This paradigm shift calls for interdisciplinary research that bridges urban planning, environmental science, economics, and social policy.

This Special Issue invites contributions that address critical questions, such as:

  • How can rural–urban partnerships foster circular economies and reduce carbon footprints?
  • What governance models enable participatory decision-making and equitable benefit-sharing?
  • How do digital technologies (e.g., smart agriculture, e-commerce) reshape rural–urban linkages?
  • What role do traditional knowledge systems play in sustainable land use and community resilience?
  • How can policies mitigate the risks of gentrification or resource exploitation in integrated zones?
  • How do partnerships/relations function between small-scale farmers and agribusiness?

We welcome theoretical frameworks, empirical studies, and case analyses that highlight successful practices or lessons learned from diverse geographical contexts. Topics may include, but are not limited to, the following: agro-tourism synergies, green infrastructure networks, decentralized renewable energy systems, and policy innovations in land tenure or fiscal decentralization, partnerships/relations between small-scale farmers and agribusiness.

By curating cutting-edge research and fostering cross-sectoral dialogue, this issue aims to contribute actionable insights for policymakers, practitioners, and scholars committed to building regenerative rural–urban ecosystems. Together, we can rechart a future where cities and countryside thrive interdependently—anchored in justice, sustainability, and shared prosperity.

I look forward to receiving your contributions.

Prof. Dr. Miriam Grant
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sustainability is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • sustainable development
  • rural–urban integration
  • revitalization
  • circular economy
  • governance
  • SDGs

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

28 pages, 5262 KB  
Article
Towards High-Quality Urban–Rural Integration: Coupling Mechanisms and Optimisation Paths of Rural Revitalisation and New Urbanisation in China from the Perspective of Systems Theory
by Xiangman Chen and Xuezhou Liu
Sustainability 2026, 18(11), 5402; https://doi.org/10.3390/su18115402 - 27 May 2026
Viewed by 311
Abstract
To resolve severe urban–rural contradictions and promote urban–rural integration (URI), China successively implements two national strategies: new urbanisation (NU) and rural revitalisation (RR). In Economic Geography, the URI system is one type in the human–earth interaction system, composed of urban and rural areal [...] Read more.
To resolve severe urban–rural contradictions and promote urban–rural integration (URI), China successively implements two national strategies: new urbanisation (NU) and rural revitalisation (RR). In Economic Geography, the URI system is one type in the human–earth interaction system, composed of urban and rural areal subsystems, and RR and NU are its two strategic driving elements. This study aims to reveal the intrinsic logic behind how RR and NU synergistically optimise the URI system’s operation and drive its evolution towards high-quality development. Combining analysis methods and synthesis methods in systems theory, this study clarifies the connotations of RR, NU, and their five complementary sub-dimensions in industry, ecology, society, space, and economy, and fully elucidates the coupling mechanisms of RR and NU, using specific cases of URI worldwide as illustrative examples. The coupling mechanisms of RR and NU include two parts: the coupling mechanisms in the above five aspects, respectively, and the cross-fusion relationships among these aspects. The coupling mechanisms reflect the dynamic process of RR and NU mobilising various other elements to optimise the URI system’s operation and evolution. Holding the systematic concept that city and village are originally a unity, three paths of dissolving the main obstacles to URI and promoting high-quality URI are proposed: reforming institutions that hinder the free flow of urban–rural factors, achieving broader and deeper urban–rural industry integration, and improving rural public service supply levels. This study constructs a theoretical framework for understanding the URI system’s driving mechanisms and evolution logic, enriching the content of URI system theory and providing implications and a reference for evaluating URI quality and formulating policies for improving URI quality. Full article
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30 pages, 4319 KB  
Article
Causal Effects and Spatial Spillovers of Agricultural Talent Policies on Urban–Rural Integration in China: A Double Machine Learning Approach
by Yinjie Fang, Yijun Shi and Lihua Xu
Sustainability 2026, 18(10), 4742; https://doi.org/10.3390/su18104742 - 9 May 2026
Viewed by 908
Abstract
The dual urban–rural structure severely restricts sustainable and equitable development in China. While agricultural talent policies aim to break down these barriers, their actual net effects and spatial spillovers remain unclear due to the limitations of traditional linear models in handling complex, high-dimensional [...] Read more.
The dual urban–rural structure severely restricts sustainable and equitable development in China. While agricultural talent policies aim to break down these barriers, their actual net effects and spatial spillovers remain unclear due to the limitations of traditional linear models in handling complex, high-dimensional confounding factors (the research gap). The objective of this study is to accurately identify the causal impacts of these policies on urban–rural integration across 31 major Chinese cities from 2011 to 2024. We utilized text mining to construct a continuous policy intensity index and established a multidimensional integration evaluation system. Crucially, a double machine learning (DML) approach was employed to isolate the net policy effects. The results demonstrate the following: (1) Overcoming the negative bias of classical methods, the DML reveals a significant positive causal effect of talent policies on local urban–rural integration. (2) However, strong policies in central cities create significant negative spatial spillovers (siphon effects) on neighboring peripheral regions, exacerbating spatial injustice. (3) Feature analysis indicates that agricultural productivity is the primary driver of integration, while policies serve as essential catalysts. These findings emphasize that sustainable urban–rural integration requires a shift from zero-sum local competition to coordinated regional talent governance. Full article
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22 pages, 367 KB  
Article
The Common Prosperity Effect of Integrated Urban Rural Development: Evidence from China
by Junguo Hua, Yu Jing, Juan Wang and Jing Ding
Sustainability 2026, 18(2), 683; https://doi.org/10.3390/su18020683 - 9 Jan 2026
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1087
Abstract
Common prosperity is an essential requirement of socialism with Chinese characteristics for a new era. Problems caused by the urban rural dual structure, such as resource misallocation, ecological-economic imbalance, and insufficient farmer income growth, not only hinder common prosperity but also conflict with [...] Read more.
Common prosperity is an essential requirement of socialism with Chinese characteristics for a new era. Problems caused by the urban rural dual structure, such as resource misallocation, ecological-economic imbalance, and insufficient farmer income growth, not only hinder common prosperity but also conflict with the sustainable development strategy. As the core path to break the dual structure and narrow gaps, the multi-dimensional impact and mechanism of urban rural integrated development on common prosperity need systematic verification. Based on panel data of 31 Chinese provinces from 2014 to 2023, this paper uses fixed-effects and mechanism test models to examine its direct, indirect, and spatial spillover effects, focusing on transmission mechanisms of wage, property, and operating incomes. Findings show: First, it exerts significant positive direct and cross-regional spillover effects on common prosperity; Second, wage and property incomes are key transmission paths, while operating income’s mediating effect is unclear; Third, effects vary geographically, stronger in eastern/central China, weaker in northeast China and insignificant in west China; Fourth, economic and spatial integration play prominent roles, social service integration has inhibitory effect, and ecological integration’s effect is under-released. Accordingly, this paper puts forward countermeasures to optimize resource allocation, tackle the rural operating income dilemma, advance regional coordination, and enhance equal social services, providing references for improving common prosperity policies and rural sustainable development. Full article
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24 pages, 1656 KB  
Article
High-Quality Financial Development and Rural–Urban Economic Integration: Coordinated Measurement and Spatiotemporal Evolution
by Jiaxin Lu and Junying Chen
Sustainability 2025, 17(13), 5750; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17135750 - 23 Jun 2025
Viewed by 1254
Abstract
Strengthening the coordinated development of high-quality financial development and urban–rural economic integration has become an inherent requirement for promoting rural revitalization. This study investigates the coordinated development between financial quality and urban–rural economic integration in China using data from 2011 to 2022. It [...] Read more.
Strengthening the coordinated development of high-quality financial development and urban–rural economic integration has become an inherent requirement for promoting rural revitalization. This study investigates the coordinated development between financial quality and urban–rural economic integration in China using data from 2011 to 2022. It applies coupling coordination models, kernel density estimates, and Gini coefficients to examine coordination levels, regional disparities, dynamic changes, and environmental outcomes. The results show the following: (1) the level of both have grown steadily each year, showing a “strong East, weak West” trend; (2) the coupling coordination development level of the two has steadily increased from 0.321 to 0.434, but remains on the edge of dislocation, with significant regional differences, presenting a “high East, low West” pattern; (3) improvements in human capital, industrial structure optimization, information infrastructure development, and government support significantly enhance the synergistic development level of the dual systems; (4) the coupling coordination development of the two has a significant effect on emission reduction. Full article
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