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Architecture, Spatial Planning, and Interdisciplinarity for Increased Urban Climate Resilience and Biodiversity: Dealing and Designing with Energy, Water, and Ecosystems

A special issue of Sustainability (ISSN 2071-1050). This special issue belongs to the section "Sustainable Water Management".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 June 2026 | Viewed by 1402

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
1. Urbanism, Department of Architecture, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, Italy
2. Environmental Politics and of Sustainability Laboratory A, Ca' Foscari International College, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, Venice, Italy
Interests: systems thinking and diagramming; urban and regional metabolism; resilient design; planning choices towards strong socio-ecological sustainability in a challenging century
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Guest Editor
Architectural Technology, Department of Architecture, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, Italy
Interests: climate mitigation and adaptation in urban contexts; urban biodiversity increase through nature-based solutions; simulation and modelling for building performance assessment

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Report after report, international climate change forecasts for the next decades are becoming more and more dramatic, and new expressions are stepping into the scientific lexicon, such as climate crisis and climate emergency, together with the need to meet the planetary boundaries. Furthermore, the already alarming information on average global warming intrinsically hides the fact that increased temperatures will be much higher on the terrestrial surface than in the oceans, and higher in heavily anthropised areas than in more biodiverse ecosystems. As a matter of fact, the galloping urbanisation threatens to contribute to both the drivers of climate change and to the exposed environments, including—among others—flooding, heat waves, and heat islands. Far from reassuring narratives, the very liveability of cities is at stake if no urgent action is taken. Sure enough, major climate mitigation involves the development models and the socio-economic spheres—including, among others, production, consumption, long-range transportation, and wealth distribution. Nonetheless, local and regional climate impacts can be associated with buildings and with urban systems, where action is also possible at the level of adaptation. Therefore, a call is here made for advances in interdisciplinary dialogue among hard, applied, and social sciences towards increased, adequate knowledge in climate studies and in its direct and indirect effects onto the spheres of urban and regional planning and design, architectural technology, building design, landscape architecture, engineering physics, agro-ecology, construction sciences, urban botany, and more. Moving away from techno-centered approaches, a focus is proposed on key natural resources (starting from energy and water and up to the potential of nature-based solutions) and their crucial roles in all ecosystems, including the massively anthropised and depleted ones.

Dr. Silvio Cristiano
Dr. Giulio Hasanaj
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • urban planning and management
  • strong sustainability
  • climate resilience
  • architectural technology
  • urban heat islands
  • climate design
  • urban biodiversity
  • nature-based solutions
  • environmental design
  • planetary boundaries

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

46 pages, 16421 KB  
Article
An Adaptive Urban Project for Coastal Territories: The Lazio Coast as a Laboratory of Resilience and Ecological Transition
by Carmela Mariano, Alessandra De Cesaris, Carlo Valorani, Mattia Martin Azzella, Marsia Marino, Maria Racioppi, Chiara Filicetti and Federico Ianiri
Sustainability 2025, 17(21), 9388; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17219388 - 22 Oct 2025
Viewed by 484
Abstract
Within the ongoing scientific and disciplinary debate on the interplay between climate change and land-use governance, this paper highlights the critical role of urban planning and design in shaping environmental regeneration strategies for coastal urban areas vulnerable to flooding phenomena. These flood events—driven [...] Read more.
Within the ongoing scientific and disciplinary debate on the interplay between climate change and land-use governance, this paper highlights the critical role of urban planning and design in shaping environmental regeneration strategies for coastal urban areas vulnerable to flooding phenomena. These flood events—driven by the combined effects of sea-level rise (SLR) and riverine flood—represent one of the key challenges facing the “global risk society” given their increasing impact on urban areas and the tangible economic, social, and environmental damages they produce. In this context, this paper presents selected outcomes from the findings of the research project “Climate-proof planning and regeneration strategies for adaptation to sea-level rise. Experimentation and innovation in local urban planning in at-risk areas of the Lazio region”, conducted at Sapienza University of Rome. The project focuses on research and experimental planning in coastal areas of Lazio identified as being at risk of SLR-related flooding by 2100. It aims to define theoretical–methodological and operational references for urban regeneration with an ecosystemic approach within the framework of so-called climate-proof planning. This study examines three macro-areas, further subdivided into seven distinct sites, categorized by their prevailing urban functions. For each site, following a preliminary assessment of flood-prone zones, tailored design actions are proposed. These actions are framed within three overarching of urban resilience strategies, developed in previous research by the authors: “defence”, “adaptation”, and “relocation”. Full article
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23 pages, 30913 KB  
Article
From Waterpower to Fragility: Analysis of Historic Watermills in the Aterno Valley for Risk Assessment and Sustainable Development
by Ilaria Trizio, Antonio Mannella and Francesca Savini
Sustainability 2025, 17(18), 8328; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17188328 - 17 Sep 2025
Viewed by 484
Abstract
The interaction between humans and water has historically shaped landscapes, in which rivers played a central role in the development of territories. Among the infrastructures developed to manage water resources, watermills had always represented a key element of minor cultural heritage, reflecting centuries [...] Read more.
The interaction between humans and water has historically shaped landscapes, in which rivers played a central role in the development of territories. Among the infrastructures developed to manage water resources, watermills had always represented a key element of minor cultural heritage, reflecting centuries of adaptation to environmental, economic, and technological conditions. Although once central to river landscapes, these structures are now largely forgotten and at risk of being lost, particularly in Italy’s inner areas affected by rural depopulation, climate change, and natural hazards. The case analyzed in this paper, part of a larger research project, focuses on the analysis of watermills in the Aterno River valley in the Abruzzo region of central Italy. This fragile mountainous area is currently threatened by natural hazards and depopulation. The aim is to fill the gap in documentation on this “minor heritage,” which has been identified and cataloged, along a timeline of its vulnerabilities, starting from historical cartography, integrated with a localized field survey within a geographic information system. The GIS facilitates the cross-referencing of historical, geospatial, and environmental data, including hydrogeological and flood risk information. The results demonstrate how water, once a resource, has become a vulnerability factor and highlights the fragility of these historic artifacts, contextualized within the surrounding landscape. Full article
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