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Effects and Atmospheric Processes of Disaster Weather in the Context of Global Climate Change, 2nd Edition

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Guest Editor
International Center for Climate and Environment Sciences, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
Interests: synoptic meteorology; mesoscale meteorology; climate change; energy conversion; cyclones and vortices; multiscale interaction; numerical prediction systems
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Guest Editor
National Meteorological Center (NMC), China Meteorological Administration (CMA), Beijing 100081, China
Interests: synoptic meteorology; mesoscale meteorology; weather forecating; climate change; weather and climate in Qinghai Xizang Plateau; rinstorm and severe convective weather; mesoscale weather analysis
Renewable Energy Research Center, China Electric Power Research Institute (CEPRI), No.15 Xiaoying East Road, Qinghe, Beijing 100192, China
Interests: renewable energy resource assessment; renewable energy power forecast; electricity meteorology research and application
Key Laboratory of Regional Climate and Environment for Temperate East Asia, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
Interests: land-air interaction; regional climate simulation; simulation of climatic water effect of human activities

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In recent years, as global climate change intensifies rapidly, the natural environment continues to deteriorate notably. In this context, disaster weather (i.e., weather that seriously threatens people’s lives and property and causes heavy losses to industry, agriculture, transportation, etc.) tends to appear with a higher frequency and a larger intensity, which poses a serious threat to the safety of people's lives and property. In order to reach the Sustainable Development Goals of the world, for most countries, there are growing demands (i) to evaluate the impacts of disaster weathers on the environment, industry, agriculture, and society in the context of global climate change, (ii) understand the formation/maintenance mechanisms of the disaster weathers, and (iii) develop methods to improve the forecast level of disaster weather. As disaster weather includes many types of weather (i.e., torrential rainfall, high winds, tornado, hail, cold wave, etc.) and they can occur all year round in every region all over the world, it is important to reach a comprehensive understanding of their effects under the influence of climate change and determine the key atmospheric processes governing their evolution, which is challenging.

Here, we would like to extend this invitation to potentially interested researchers in the field of disaster weather, global climate change, sustainable development, etc. The title of this Special Issue, ‘Effects and Atmospheric Processes of Disaster Weather in the Context of Global Climate Change’, tries to partly address the issues discussed above, which will be useful complements to existing studies. The scope of this Special Issue includes, but is not limited to, the following relevant themes:

  • Variational trends in extreme precipitation under global climate change and their underlying mechanisms;
  • Variational trends in persistent heavy rainfall under global climate change and their possible mechanisms;
  • Impacts of extreme weather and climate events and global change on the operation of renewable energy;
  • Changes in renewable energy in the context of global climate change;
  • Regional simulations of disaster weather in warm/cold seasons;
  • Variational trends in high winds under global climate change and their associated mechanisms;
  • Mesoscale vortex- or extratropical cyclone-associated disaster weather;
  • Structural features and evolutions of the mesoscale convective systems that produce disaster weather;
  • Changes in the environmental conditions of disaster weather under global climate change.

Prof. Dr. Shenming Fu
Dr. Yun Chen
Prof. Bo Wang
Dr. Liang Chen
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • heavy rainfall
  • high wind
  • tornado
  • hail
  • cold wave
  • mesoscale vortex
  • extratropical cyclone
  • dense fog
  • mesoscale convective systems
  • thunderstorms
  • renewable energy
  • climate change

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

18 pages, 9226 KB  
Article
Statistical Characteristics of Hourly Extreme Heavy Rainfall over the Loess Plateau, China: A 43 Year Study
by Hui Yuan, Fan Hu, Wei Zhang, Xiaokai Meng, Yuan Gao and Shenming Fu
Sustainability 2025, 17(16), 7395; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17167395 - 15 Aug 2025
Viewed by 333
Abstract
The Loess Plateau, possessing the world’s most extensive loess deposits, is highly vulnerable to accelerated soil erosion and vegetation loss triggered by extreme hourly rainfall (EHR) events due to the inherently erodible nature of its porous, weakly cemented sediment structure. EHR exacerbates soil [...] Read more.
The Loess Plateau, possessing the world’s most extensive loess deposits, is highly vulnerable to accelerated soil erosion and vegetation loss triggered by extreme hourly rainfall (EHR) events due to the inherently erodible nature of its porous, weakly cemented sediment structure. EHR exacerbates soil erosion, induces flash flooding, compromises power infrastructure, and jeopardizes agricultural productivity. Through analysis of 43 years (1981–2023) of station observational data and ERA5 reanalysis, we present the first comprehensive assessment of EHR characteristics across the plateau. Results reveal pronounced spatial heterogeneity, with southeastern regions exhibiting higher EHR intensity thresholds and frequency compared to northwestern areas. EHR frequency correlates positively with elevation, while intensity decreases with altitude, demonstrating orographic modulation. Synoptic-scale background environment of EHR events is characterized by upper-level divergence, mid-tropospheric warm advection, and lower-tropospheric convergence, all of which are linked to summer monsoon systems. Temporally, EHR peaks in July during the East Asian summer monsoon and exhibits a bimodal diurnal cycle (0700/1700 LST). Long-term trends reveal a significant overall increase in the frequency of EHR events (~0.82 events a−1). While an overall increase in EHR intensity is also observed, it fails to achieve statistical significance due to opposing regional signals. Collectively, these trends elevate the risks of slope failures and debris flows. Our findings highlight three priority interventions: (i) implementation of elevation-adapted early warning systems, (ii) targeted agricultural soil conservation practices, and (iii) climate-resilient infrastructure design for high-risk valleys—all essential for safeguarding this ecologically sensitive region against intensifying hydroclimatic extremes. Full article
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