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Sustainability
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Reuse of Waste Materials in Road Construction
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Reuse of Waste Materials in Road Construction

A special issue of Sustainability (ISSN 2071-1050). This special issue belongs to the section "Waste and Recycling".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 May 2023) | Viewed by 3123

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Ahmad Safuan A Rashid

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Centre of Tropical Geoengineering, School of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
Interests: soil mechanics; geotechnical engineering; ground improvement; soil stabilisation
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Norhidayah Abdul Hassan

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
Interests: sustainable asphalt; smart/green pavement materials; materials characterisation; imaging techniques and X-ray computed tomography
Dr. Nor Zurairahetty Mohd Yunus

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
Interests: soil mechanics; geotechnical engineering; ground improvement; soil stabilization
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Waste material production has increased owing to the rising population, leading to environmental pollution. Therefore, using waste materials in civil engineering construction projects, including road layer construction, is of great importance in reducing environmental pollution, lowering costs, protecting natural resources, and finally, developing sustainable cities and communities, the 11th goal of the United Nations’ SDGs. Waste materials are divided into two main categories, namely industrial and agricultural wastes. Researchers have explored the potential uses of waste by-products in various projects. Road construction constitutes a main field in which waste materials can be employed in massive amounts due to the large-scale earthwork required in constructing pavement, base, subbase, and subgrade layers. Waste materials can be employed in diverse forms in road construction, including as single and composite materials.

Waste by-products are mixed with stabilising additives to make composite materials, which, when used in road layers, can be categorised based on the type of waste and the additives. The scientific community is further investigating possible developments in waste by-products’ application in road construction. In this context, this Special Issue aims to provide an excellent integrated platform for researchers, engineers, and practitioners to discuss and present their research findings and experiences regarding the applicability of waste material in road construction, covering a variety of research topics. The Potential topics include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • Soil stabilisation using waste materials;
  • Waste materials in asphalt and concrete pavements;
  • Development of new geocomposite using waste by-products;
  • By-product self-sensing geocomposites;
  • Application of waste by-products in road construction;
  • Technical and economic comparisons of waste by-product geopolymers with traditional stabilisers, stabilisation of waste by-products with additives such as lime, cement, and other chemical additives;
  • Life cycle cost (LCC) assessment of waste by-product geocomposites;
  • State of the art reviews on application of waste -by-products in road and railway construction, soil stabilisation, and pavement materials.

This Special Issue presents a selection of papers related to the abovementioned topics. As editors, we are sincerely grateful to the authors and reviewers, who, through hard work and high standards of excellence, made this collection of insightful articles possible.

Dr. Ahmad Safuan A Rashid
Dr. Norhidayah Abdul Hassan
Dr. Nor Zurairahetty Mohd Yunus
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sustainability is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • waste material and waste by-products
  • environmental pollution
  • road layers
  • geocomposite
  • life cycle cost (LCC)
  • chemical additives

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

18 pages, 4382 KiB  
Article
A Laboratory Investigation Regarding Storage Stability of the CRM-Modified Bitumen—CRM Processing Method (Untreated vs. Treated)
by Jihyeon Yun, Shyaamkrishnan Vigneswaran, Moon-Sup Lee and Soon-Jae Lee
Sustainability 2023, 15(14), 10825; https://doi.org/10.3390/su151410825 - 10 Jul 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 851
Abstract
The aim of this study is to analyze the phase separation that occurs between treated and untreated rubber crumb particles produced by wet processes in the laboratory. The percentage of replacement used for both the treated and untreated crumb rubber-modified asphalt (CRMA) was [...] Read more.
The aim of this study is to analyze the phase separation that occurs between treated and untreated rubber crumb particles produced by wet processes in the laboratory. The percentage of replacement used for both the treated and untreated crumb rubber-modified asphalt (CRMA) was 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%. Tests to evaluate binder properties were performed using a rotational viscometer and a DSR, and the following properties were determined—viscosity, G*/sinδ, % recovery, and Jnr. The phase separation study was analyzed using the viscosity and G*/sinδ results. In general, the results of the study show the following. (1) The treated CRMA binders had higher viscosity values than untreated CRMA binders, although some values could not be measured due to the high viscosity values. (2) The G*/sinδ, % recovery and Jnr results also had a similar trend with viscosity results. (3) The viscosity and G*/sinδ phase separation values demonstrate that treated CRMA binders perform better than untreated CRMA binders. (4) Different experimental methods have shown variations in the calculated SI value; hence, a more improved approach should be explored to accurately assess the storage stability of asphalt binders containing various additives. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Reuse of Waste Materials in Road Construction)
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18 pages, 4626 KiB  
Article
Compressive and Shear Strengths of Coir Fibre Reinforced Activated Carbon Stabilised Lateritic Soil
by Sakina Tamassoki, Nik Norsyahariati Nik Daud, Fauzan Mohd Jakarni, Faradiella Mohd. Kusin, Ahmad Safuan A. Rashid and Mohammad Jawed Roshan
Sustainability 2022, 14(15), 9100; https://doi.org/10.3390/su14159100 - 25 Jul 2022
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 1934
Abstract
Constructing structures on lateritic soil is challenging in geotechnical engineering due to the various physical and geotechnical characteristics. Many studies investigated different stabiliser materials to strengthen the geotechnical parameters of lateritic soil. This study used activated carbon and coir fibre (ACF) to stabilise [...] Read more.
Constructing structures on lateritic soil is challenging in geotechnical engineering due to the various physical and geotechnical characteristics. Many studies investigated different stabiliser materials to strengthen the geotechnical parameters of lateritic soil. This study used activated carbon and coir fibre (ACF) to stabilise lateritic soils as an environmentally friendly binder. Experiments including the unconfined compressive strength (UCS) test and the direct shear test (DST) are performed to investigate the mechanical properties of ACF-stabilised soil for different percentages of activated carbon (AC). Before and after ACF stabilisation, microstructural characterisations of soil samples were performed using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and surface-area analysis (BET). The experimental results demonstrate that 3% ACF can considerably enhance the compressive strength, while 2% ACF significantly improves the shear strength, of lateritic soil. Accordant to the UCS results, using fibre in AC-stabilised soil improves post-peak behaviour and residual strength. Moreover, 2% ACF can significantly improve shear strength by creating an interlocking matrix among AC, soil particles, and fibre. The microstructural characterisation based on the findings obtained by FESEM and BET analysis confirms that AC particles fill soil voids. AC restrains the soil movement when exposed to external stresses. In addition, the formation of gel in the stabilised soil matrix binds the soil particles, increasing the strength of the ACF-stabilised soil in comparison with untreated soil. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Reuse of Waste Materials in Road Construction)
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