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Green Building Intelligence: Evaluating Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Solutions

A special issue of Sustainability (ISSN 2071-1050).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 April 2026 | Viewed by 168

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Piazzale V. Tecchio, 80, 80125 Naples, Italy
Interests: net-zero energy buildings; zero-emission buildings; heating ventilation and air-conditioning systems; building physics; renewable energy systems; build-ing-integrated photovoltaics (BIPV); decentralized energy solutions; carbon neutrality; energy efficiency; multi-objective optimization; multi-criteria deci-sion making; robustness assessment
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Bartin University, Bartin 74110, Turkey
Interests: renewable energy; energy economy; optimization; electric vehicles

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Guest Editor
1. Center for Research and Technology Hellas, Thermi, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
2. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Democritus University of Thrace(DUTH), 67100 Xanthi, Greece
Interests: AI for energy systems; predictive control; energy forecasting; smart grids; microgrids; energy efficiency in buildings; energy management systems; adaptive control; internet of things; decarbonization
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Achieving carbon neutrality in the built environment hinges on the integration of innovative renewable energy technologies and rigorous energy efficiency evaluations in green buildings. This special issue invites contributions that examine both the technological innovations and performance assessments necessary to optimize renewable energy systems in building design.

The focus of the issue is on the integration of renewable sources—such as solar, wind, bioenergy, and geothermal—directly into building infrastructure. Authors are encouraged to explore advanced applications, including building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPV), Net Zero Energy Buildings, and Zero Emission Buildings, along with pioneering solutions like agrivoltaics that combine solar energy production with agricultural land use. In addition to these system integrations, the issue will delve into the evaluation of hybrid systems that pair multiple renewable energy sources, smart energy management strategies leveraging AI and IoT, and the role of energy storage solutions in ensuring reliable and efficient energy supply.

Researchers and practitioners from various disciplines are invited to contribute work that spans practical applications, simulation-based assessments, and policy development. The aim is to provide a comprehensive framework for evaluating energy performance and technological advancements in renewable energy systems—from decentralized building-level applications to their integration with larger energy grids. This special issue seeks to drive the development of sustainable, energy-efficient urban environments and accelerate the transition toward a carbon-neutral future.

In this Special Issue, original research articles and reviews are welcome. Research areas may include (but not limited to) the following:

  • Building-Integrated Renewable Energy Systems: Incorporating solar photovoltaics, wind turbines, geothermal, and bioenergy solutions to achieve net-zero buildings.
  • Energy-Efficient Building Designs: Implementing strategies that reduce energy consumption while improving the integration of renewable resources.
  • Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems: Combining different technologies (e.g., solar with bioenergy or geothermal) for residential, commercial, and industrial applications.
  • Smart Energy Management for Buildings: Leveraging AI, IoT, and digital tools to optimize both renewable energy generation and consumption at the building level.
  • Agrivoltaics: Merging solar energy production with agricultural practices to maximize land use and boost sustainability.
  • Renewable Energy for Urban Infrastructure: Integrating renewable sources into urban planning and smart city designs.
  • Scaling Renewable Energy from Buildings to the Grid: Developing methods to connect decentralized energy generation with large-scale grid systems.
  • Energy Storage Technologies: Advancing storage solutions such as batteries and thermal storage to ensure a reliable energy supply from intermittent sources.
  • Renewable Energy in Rural and Agricultural Contexts: Creating off-grid and small-scale solutions tailored to the needs of remote and farming communities.
  • Policy and Economic Models: Crafting frameworks and incentives to support both building-scale and large-scale deployment of renewable energy, including solar, wind, and hybrid systems.
  • Environmental and Life-Cycle Assessments: Evaluating the sustainability and carbon footprint of renewable energy systems across multiple scales.
  • Socio-Economic Impacts: Analyzing how renewable energy adoption affects community resilience, energy equity, and rural development.
  • Cross-Sectoral Applications: Integrating renewable energy into sectors like transportation, industry, and agriculture, in addition to buildings and cities.

This special issue invites interdisciplinary research that spans the entire spectrum of renewable energy deployment—from individual buildings to expansive energy networks—providing holistic and scalable strategies for achieving carbon neutrality.

We look forward to receiving your contributions. 

Dr. Federico Minelli
Dr. Hasan Huseyin Coban
Dr. Panagiotis Michailidis
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sustainability is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • renewable energy systems
  • building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPV)
  • hybrid energy systems
  • energy storage technologies
  • agrivoltaics
  • smart energy management
  • carbon neutrality
  • net-zero energy buildings
  • grid integration
  • phase change materials
  • green buildings

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

23 pages, 2663 KiB  
Article
How Nanofluids May Enhance Energy Efficiency and Carbon Footprint in Buildings?
by Sylwia Wciślik
Sustainability 2025, 17(15), 7035; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17157035 (registering DOI) - 2 Aug 2025
Abstract
Nanofluids are an innovative working medium in solar hot water installations (DHWs), thanks to their increased thermal conductivity and heat transfer coefficient. The aim of this work was to assess the effect of Al2O3 nanofluids in a water–ethylene glycol base [...] Read more.
Nanofluids are an innovative working medium in solar hot water installations (DHWs), thanks to their increased thermal conductivity and heat transfer coefficient. The aim of this work was to assess the effect of Al2O3 nanofluids in a water–ethylene glycol base (40:60%) and with the addition of Tween 80 surfactant (0.2 wt%) on thermal efficiency (ε) and exergy (ηex) in a plate heat exchanger at DHW flows of 3 and 12 L/min. The numerical NTU–ε model was used with dynamic updating of thermophysical properties of nanofluids and the solution of the ODE system using the ode45 method, and the validation was carried out against the literature data. The results showed that the nanofluids achieved ε ≈ 0.85 (vs. ε ≈ 0.87 for the base fluid) and ηex ≈ 0.72 (vs. ηex ≈ 0.74), with higher entropy generation. The addition of Tween 80 reduced the viscosity by about 10–15%, resulting in a slight increase of Re and h-factor; however, the impact on ε and ηex was marginal. The environmental analysis with an annual demand of Q = 3000 kWh/year and an emission factor of 0.2 kg CO2/kWh showed that for ε < 0.87 the nanofluids increased the emissions by ≈16 kg CO2/year, while at ε ≈ 0.92, a reduction of ≈5% was possible. This paper highlights the need to optimize nanofluid viscosity and exchanger geometry to maximize energy and environmental benefits. Nowadays, due to the growing problems of global warming, the analysis of energy efficiency and carbon footprint related to the functioning of a building seems to be crucial. Full article
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