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Sustainability
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Sustainable Environmental Bioprocesses for Resource Recovery
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Sustainable Environmental Bioprocesses for Resource Recovery

A special issue of Sustainability (ISSN 2071-1050). This special issue belongs to the section "Environmental Sustainability and Applications".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2023) | Viewed by 2294

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Naim Rashid

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Division of Sustainable Development, College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
Interests: algal biotechnology; aerobic and anaerobic microbial growth; fermentation; water and wastewater treatment; bioremediation; bio-energy production; resource recovery
Dr. Thinesh Selvaratnam

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, Lamar University, Beaumont, TX 77705, USA
Interests: biotechnology; microalgae; energy-positive domestic water and wastewater treatment: bioremediation of various industrial wastewaters; water treatment and testing systems for emergencies; food–water–environment nexus

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The sustainability of bio-refinery concepts is a fundamental decision-making criterion that involves the economic, social, and environmental suitability of technologies within the framework of life cycle assessment and techno-economic analysis. In recent years, environmental technologies have been extensively studied for a variety of applications to promote bio-refinery concepts. Traditional environmental techniques have relied on treatment processes to safeguard the environment and reduce the greenhouse emissions burden. Recent technologies have transformed from treatment to resource recovery and recycling. This concept offers economic and environmental benefits with the potential to recover resources in the form of water, energy, organic material, bio-products, trace materials, and much more. The purpose of this Special Issue, entitled “Sustainable Environmental Bioprocesses for Resource Recovery”, is to provide insights into advanced environmental bioprocesses and expand knowledge to assess their sustainability.

We invite original research articles as well as review articles on (but not limited to)  the following themes:

  • Advanced microbial processes to recover bio-energy
  • Advanced concepts in wastewater treatment processes to recover (or reuse) water, energy, carbon, metals, and bio-products
  • Aerobic and anaerobic bioprocesses that reduce environmental footprints and increase environmental sustainability
  • Algal bioprocess for bio-energy production, water reclamation, and value-added bio-refinery product generation
  • Sustainable production of single-cell proteins, bioplastics, and photo-pigments
  • Advances in the bioremediation of wastewaters

We look forward to receiving your contributions.

Dr. Naim Rashid
Dr. Thinesh Selvaratnam
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sustainability is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • sustainable bioprocesses
  • bioremediation
  • resource recovery and reuse
  • environmental sustainability
  • algal biorefinery

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 5485 KiB  
Article
Carica papaya Crude Extracts Are an Efficient Source of Environmentally Friendly Biogenic Synthesizers of Silver Nanoparticles
by Ghulam Zahara Jahangir, Tayyabah Anjum, Naim Rashid, Madeha Sadiq, Rida Farooq, Mubeen Akhtar, Sana Hussain, Anwaar Iftikhar, Muhammad Zafar Saleem and Rehan Sadiq Shaikh
Sustainability 2023, 15(24), 16633; https://doi.org/10.3390/su152416633 - 07 Dec 2023
Viewed by 922
Abstract
Metallic nanoparticles are very useful, effective, and usually synthesized by toxic and expensive chemicals. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), measuring less than 100 nm, have shown promising impact in several biomedical investigations. These can inhibit microbial growth and aid in medicine administration. Six substrates of [...] Read more.
Metallic nanoparticles are very useful, effective, and usually synthesized by toxic and expensive chemicals. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), measuring less than 100 nm, have shown promising impact in several biomedical investigations. These can inhibit microbial growth and aid in medicine administration. Six substrates of Carica papaya were used to synthesize silver nanoparticles that can limit the growth of bacteria and fungi. In this article, we report the synthesis of AgNPs from the leaf, seed, callus, peel, fruit juice, and bark of Carica papaya. AgNPs synthesized from callus showed the most promising results when tested against the growth of bacteria like Xanthomonas campestris, Erwinia carotovera, Bacillus subtilis, and fungi (Aspergillus niger and Fusarium oxysporum) when compared with other extracts’ efficacy, and the callus was regenerated from petiole and midrib explants of Carica papaya in MS basal media supplemented with NAA and Kinetin (1 + 0.5 mg/L). A ratio of 1:20 of substrate extract to 1 mM AgNO3 produced the most effective nanoparticles in terms of capping, quality, and stability when tested through surface plasmon resonance (SPR) within the 400–435 nm range. The nanoparticle sizes of all six types were measured using Image J software on micrographs of SEM at 200 nm resolution. The average diameters were analyzed through Origin software, and the finest AgNPs were observed to be synthesized from callus extract, i.e., 18.91 nm with rod-like morphology. Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) at 2.6 keV revealed 43.38, 75.39, 70.611, 36.54, 58.57, and 45.94 percent elemental silver in AgNPs formed from the leaf, callus, juice, seed, bark, and peel extract, respectively. Silver nanoparticles synthesized from callus extract were smaller and exhibited the most effective antimicrobial potential, with the highest inhibitory zone of 19 mm against Xanthomonas campestris bacterium and up to 14 mm against Aspergillus niger fungus. Furthermore, the percentage of elemental Ag (measured through EDX) was found to be highest in the nanoparticles synthesized from callus compared to those synthesized from the leaf, seed, peel, fruit juice, and bark of Carica papaya. Hence, the callus extract is the most suitable substrate for the reduction of silver nitrate solution in 1:20 to form the finest silver nanoparticles in an effective biogenic way. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Environmental Bioprocesses for Resource Recovery)
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19 pages, 4546 KiB  
Article
Remediation of Acid Mine Drainage in the Haizhou Open-Pit Mine through Coal-Gangue-Loaded SRB Experiments
by Yanrong Dong, Ziqing Gao, Junzhen Di, Dong Wang, Zhenhua Yang, Xuying Guo, Ying Li, Xiaotong Zhu and Guixian Wang
Sustainability 2023, 15(12), 9375; https://doi.org/10.3390/su15129375 - 09 Jun 2023
Viewed by 969
Abstract
To address the pollution problem of acid mine drainage (AMD) characterized by high concentrations of Fe2+, Mn2+, and SO42−, a combination of coal gangue (CG) and sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) was employed. The effects of coal-gangue dosage, [...] Read more.
To address the pollution problem of acid mine drainage (AMD) characterized by high concentrations of Fe2+, Mn2+, and SO42−, a combination of coal gangue (CG) and sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) was employed. The effects of coal-gangue dosage, SRB inoculation concentration, and temperature on AMD treatment with coal-gangue-loaded SRB were determined through single-factor experiments and response surface methodology (RSM) experiments. By considering the principles of adsorption isotherms, adsorption kinetics, and reduction kinetics, the removal mechanisms of SO42−, Fe2+, and Mn2+ in AMD using coal gangue-loaded SRB in the the Haizhou open-pit mine was revealed. The results showed that the overall effectiveness of the four types of coal-gangue-loaded SRB in repairing AMD was as follows: 3# CG-loaded SRB > 2# CG-loaded SRB > 1# CG-loaded SRB > 4# CG-loaded SRB, with coal-gangue-loaded SRB in the the Haizhou open-pit mine showing the best performance. According to the RSM test, the optimum conditions for repairing AMD with coal-gangue-loaded SRB in the open-pit mine were a coal-gangue dosage of 52 g, SRB inoculation concentration of 11.7%, and temperature of 33.4 °C. The order of factors affecting the removal of SO42− and Fe2+ from AMD by SRB loaded on coal gangue was SRB inoculation concentration > temperature > coal-gangue dosage. For Mn2+, the order of influence was temperature > SRB inoculation concentration > coal-gangue dosage. In the process of repairing Fe2+ with coal-gangue-loaded SRB in the the Haizhou open-pit mine, the biological activity metabolism of SRB played a leading role, while the adsorption isotherm of Mn2+ followed the Freundlich model. The adsorption kinetics of coal-gangue-loaded SRB in the the Haizhou open-pit mine for Fe2+ and Mn2+ in AMD conformed to Lagergren’s second-order kinetic model, while the reduction kinetics of SO42− conformed to a first-order reaction model. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Environmental Bioprocesses for Resource Recovery)
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