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Conservation of Biodiversity in Forest and Agroecosystems Under Climate Change

A special issue of Sustainability (ISSN 2071-1050). This special issue belongs to the section "Sustainability, Biodiversity and Conservation".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 June 2026 | Viewed by 869

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Bio-Agrodiversity Team, Biology, Ecology, and Health Laboratory, Sciences Faculty, Université Abdelmalek Essaadi, Tétouan, Morocco
Interests: agrobiodiversity; traditional agroecosystems; plant ecology

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Guest Editor
Regional Center of Agricultural Research of Marrakech, National Institute of Agricultural Research, Avenue Ennasr, Rabat Principale, P.O. Box 415, 10090 Rabat, Morocco
Interests: plant ecology; functional ecology; biodiversity conservation; agroecosystems; climate change

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The accelerating impacts of climate change—particularly rising aridity and increasingly frequent, prolonged droughts—are profoundly reshaping ecosystems and threatening biodiversity across the globe. Forests and agroecosystems are especially vulnerable, as their structure, function, and productivity are tightly linked to climatic stability. These systems provide critical ecological services and are essential for food security, rural livelihoods, and the maintenance of genetic resources. However, growing evidence highlights climate change-induced disruptions in key ecological processes, including altered phenology, reduced water availability, declining soil fertility, and shifts in pest and disease dynamics.

In this context, the sustainable management and conservation of biodiversity and genetic resources in both forest and agricultural landscapes are more urgent than ever. This Special Issue seeks to contribute to this global effort by providing a platform for original research articles, case studies, preliminary findings, and review papers that address how climate change is influencing vegetation structure, species diversity, and ecosystem resilience. A particular focus is placed on sustainable conservation practices, adaptive strategies, and the role of traditional agroecosystems in enhancing biodiversity and ensuring long-term sustainability.

We encourage submissions that align with and contribute to the achievement of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly the following:

  • SDG 2: Zero Hunger, via the role of agrobiodiversity in sustainable food systems under climate change.
  • SDG 12: Responsible Consumption and Production, by promoting sustainable land use and genetic resource management under climate change.
  • SDG 13: Climate Action, by addressing climate resilience in land-based ecosystems under climate change.
  • SDG 15: Life on Land, through the conservation and sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems under climate change.

Topics of interest include (but are not limited to) the following:

  • Climate change’s impacts on forest and agroecosystem biodiversity.
  • Conservation of plant genetic resources under environmental stress.
  • Biodiversity management and ecosystem-based adaptation strategies.
  • The ecological and cultural role of traditional agroecosystems.
  • Sustainable land use and agroecological practices.
  • Community-based conservation and resilience approaches.
  • Functional strategies, vegetation shifts, and phenological responses.
  • Soil health, water dynamics, and ecosystem services under climate stress.

This Special Issue welcomes interdisciplinary and applied research that bridges science, practice, and policy, aiming to foster sustainable solutions in the face of climate change.

Prof. Dr. Mohammed Ater
Dr. Jalal Kassout
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sustainability is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • biodiversity conservation
  • genetic resources
  • forest ecosystems
  • agroecosystems
  • ecological adaptation
  • ecosystem resilience
  • community-based conservation
  • sustainable development
  • drought stress
  • sustainable land use
  • conservation strategies
  • climate adaptation
  • mitigation strategies

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

26 pages, 3125 KB  
Article
Functional Trait-Based Responses of the Moroccan Menara Cultivar to Deficit Irrigation
by Houda Souali, Khaoula Ibba, Hamza Ahrouch, Asma Zahiri, Kaoutar El Issaoui, Bouchra Rabi, Basma Choukrane, Vladimiro Andrea Boselli, Rachid Hadria, Salah Er-Raki, Sara Oulbi, Driss Hsissou, Mohammed Ater and Jalal Kassout
Sustainability 2025, 17(23), 10614; https://doi.org/10.3390/su172310614 - 26 Nov 2025
Viewed by 597
Abstract
The olive tree (Olea europaea L.) is a keystone species in Mediterranean agroecosystems, where it plays a central economic and cultural role. However, the Mediterranean Basin is increasingly exposed to climate change, with rising temperatures and prolonged droughts threatening the long-term sustainability [...] Read more.
The olive tree (Olea europaea L.) is a keystone species in Mediterranean agroecosystems, where it plays a central economic and cultural role. However, the Mediterranean Basin is increasingly exposed to climate change, with rising temperatures and prolonged droughts threatening the long-term sustainability of olive cultivation. Understanding the adaptive responses of olive trees to water scarcity is critical for ensuring resilience in olive-based agroecosystems. This study investigates the functional responses of the Moroccan Menara olive cultivar under different controlled deficit irrigation (DI) strategies, namely regulated (RDI) and sustained (SDI) deficit irrigation. By analyzing key leaf functional and biochemical traits, we assessed how varying levels of water stress influence resource allocation and stress mitigation mechanisms. Under full irrigation (100% of crop water evapotranspiration) throughout the growing season and during sensitive growth periods, trees exhibited increased stomatal density, leaf area, and higher leaf carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus contents, traits associated with enhanced growth and photosynthetic capacity. Meanwhile, under RDI treatments, with a 20% water reduction during sensitive periods and 40% during non-sensitive periods, Menara trees showed increased leaf tissue density and accumulation of polyphenols. SDI treatments, however, triggered higher concentrations of osmoprotectants (glycine, sugars, and proline), reduced stomatal density, and smaller leaf area associated with increased stomatal size. Principal component analysis revealed a major trade-off between growth-related and stress-protective traits, primarily driven by water availability during phenological growth stages. Notably, the strength of this trade-off was positively associated with olive fruit yield, underscoring the importance of strategically timed irrigation in balancing physiological resilience and productivity. These findings emphasize the crucial role of irrigation strategy in modulating functional responses of olive trees to water deficit, offering insights into optimizing water use under future climate scenarios. Full article
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