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Flexible/Wearable Electronics Sensors
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Flexible/Wearable Electronics Sensors

A special issue of Sensors (ISSN 1424-8220). This special issue belongs to the section "Wearables".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2022) | Viewed by 10846

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Soaram Kim

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
Interests: Graphene; ZnO; 2D materials; polymers; flexible/stretchable/wearable electronics; energy harvesting and storage systems; sensors (physical, chemical, biological, radiological)
Dr. Kevin M. Daniels

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
Interests: 2D materials; transition metal oxides and dichalcogenides; environmental and biological sensors; batteries; fuel cells

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleague,

Flexible/wearable electronics with piezoresistive, capacitive, transistive, piezoelectric, and triboelectric properties have rapidly expanded over the past decade due to the demands of the worldwide Internet of things (IoT). Recent flexible/wearable technology is making use of sensors in a wide area of physical, chemical, biological, and radiological sensing, and sensing data can be used to analyze the workplace, home, and hospital in areas from environmental monitoring to medical diagnostics. However, these technologies still have several challenges, such as sensing resolution, complex fabrication, micropatterned structure, and high cost due to their specific requirements for the geometry. Thus, further development of new materials and simple fabrication techniques with low-cost processes are necessary for various flexible/wearable sensor fields in smart environmental/health monitoring systems and implantable biosensors.

In this Special Issue, you are invited to submit contributions covering developments in any area of flexible/wearable electronic sensors from nanoscale to macroscale dimensions. The scope of this Special Issue includes different types of sensors, new materials and applications, experimental verifications, fabrication techniques, theory, modeling and integration, design and optimization, networks, and data fusion.

Dr. Soaram Kim
Dr. Kevin M. Daniels
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sensors is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • physical sensors
  • chemical sensors
  • biological sensors
  • radiological sensors
  • environmental sensors
  • sensor materials and fabrications
  • sensor systems and networks
  • sensor systems for the Internet of things
  • flexible, stretchable, and wearable sensors

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 1050 KiB  
Article
Sensitivity to Haptic Sound-Localization Cues at Different Body Locations
by Mark D. Fletcher, Jana Zgheib and Samuel W. Perry
Sensors 2021, 21(11), 3770; https://doi.org/10.3390/s21113770 - 28 May 2021
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 3147
Abstract
Cochlear implants (CIs) recover hearing in severely to profoundly hearing-impaired people by electrically stimulating the cochlea. While they are extremely effective, spatial hearing is typically severely limited. Recent studies have shown that haptic stimulation can supplement the electrical CI signal (electro-haptic stimulation) and [...] Read more.
Cochlear implants (CIs) recover hearing in severely to profoundly hearing-impaired people by electrically stimulating the cochlea. While they are extremely effective, spatial hearing is typically severely limited. Recent studies have shown that haptic stimulation can supplement the electrical CI signal (electro-haptic stimulation) and substantially improve sound localization. In haptic sound-localization studies, the signal is extracted from the audio received by behind-the-ear devices and delivered to each wrist. Localization is achieved using tactile intensity differences (TIDs) across the wrists, which match sound intensity differences across the ears (a key sound localization cue). The current study established sensitivity to across-limb TIDs at three candidate locations for a wearable haptic device, namely: the lower tricep and the palmar and dorsal wrist. At all locations, TID sensitivity was similar to the sensitivity to across-ear intensity differences for normal-hearing listeners. This suggests that greater haptic sound-localization accuracy than previously shown can be achieved. The dynamic range was also measured and far exceeded that available through electrical CI stimulation for all of the locations, suggesting that haptic stimulation could provide additional sound-intensity information. These results indicate that an effective haptic aid could be deployed for any of the candidate locations, and could offer a low-cost, non-invasive means of improving outcomes for hearing-impaired listeners. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Flexible/Wearable Electronics Sensors)
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14 pages, 3046 KiB  
Article
Wearable Flexible Strain Sensor Based on Three-Dimensional Wavy Laser-Induced Graphene and Silicone Rubber
by Lixiong Huang, Han Wang, Peixuan Wu, Weimin Huang, Wei Gao, Feiyu Fang, Nian Cai, Rouxi Chen and Ziming Zhu
Sensors 2020, 20(15), 4266; https://doi.org/10.3390/s20154266 - 30 Jul 2020
Cited by 53 | Viewed by 6829
Abstract
Laser-induced graphene (LIG) has the advantages of one-step fabrication, prominent mechanical performance, as well as high conductivity; it acts as the ideal material to fabricate flexible strain sensors. In this study, a wearable flexible strain sensor consisting of three-dimensional (3D) wavy LIG and [...] Read more.
Laser-induced graphene (LIG) has the advantages of one-step fabrication, prominent mechanical performance, as well as high conductivity; it acts as the ideal material to fabricate flexible strain sensors. In this study, a wearable flexible strain sensor consisting of three-dimensional (3D) wavy LIG and silicone rubber was reported. With a laser to scan on a polyimide film, 3D wavy LIG could be synthesized on the wavy surface of a mold. The wavy-LIG strain sensor was developed by transferring LIG to silicone rubber substrate and then packaging. For stress concentration, the ultimate strain primarily took place in the troughs of wavy LIG, resulting in higher sensitivity and less damage to LIG during stretching. As a result, the wavy-LIG strain sensor achieved high sensitivity (gauge factor was 37.8 in a range from 0% to 31.8%, better than the planar-LIG sensor), low hysteresis (1.39%) and wide working range (from 0% to 47.7%). The wavy-LIG strain sensor had a stable and rapid dynamic response; its reversibility and repeatability were demonstrated. After 5000 cycles, the signal peak varied by only 2.32%, demonstrating the long-term durability. Besides, its applications in detecting facial skin expansion, muscle movement, and joint movement, were discussed. It is considered a simple, efficient, and low-cost method to fabricate a flexible strain sensor with high sensitivity and structural robustness. Furthermore, the wavy-LIG strain senor can be developed into wearable sensing devices for virtual/augmented reality or electronic skin. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Flexible/Wearable Electronics Sensors)
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