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Smart Sensing for Failure Diagnosis in Structures and Machine Components: 2nd Edition

A special issue of Sensors (ISSN 1424-8220). This special issue belongs to the section "Intelligent Sensors".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 25 September 2025 | Viewed by 2947

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Centre for Life-Cycle Engineering and Management, Cranfield University, College Road, Cranfield MK43 0AL, UK
Interests: additively manufactured polymers; damage mechanics; maintenance engineering; asset management, polymer tribology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues, 

Catastropic performance failures in structures and machine components are always considered high risk. In the past, conventional sensing tools were used to diagnose the failure prior to any significant physical damage or reduction in performance. Failure diagnosis is now being performed in real time and in an effective manner due to the evolution in digital technologies, data communication rate, cloud storage, intelligent algorithms for big data, and virtual and augmented reality-based assessment. Sensing frameworks are now becoming smart with desired automation. 

This Special Issue will provide research focusing on failure diagnosis in structures and machine components with the help of smart sensing elements and technologies. Research using both invasive and non-invasive sensing for failure diagnosis is invited.

Dr. Muhammad Khan
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

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Keywords

  • failure diagnosis
  • smart sensing
  • structure health monitoring
  • near-real-time diagnosis
  • invasive and non invasive sensing
  • big data
  • intelligent algorithms

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Related Special Issue

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

18 pages, 7021 KiB  
Article
Enhanced Fatigue Crack Detection in Complex Structure with Large Cutout Using Nonlinear Lamb Wave
by Suofeng Zhang, Yuan Liu and Shenfang Yuan
Sensors 2024, 24(21), 6872; https://doi.org/10.3390/s24216872 - 26 Oct 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1165
Abstract
The large cutout structure is a key component in the bottom skin of an airplane wing, and is susceptible to developing fatigue cracks under service loads. Early fatigue crack detection is crucial to ensure structural safety and reduce maintenance costs. Nonlinear Lamb wave [...] Read more.
The large cutout structure is a key component in the bottom skin of an airplane wing, and is susceptible to developing fatigue cracks under service loads. Early fatigue crack detection is crucial to ensure structural safety and reduce maintenance costs. Nonlinear Lamb wave techniques show significant potential in microcrack monitoring. However, nonlinear components are often relatively weak. In addition, a large cutout structure introduces complex boundary conditions for Lamb wave propagation, making nonlinear Lamb wave monitoring more challenging. This article proposes an integrated data processing method, combining phase inversion with continuous wavelet transform (CWT) to enhance crack detection in complex structures, with phase-velocity desynchronization adopted to suppress the material nonlinearity. Experiments on a large cutout aluminum alloy plate with thickness variations were conducted to validate the proposed method, and the results demonstrated its effectiveness in detecting fatigue cracks. Furthermore, this study found that nonlinear components are more effective than linear components in monitoring closed cracks. Full article
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38 pages, 17422 KiB  
Article
Potential of Non-Contact Dynamic Response Measurements for Predicting Small Size or Hidden Damages in Highly Damped Structures
by Zakrya Azouz, Barmak Honarvar Shakibaei Asli and Muhammad Khan
Sensors 2024, 24(18), 5871; https://doi.org/10.3390/s24185871 - 10 Sep 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1343
Abstract
Vibration-based structural health monitoring (SHM) is essential for evaluating structural integrity. Traditional methods using contact vibration sensors like accelerometers have limitations in accessibility, coverage, and impact on structural dynamics. Recent digital advancements offer new solutions through high-speed camera-based measurements. This study explores how [...] Read more.
Vibration-based structural health monitoring (SHM) is essential for evaluating structural integrity. Traditional methods using contact vibration sensors like accelerometers have limitations in accessibility, coverage, and impact on structural dynamics. Recent digital advancements offer new solutions through high-speed camera-based measurements. This study explores how camera settings (speed and resolution) influence the accuracy of dynamic response measurements for detecting small cracks in damped cantilever beams. Different beam thicknesses affect damping, altering dynamic response parameters such as frequency and amplitude, which are crucial for damage quantification. Experiments were conducted on 3D-printed Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) cantilever beams with varying crack depth ratios from 0% to 60% of the beam thickness. The study utilised the Canny edge detection technique and Fast Fourier Transform to analyse vibration behaviour captured by cameras at different settings. The results show an optimal set of camera resolutions and frame rates for accurately capturing dynamic responses. Empirical models based on four image resolutions were validated against experimental data, achieving over 98% accuracy for predicting the natural frequency and around 90% for resonance amplitude. The optimal frame rate for measuring natural frequency and amplitude was found to be 2.4 times the beam’s natural frequency. The findings provide a method for damage assessment by establishing a relationship between crack depth, beam thickness, and damping ratio. Full article
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