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Advanced Sensors for Intelligent Robotic Systems: Vision, Touch, and Dexterous Manipulation

A special issue of Sensors (ISSN 1424-8220). This special issue belongs to the section "Sensors and Robotics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 28 February 2026 | Viewed by 2019

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
School of advanced manufacturing,Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
Interests: cable-driven flexible robotic arm; visual–tactile sensors; multimodal perception and manipulation; robotic dexterous hand

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Guest Editor
Shenzhen Graduate School of Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
Interests: intelligent robots; including dynamics and control; teleoperation; deep reinforcement learning; fault diagnosis

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Guest Editor
Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, HK 999077, Hong Kong
Interests: artificial intelligence; biomedical engineering (BME); motion control and manufacturing; robotics; sensors
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The rapid development of sensors ( vision, tactile sensing, etc.) is revolutionizing embodied intelligence in robotics, particularly in achieving human-level dexterous manipulation. For example, vision provides essential spatial cognition, while ​tactile sensing offers physical interaction intelligence that is fundamentally inaccessible to optical systems. In addition, recent breakthroughs in the AI-driven multimodal fusion of advanced sensors are overcoming longstanding challenges in adaptive grasping, deformable object manipulation, and real-time interaction with dynamic environments.

This Special Issue seeks research investigating ​transformative sensing technologies that bridge the perception–action gap, with emphasis on vision–touch co-design frameworks and their applications in closed-loop manipulation. We welcome contributions spanning from fundamental sensor innovations to applications in medical robotics, industrial automation, and collaborative robots. Priority will be given to solutions demonstrating both theoretical advancement and practical validation, including the following:

  • Tactile sensing technologies and applications;
  • Advanced sensor design and perception methods;
  • Sensor fusion for tactile and visual feedback;
  • Tactile sensors in dexterous manipulation;
  • Advances in perception and control technologies for robotic systems;
  • Sensor fusion in healthcare, service, and industrial robotics;
  • AI and LLM in sensor fusion;
  • Multi-modal sensor fusion for grasping and manipulation.

Dr. Chongkun Xia
Prof. Dr. Xueqian Wang
Dr. Yajing Shen
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • intelligent robotics
  • robotic sensing
  • sensor fusion
  • AI manipulation
  • grasping control
  • visual sensing
  • tactile sensing

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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16 pages, 2934 KB  
Article
A Universal Tool Interaction Force Estimation Approach for Robotic Tool Manipulation
by Diyun Wen, Jiangtao Xiao, Yu Xie, Tao Luo, Jinhui Zhang and Wei Zhou
Sensors 2025, 25(21), 6619; https://doi.org/10.3390/s25216619 (registering DOI) - 28 Oct 2025
Abstract
The six-degree-of-freedom (6-DoF) interaction forces/torque of the tool-end play an important role in the robotic tool manipulation using a gripper, which are usually indirectly measured by a robot wrist force/torque sensor. However, the real-time decoupling of the tool’s inertial force remains a challenge [...] Read more.
The six-degree-of-freedom (6-DoF) interaction forces/torque of the tool-end play an important role in the robotic tool manipulation using a gripper, which are usually indirectly measured by a robot wrist force/torque sensor. However, the real-time decoupling of the tool’s inertial force remains a challenge when different tools and grasping postures are involved. This paper presents a universal tool-end interaction forces estimation approach, which is capable of handling diverse grippers and tools. Firstly, to address uncertainties from varying tools and grasping postures, an online-identifiable tool dynamics model was built based on the Newton–Euler approach for the integrated gripper–tool system. Sensor zero-drift caused by factors such as the tool weight and prolonged operation is incorporated into the dynamic model and identified online in real time, enabling a coarse estimation of the interaction forces. Secondly, a spiking neural network (SNN) is specially employed to compensate for uncertainties caused by the wrist sensor creep effect, since its temporal processing and event-driven characteristics match the time-varying creep effects introduced by tool changes. The proposed method is experimentally validated on a robotic arm with a gripper, and the results show that the root mean square errors of the estimated tool-end interaction forces are below 0.5 N with x, y, and z axes and 0.03 Nm with τx, τy, and τz axes, which has a comparable precision with the in situ measurement of the interaction forces at the tool-end. The proposed method is further applied to robotic scraper manipulation with impedance control, achieving the interaction forces feedback during compliant operation precisely and rapidly. Full article
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20 pages, 8723 KB  
Article
A Sensor Based Waste Rock Detection Method in Copper Mining Under Low Light Environment
by Jianing Ding, Fuming Qu, Weihua Zhou, Jiajun Xu, Lingyu Zhao and Yaming Ji
Sensors 2025, 25(19), 5961; https://doi.org/10.3390/s25195961 - 25 Sep 2025
Viewed by 553
Abstract
During production, copper mining could generate substantial waste rock that impacts land use and the environment. Advances in deep learning have enabled efficient, cost-effective intelligent sorting, where vision sensor performance critically determines sorting accuracy and efficiency. However, the sorting environment of copper mine [...] Read more.
During production, copper mining could generate substantial waste rock that impacts land use and the environment. Advances in deep learning have enabled efficient, cost-effective intelligent sorting, where vision sensor performance critically determines sorting accuracy and efficiency. However, the sorting environment of copper mine waste rock is inherently complex, particularly within the conveyor belt section of the sorting machine, where insufficient and uneven lighting significantly impairs the performance of vision-based detection systems. To address the above challenges, a deep-learning-based copper mine waste rock detection algorithm under low-light environments is proposed. Firstly, an Illumination Adaptive Transformer (IAT) module is added as a preprocessing layer at the beginning of the Backbone to enhance the brightness of the images acquired by the vision sensor. Secondly, a Local Enhancement-Global Modulation (LEGM) module is integrated after the A2C2f and C3k2 modules in the Neck to enhance the detection accuracy. Finally, to further improve the model performance, MPDIoU is introduced to optimize the original loss function CIoU. As a result, the proposed algorithm achieved an mAP@0.5 of 0.957 and an mAP@0.5:0.95 of 0.689, outperforming advanced methods by 1.9% and 8.6%, respectively. Full article
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Review

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43 pages, 3753 KB  
Review
Comprehensive Review of Deep Learning Approaches for Single-Image Super-Resolution
by Zirun Liu, Shijie Jiang, Shuhan Feng, Qirui Song and Ji Zhang
Sensors 2025, 25(18), 5768; https://doi.org/10.3390/s25185768 - 16 Sep 2025
Viewed by 1009
Abstract
Single-image super-resolution (SISR) is a core challenge in the field of image processing, aiming to overcome the physical limitations of imaging systems and improve their resolution. This article systematically introduces the SISR method based on deep learning, proposes a method-oriented classification framework, and [...] Read more.
Single-image super-resolution (SISR) is a core challenge in the field of image processing, aiming to overcome the physical limitations of imaging systems and improve their resolution. This article systematically introduces the SISR method based on deep learning, proposes a method-oriented classification framework, and explores it from three aspects: theoretical basis, technological evolution, and domain-specific applications. Firstly, the basic concepts, development trajectory, and practical value of SISR are introduced. Secondly, in-depth research is conducted on key technical components, including benchmark dataset construction, a multi-scale upsampling strategy, objective function optimization, and quality assessment indicators. Thirdly, some classic SISR model reconstruction results are listed and compared. Finally, the limitations of SISR research are pointed out, and some prospective research directions are proposed. This article provides a systematic knowledge framework for researchers and offers important reference value for the future development of SISR. Full article
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