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Carbon Nanotube and Graphene based Piezoresistive Sensors
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Carbon Nanotube and Graphene based Piezoresistive Sensors

A special issue of Sensors (ISSN 1424-8220). This special issue belongs to the section "Sensor Materials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (28 February 2021) | Viewed by 14544

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Inpil Kang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Mechanical Engineering Design, Pukyong National University, Busan 608-739, Korea

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Carbon nano structure materials, such as carbon nanotube (CNT) and graphene, have a piezoresistivity that changes their electrical conductivity based on external forces and deformations. The piezoresistivity of carbon nanomaterials can be used as a versatile sensor in various applications, including structural health monitoring, haptic sensing, and other wearable sensors. Piezoresistive sensors may require a customized piezoresistivity design to obtain proper performances such as sensitivity, linearity, stability, repeatability, flexibility, and so on. These factors are mainly related to the features of matrix, contents, and characteristics of the fillers and fabrication processes as well. Additionally, externally, piezoresistivity is finally determined by the geometric shape of the composites, the contact electrode for wiring, the ambient conditions, the operating frequency, the stiffness difference with the target surface, and the signal processing method. Although many studies have been reported, further research on topics such as piezoresistive model validation, reliability of the sensor, sensor design, and manufacturing is still required to satisfy industrial applications. Therefore, this Special Issue invites studies from various fields about piezoresistivity with experimental validation, characteristics of the piezoresistive model, industrial application, and others. The Special Issue is aimed at various technical issues of piezoresistivity of carbon nanomaterials to inspire and improve the industrial application level of the CNT and graphene-based piezoresistive sensors.

Prof. Dr. Inpil Kang
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • carbon nanotube
  • grapheme
  • piezoresistivity
  • nano composite
  • strain sensor
  • haptic sensor

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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20 pages, 3668 KiB  
Article
A New Route to Enhance the Packing Density of Buckypaper for Superior Piezoresistive Sensor Characteristics
by Mustafa Danish and Sida Luo
Sensors 2020, 20(10), 2904; https://doi.org/10.3390/s20102904 - 20 May 2020
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 3178
Abstract
Transforming individual carbon nanotubes (CNTs) into bulk form is necessary for the utilization of the extraordinary properties of CNTs in sensor applications. Individual CNTs are randomly arranged when transformed into the bulk structure in the form of buckypaper. The random arrangement has many [...] Read more.
Transforming individual carbon nanotubes (CNTs) into bulk form is necessary for the utilization of the extraordinary properties of CNTs in sensor applications. Individual CNTs are randomly arranged when transformed into the bulk structure in the form of buckypaper. The random arrangement has many pores among individual CNTs, which can be treated as gaps or defects contributing to the degradation of CNT properties in the bulk form. A novel technique of filling these gaps is successfully developed in this study and termed as a gap-filling technique (GFT). The GFT is implemented on SWCNT-based buckypaper in which the pores are filled through small-size MWCNTs, resulting in a ~45.9% improvement in packing density. The GFT is validated through the analysis of packing density along with characterization and surface morphological study of buckypaper using Raman spectrum, particle size analysis, scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy and optical microscopy. The sensor characteristics parameters of buckypaper are investigated using a dynamic mechanical analyzer attached with a digital multimeter. The percentage improvement in the electrical conductivity, tensile gauge factor, tensile strength and failure strain of a GFT-implemented buckypaper sensor are calculated as 4.11 ± 0.61, 44.81 ± 1.72, 49.82 ± 8.21 and 113.36 ± 28.74, respectively. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Carbon Nanotube and Graphene based Piezoresistive Sensors)
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15 pages, 2571 KiB  
Article
A Pressure-Insensitive Self-Attachable Flexible Strain Sensor with Bioinspired Adhesive and Active CNT Layers
by Minho Seong, Insol Hwang, Joosung Lee and Hoon Eui Jeong
Sensors 2020, 20(23), 6965; https://doi.org/10.3390/s20236965 - 5 Dec 2020
Cited by 17 | Viewed by 5700
Abstract
Flexible tactile sensors are required to maintain conformal contact with target objects and to differentiate different tactile stimuli such as strain and pressure to achieve high sensing performance. However, many existing tactile sensors do not have the ability to distinguish strain from pressure. [...] Read more.
Flexible tactile sensors are required to maintain conformal contact with target objects and to differentiate different tactile stimuli such as strain and pressure to achieve high sensing performance. However, many existing tactile sensors do not have the ability to distinguish strain from pressure. Moreover, because they lack intrinsic adhesion capability, they require additional adhesive tapes for surface attachment. Herein, we present a self-attachable, pressure-insensitive strain sensor that can firmly adhere to target objects and selectively perceive tensile strain with high sensitivity. The proposed strain sensor is mainly composed of a bioinspired micropillar adhesive layer and a selectively coated active carbon nanotube (CNT) layer. We show that the bioinspired adhesive layer enables strong self-attachment of the sensor to diverse planar and nonplanar surfaces with a maximum adhesion strength of 257 kPa, while the thin film configuration of the patterned CNT layer enables high strain sensitivity (gauge factor (GF) of 2.26) and pressure insensitivity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Carbon Nanotube and Graphene based Piezoresistive Sensors)
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12 pages, 5554 KiB  
Communication
3D-Printed Load Cell Using Nanocarbon Composite Strain Sensor
by Kwan-Young Joung, Sung-Yong Kim, Inpil Kang and Sung-Ho Cho
Sensors 2021, 21(11), 3675; https://doi.org/10.3390/s21113675 - 25 May 2021
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 5062
Abstract
The development of a 3D-Printed Load Cell (PLC) was studied using a nanocarbon composite strain sensor (NCSS) and a 3D printing process. The miniature load cell was fabricated using a low-cost LCD-based 3D printer with UV resin. The NCSS composed of 0.5 wt% [...] Read more.
The development of a 3D-Printed Load Cell (PLC) was studied using a nanocarbon composite strain sensor (NCSS) and a 3D printing process. The miniature load cell was fabricated using a low-cost LCD-based 3D printer with UV resin. The NCSS composed of 0.5 wt% MWCNT/epoxy was used to create the flexure of PLC. PLC performance was evaluated under a rated load range; its output was equal to the common value of 2 mV/V. The performance was also evaluated after a calibration in terms of non-linearity, repeatability, and hysteresis, with final results of 2.12%, 1.60%, and 4.42%, respectively. Creep and creep recovery were found to be 1.68 (%FS) and 4.16 (%FS). The relative inferiorities of PLC seem to originate from the inherent hyper-elastic characteristics of polymer sensors. The 3D PLC developed may be a promising solution for the OEM/design-in load cell market and may also result in the development of a novel 3D-printed sensor. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Carbon Nanotube and Graphene based Piezoresistive Sensors)
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