Sensors and Intelligent Control Systems
    
    
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             Editor
        
                
    
        
                    
         Prof. Dr.             João Miguel da Costa Sousa
             Prof. Dr.             João Miguel da Costa Sousa
         
    
         Prof. Dr.             João Miguel da Costa Sousa
             Prof. Dr.             João Miguel da Costa Sousa
         
    
 
        
        
        
        
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                            Collection Editor
             
    
    
        Department of Mechanical Engineering, IDMEC, Instituto Superior Tecnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
        Interests: computational intelligence and fuzzy systems; intelligent data analysis; smart industry; applications in energy and healthcare        
                                                                                                                
                                    
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    Topical Collection Information
    
        Dear Colleagues,
Advanced intelligent control is a rapidly developing, complex, challenging field with great practical importance and potential. It is an inter-disciplinary field, which combines and extends theories and methods from control theory, computer science, and operations research areas with the aim of developing controllers that are highly adaptable to significant unanticipated changes.
This Topic Collection aims to present and communicate new trends in the design, control, and applications of real-time intelligent sensor system control using advanced intelligent control methods and techniques. Thus, we welcome the submission of original research papers and review articles that report recent advancements in intelligent control using intelligent sensors—especially for the technology applied in smart industry, smart homes, grid systems, healthcare and other intelligent systems.
Prof. Dr. João Miguel da Costa Sousa
Collection Editor
Manuscript Submission Information
Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the collection website.  Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited.   For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.
Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a  single-blind   peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sensors is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.
Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript.
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    Keywords
    
- artificial intelligence
- intelligent control
- intelligent sensor systems
- intelligent data analysis
- computational intelligence
- machine learning
- deep learning
- smart industry
- healthcare
 
        
            Published Papers (3 papers) 
         
                    
             
    
	        	       
                    
                            
                
        
        
                    
    
        Open AccessArticle
    
    Cascade Proportional–Integral Control Design and Affordable Instrumentation System for Enhanced Performance of Electrolytic Dry Cells
                        
            by
                    Saulo N. Matos, Gemírson de Paula dos Reis, Elisângela M. Leal, Robson L. Figueiredo, Thiago A. M. Euzébio and Alan K. Rêgo Segundo        
    
                
        
                        Viewed by 1401    
    
                    
        
                    Abstract 
            
            
            In this paper, we present a cost-effective system for monitoring and controlling alkaline electrolyzers, intending to improve hydrogen gas production on a laboratory scale. Our work includes two main innovations. Firstly, we suggest an approach to calibrate a standard air flow meter to
            
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            In this paper, we present a cost-effective system for monitoring and controlling alkaline electrolyzers, intending to improve hydrogen gas production on a laboratory scale. Our work includes two main innovations. Firstly, we suggest an approach to calibrate a standard air flow meter to accurately measure the flow of hydrogen-rich gas from electrolyzers, improving measurement accuracy while keeping costs low. Secondly, we introduce a unique cascade control method to manage hydrogen-rich gas production in the electrolyzer, ensuring precise control over gas flow rates. By combining affordable, energy-efficient devices with a PI control system, we achieve efficient gas production through electrolysis, replacing manual control approaches. Experimental results confirm the effectiveness of our cascade control method, demonstrating stable operation with minimal errors. These results provide a foundation for further research into control strategies to enhance the performance of electrolytic cells.
            
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        Open AccessArticle
    
    Improved Motion Artifact Correction in fNIRS Data by Combining Wavelet and Correlation-Based Signal Improvement
                        
            by
                    Hayder R. Al-Omairi, Sebastian Fudickar, Andreas Hein and Jochem W. Rieger        
    
                
        
                Cited by 9        | Viewed by 7255    
    
                    
        
                    Abstract 
            
            
            Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is an optical non-invasive neuroimaging technique that allows participants to move relatively freely. However, head movements frequently cause optode movements relative to the head, leading to motion artifacts (MA) in the measured signal. Here, we propose an improved algorithmic
            
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            Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is an optical non-invasive neuroimaging technique that allows participants to move relatively freely. However, head movements frequently cause optode movements relative to the head, leading to motion artifacts (MA) in the measured signal. Here, we propose an improved algorithmic approach for MA correction that combines wavelet and correlation-based signal improvement (WCBSI). We compare its MA correction accuracy to multiple established correction approaches (spline interpolation, spline-Savitzky–Golay filter, principal component analysis, targeted principal component analysis, robust locally weighted regression smoothing filter, wavelet filter, and correlation-based signal improvement) on real data. Therefore, we measured brain activity in 20 participants performing a hand-tapping task and simultaneously moving their head to produce MAs at different levels of severity. In order to obtain a “ground truth” brain activation, we added a condition in which only the tapping task was performed. We compared the MA correction performance among the algorithms on four predefined metrics (R, 
RMSE, 
MAPE, and Δ
AUC) and ranked the performances. The suggested WCBSI algorithm was the only one exceeding average performance (
p < 0.001), and it had the highest probability to be the best ranked algorithm (78.8% probability). Together, our results indicate that among all algorithms tested, our suggested WCBSI approach performed consistently favorably across all measures.
            
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        Open AccessArticle
    
    Consensus Tracking of Nonlinear Agents Using Distributed Nonlinear Dynamic Inversion with Switching Leader-Follower Connection
                        
            by
                    Sabyasachi Mondal and Antonios Tsourdos        
    
                
        
                Cited by 1        | Viewed by 2426    
    
                    
        
                    Abstract 
            
            
            In this paper, a consensus tracking protocol for nonlinear agents is presented, which is based on the Nonlinear Dynamic Inversion (NDI) technique. Implementation of such a technique is new in the context of the consensus tracking problem. The tracking capability of nonlinear dynamic
            
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            In this paper, a consensus tracking protocol for nonlinear agents is presented, which is based on the Nonlinear Dynamic Inversion (NDI) technique. Implementation of such a technique is new in the context of the consensus tracking problem. The tracking capability of nonlinear dynamic inversion (NDI) is exploited for a leader-follower multi-agent scenario. We have provided all the mathematical details to establish its theoretical foundation. Additionally, a convergence study is provided to show the efficiency of the proposed controller. The performance of the proposed controller is evaluated in the presence of both (a) random switching topology among the agents and (b) random switching of leader–follower connections, which is realistic and not reported in the literature. The follower agents track various trajectories generated by a dynamic leader, which describes the tracking capability of the proposed controller. The results obtained from the simulation study show how efficiently this controller can handle the switching topology and switching leader-follower connections.
            
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