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Advanced Marine Environment Monitoring - Devices, Experiences and Perspectives
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Advanced Marine Environment Monitoring - Devices, Experiences and Perspectives

A special issue of Sensors (ISSN 1424-8220). This special issue belongs to the section "Environmental Sensing".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (1 July 2023) | Viewed by 8852

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Giuseppe Zappalà

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. CNR-IRBIM, National Research Council, Institute for Biological Resources and Marine Biotechnologies, Spianata S. Raineri, 86, 98122 Messina, Italy
2. Laboratory of Experimental Oceanology and Marine Ecology (LOSEM), Molo Vespucci, 00053 Civitavecchia (Rome), Tuscia University, Viterbo, Italy
Interests: environmental monitoring; advanced technologies; data acquisition and transmission; monitoring networks; monitoring systems
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Alice Madonia

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Biological and Ecological Sciences DEB, Tuscia University, Tuscia, Italy
Interests: oceanography; marine pollution; remote sensing

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Environmental health has gained increased interest in recent years as a capital to be preserved for future generations. Climate changes and pandemics have shed light on the interactions between human and environmental health. In this context, technological advancement for environmental monitoring plays a key role. Monitoring environmental domains (marine, freshwater, and terrestrial systems) relies on the support of advanced technologies as tools for acquiring near-real-time information on environmental status.

Traditional laboratory measurements cannot easily be used on in situ systems, so their is necessary to use advanced sensors with the precision, cost, affordability, and reliability required to set up sustainable monitoring systems, including co-operative, voluntary, and observing stations.

Low-cost and low power consumption electronics and data acquisition and transmission systems are also necessary in the design of modern quality measuring devices, to be used, for instance, in climate change assessment and forecasting, contaminant and pollution monitoring, and sea and land use planning. This issue welcomes research on all kinds of sensors and data acquisition and transmission electronics, on advances in technologies, and potential applications in several contexts, to provide an overview of the technological developments achieved in recent decades. This includes systems currently available, new designs, and future technological perspectives in the field of environmental monitoring.

Dr. Giuseppe Zappalà
Dr. Alice Madonia
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sensors is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • sensors
  • design of data acquisition and transmission systems and networks
  • advanced equipments
  • marine freshwater and terrestrial domains

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

13 pages, 2727 KiB  
Article
NOBEL-BOX: Development of a Low-Cost Ship-Based Instrument for Ocean Monitoring
by Noir P. Purba, Ibnu Faizal, Marine K. Martasuganda, Ajeng Wulandari, Rd. Salsa D. Kusuma, Muhammad H. Ilmi, Choerunnissa Febriani, Raffy R. Alfarez, Fickry Argeta and Jati S. Wicaksana
Sensors 2023, 23(24), 9654; https://doi.org/10.3390/s23249654 - 06 Dec 2023
Viewed by 1102
Abstract
This research aims to develop an inexpensive ocean observation instrument with the project name NOBEL (Nusantara Oceanography Backdoor Experiment Laboratory)-BOX. The device can be installed on all types of vessels for mapping the water conditions, providing accurate data for managing a marine area, [...] Read more.
This research aims to develop an inexpensive ocean observation instrument with the project name NOBEL (Nusantara Oceanography Backdoor Experiment Laboratory)-BOX. The device can be installed on all types of vessels for mapping the water conditions, providing accurate data for managing a marine area, particularly regarding water quality. The principle of NOBEL-BOX is to attach six sensors in a container connected to a microcontroller and then measure specific data directly and automatically. The methodology employed included experimental design, laboratory and field tests, and data evaluation to develop the necessary system and instruments. The design process encompassed the construction of the instrument and the fabrication, involving the creation of three-dimensional drawings and the design of microcontrollers and data transmission systems and power capacity. This instrument is box-shaped with a microcontroller, sensors, a battery, and cables located inside. The testing phase included data validation, testing of the device in the laboratory, and field testing showed that the device worked. The data provided from this instrument could meet the specific criteria for seawater analysis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Marine Environment Monitoring - Devices, Experiences and Perspectives)
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20 pages, 20107 KiB  
Article
Verification of Data from Supersensitive Detector of Hydrosphere Pressure Variations
by Grigory Dolgikh, Stanislav Dolgikh and Mikhail Ivanov
Sensors 2023, 23(15), 6915; https://doi.org/10.3390/s23156915 - 03 Aug 2023
Viewed by 536
Abstract
The paper describes experimental research and the results of these studies carried out in various bays of the Primorsky Territory of Russia using a supersensitive detector of hydrosphere pressure variations and a sound velocity profiler with pressure and temperature sensors. In all experiments, [...] Read more.
The paper describes experimental research and the results of these studies carried out in various bays of the Primorsky Territory of Russia using a supersensitive detector of hydrosphere pressure variations and a sound velocity profiler with pressure and temperature sensors. In all experiments, instruments, rigidly fixed to each other, were placed on the bottom at a depth of up to 10 m. Comparison of in-situ data from these instruments allowed us to experimentally calculate the coefficient of data conversion of the supersensitive detector of hydrosphere pressure variations when registering sea waves with periods ranging from several seconds to tens of minutes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Marine Environment Monitoring - Devices, Experiences and Perspectives)
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13 pages, 4502 KiB  
Communication
A Wireless Autonomous Real-Time Underwater Acoustic Positioning System
by François-Marie Manicacci, Johann Mourier, Chabi Babatounde, Jessica Garcia, Mickaël Broutta, Jean-Sébastien Gualtieri and Antoine Aiello
Sensors 2022, 22(21), 8208; https://doi.org/10.3390/s22218208 - 26 Oct 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2084
Abstract
Recent acoustic telemetry positioning systems are able to reconstruct the positions and trajectories of organisms at a scale of a few centimeters to a few meters. However, they present several logistical constraints including receiver maintenance, calibration procedures and limited access to real-time data. [...] Read more.
Recent acoustic telemetry positioning systems are able to reconstruct the positions and trajectories of organisms at a scale of a few centimeters to a few meters. However, they present several logistical constraints including receiver maintenance, calibration procedures and limited access to real-time data. We present here a novel, easy-to-deploy, energy self-sufficient underwater positioning system based on the time difference of arrival (TDOA) algorithm and the Global System for Mobile (GSM) communication technology, capable of locating tagged marine organisms in real time. We provide an illustration of the application of this system with empirical examples using continuous and coded tags in fish and benthic invertebrates. In situ experimental tests of the operational system demonstrated similar performances to currently available acoustic positioning systems, with a global positioning error of 7.13 ± 5.80 m (mean ± SD) and one-third of the pings can be localized within 278 m of the farthest buoy. Despite some required improvements, this prototype is designed to be autonomous and can be deployed from the surface in various environments (rivers, lakes, and oceans). It was proven to be useful to monitor a wide variety of species (benthic and pelagic) in real time. Its real-time property can be used to rapidly detect system failure, optimize deployment design, or for ecological or conservation applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Marine Environment Monitoring - Devices, Experiences and Perspectives)
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26 pages, 7420 KiB  
Article
Water Turbidity and Suspended Particulate Matter Concentration at Dredged Material Dumping Sites in the Southern Baltic
by Barbara Lednicka, Maria Kubacka, Włodzimierz Freda, Kamila Haule, Grażyna Dembska, Katarzyna Galer-Tatarowicz and Grażyna Pazikowska-Sapota
Sensors 2022, 22(20), 8049; https://doi.org/10.3390/s22208049 - 21 Oct 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1938
Abstract
Dredged material dumping is an activity that causes some of the greatest changes in coastal waters. It results in the need to regularly monitor the properties of seawater related to water quality. In this study, we present the first wide-ranging attempt to correlate [...] Read more.
Dredged material dumping is an activity that causes some of the greatest changes in coastal waters. It results in the need to regularly monitor the properties of seawater related to water quality. In this study, we present the first wide-ranging attempt to correlate seawater turbidity and suspended particulate matter (SPM) concentrations within dumping sites and adjacent waters on the basis of in situ measurements. In the years 2019–2020, we examined four dumping sites, namely Darłowo, Gdynia, Gdańsk, and DCT, located in Polish coastal waters of the Baltic Sea, in the course of four measurement campaigns conducted in the spring, summer, autumn, and winter. The measurements were conducted using a turbidity sensor to determine the turbidity, in formazin turbidity units (FTU), a spectrophotometer to determine the concentrations of nutrients (total phosphorus (P-tot), phosphate phosphorus (P-PO4−3), total nitrogen (N-tot), ammonium nitrogen (N-NH4+), and nitrate nitrogen (N-NO3−)), as well as glass microfiber filters to determine the concentrations of SPM. The analysis of the relationship between the turbidity and SPM within the dumping sites in comparison to reference points showed that the dumping sites are very complex waters and that the issue must be approached locally. The highest turbidity values were registered in the spring, and they correlated linearly with the SPM concentrations (R2 = 0.69). Moreover, we performed a statistical cluster analysis to illustrate the similarities between sampling points in the four dumpsites based on nutrient concentrations. We conclude that the influence of the dumping sites on the local bio-optical and chemical properties significantly exceeds their borders and spreads to the adjacent waters. Nutrient concentrations in many cases exceeded the legal policy limits. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Marine Environment Monitoring - Devices, Experiences and Perspectives)
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Graphical abstract

17 pages, 26710 KiB  
Article
MASE: An Instrument Designed to Record Underwater Soundscape
by Iván Rodríguez-Méndez, Jonas Philipp Lüke and Fernando Luis Rosa González
Sensors 2022, 22(9), 3404; https://doi.org/10.3390/s22093404 - 29 Apr 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2428
Abstract
The study of sound in the natural environment provides interesting information for researchers and policy makers driving conservation policies in our society. The soundscape characterises the biophony, anthrophony and geophony of a particular area. The characterisation of these different sources can lead to [...] Read more.
The study of sound in the natural environment provides interesting information for researchers and policy makers driving conservation policies in our society. The soundscape characterises the biophony, anthrophony and geophony of a particular area. The characterisation of these different sources can lead to changes in ecosystems and we need to identify these parameters in order to make the right decision in relation to the natural environment. These values could be extrapolated and potentially help different areas of ecoacoustic research. Technological advances have enabled the passive acoustic monitoring (PAM) of animal populations in their natural environment. Recordings can be made with little interference, avoiding anthropogenic effects, making it a very effective method for some species such as cetaceans and other marine species in addition to underwater noise studies. Passive acoustic monitoring can be used for population census, but also to understand the effect of human activities on animals. However, recording data over long periods of time requires large storage and processing capacity to handle all the acoustic events generated. In the case of marine environments, the installation of sensors and instruments can be costly in terms of money and maintenance effort. In addition, if they are placed offshore, a data communication problem arises with coverage and bandwidth. In this paper, we propose a low-cost instrument to monitor the soundscape of a marine area using ecoacoustic indices. The instrument is called MASE and provides three echo-acoustic indices at 10 min intervals that are available in real time, which drastically reduces the volume of data generated. It has been operating uninterruptedly for a year and a half since its deployment, except during maintenance periods. MASE has been able to operate uninterruptedly, and maintain an adequate temperature inside while preserving its structural integrity for long periods of time. This has allowed the monitoring and characterisation of the soundscape of the test area in Gando Bay, Gran Canaria Island (Spain) without the need for human intervention to access the data on the instrument itself. Thanks to its integration with an external server, this allows the long-term monitoring of the soundscape, and it is possible to observe changes in the soundscape. In addition, the instrument has made it possible to compare the period of acoustic inactivity during confinement and the return of anthropogenic acoustic activity at sea. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Marine Environment Monitoring - Devices, Experiences and Perspectives)
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