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Advanced Sensor-Based Methods for Condition Monitoring, Diagnostics, and Fault-Tolerant Control of Power Converters

A special issue of Sensors (ISSN 1424-8220). This special issue belongs to the section "Physical Sensors".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 25 June 2025 | Viewed by 2471

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Dong Xie

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Professorship of Power Electronics, Technische Universität Chemnitz, Chemnitz, Germany
Interests: fault diagnosis and fault-tolerant control of multilevel converters; power cycling and packaging reliability of power semiconductors; condition monitoring of electrical components
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Shuiqing Xu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
Interests: fault diagnosis; fault estimation; their applications in power electronics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Bo Yao

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Energy, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
Interests: reliability testing; lifetime evaluation and condition monitoring of power electronic components in power converter systems
Dr. Hongjian Lin

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Electrical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
Interests: nonlinear and artificial intelligence control of dc–dc converters in microgrids; electromagnetic materials property analysis; electrical machines and drives control; wireless power transfer technique
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues, 

Power converters, as crucial components in power conversion, are extensively employed in applications such as electric vehicles, renewable energy systems, rail transportation, and power transmission. Ensuring their operational safety and reliability is paramount. The aim of this Special Issue is to integrate advanced sensor-based methods such as condition monitoring, diagnosis, and fault-tolerant control into existing control and/or information systems to enhance the reliability of power converters, thereby ensuring system operational safety and reducing maintenance costs. Various technologies such as sensor monitoring, artificial intelligence, analytical modeling, state estimation, and feature selection will be synergistically merged to enhance the monitoring accuracy and adaptability of practical systems. We invite researchers from academia and industry to submit original and unpublished manuscripts to this Special Issue to showcase the latest advancements in the relevant topics.

The topics of interest for this Special Issue include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • Condition monitoring and lifetime assessment of silicon-based or silicon carbide devices based on sensor data of power converters;
  • Condition monitoring and reliability evaluation of AC/DC capacitors;
  • Advanced sensor-guided fault detection and diagnostic localization;
  • Fault propagation and high-performance fault-tolerant control;
  • Fault diagnosis and fault-tolerant control methods, concepts, and performance evaluation in various application domains;
  • Novel non-intrusive fault diagnostics and condition monitoring sensor technologies for power electronic component/converters

Dr. Dong Xie
Dr. Shuiqing Xu
Dr. Bo Yao
Dr. Hongjian Lin
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sensors is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • power converter
  • power devices
  • AC/DC capacitors
  • condition monitoring
  • reliability evaluation
  • fault diagnosis
  • fault-tolerant control

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 10146 KiB  
Article
Fault Diagnosis for Current Sensors in Charging Modules Based on an Adaptive Sliding Mode Observer
by Pengfei Huang, Jie Liu and Jiaxin Wang
Sensors 2025, 25(5), 1413; https://doi.org/10.3390/s25051413 - 26 Feb 2025
Viewed by 353
Abstract
This article proposes a fault diagnosis method based on an adaptive sliding mode observer (SMO) for current sensors (CSs) in the charging modules of DC charging piles. Firstly, we establish a model of the phase-shift full-bridge (PSFB) converter with CS faults. Secondly, the [...] Read more.
This article proposes a fault diagnosis method based on an adaptive sliding mode observer (SMO) for current sensors (CSs) in the charging modules of DC charging piles. Firstly, we establish a model of the phase-shift full-bridge (PSFB) converter with CS faults. Secondly, the fault of the CS is reconstructed through system augmentation and non-singular coordinate transformation. Then, an adaptive SMO is designed to estimate the reconstructed state, and the residual between the actual value of the reconstructed state and the observed value is used as the fault detection variable. Finally, by using norms to design adaptive thresholds and comparing them with fault detection variables, the diagnosis of incipient faults, significant faults, and failure faults in CSs can be achieved. The experimental results verify the effectiveness of the proposed method in this paper; the robustness of the method has been verified under the conditions of DC voltage fluctuations and load fluctuations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Sensor-Based Methods for Condition Monitoring, Diagnostics, and Fault-Tolerant Control of Power Converters)
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15 pages, 6878 KiB  
Article
Finite Element Analysis of Electromagnetic Characteristics of a Single-Phase Permanent Magnet Linear Oscillation Actuator
by Hongbin Zhang, Zhaoxin Wang, Minshuo Chen, Zhan Shen, Haitao Yu and Zhike Xu
Sensors 2025, 25(2), 452; https://doi.org/10.3390/s25020452 - 14 Jan 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 793
Abstract
The electromagnetic characteristics of a single-phase permanent magnet linear oscillation actuator are analyzed by the finite element method. Firstly, the basic structure and operation principle of the linear oscillation actuator are introduced. The internal stator slot and arc tooth are used to reduce [...] Read more.
The electromagnetic characteristics of a single-phase permanent magnet linear oscillation actuator are analyzed by the finite element method. Firstly, the basic structure and operation principle of the linear oscillation actuator are introduced. The internal stator slot and arc tooth are used to reduce the detent force. According to the principle of electromagnetic fields, the electromagnetic field equation is listed and the function of the motor is deduced. At the same time, the eight-node hexahedral element is used to calculate the listed universal functions, and the inductance, flux linkage, induced electromotive force and electromagnetic force of the motor are deduced. The electromagnetic field of the motor is simulated by two-dimensional and three-dimensional finite element methods, and the accuracy of the calculation results of the electromagnetic characteristics of the cylindrical linear oscillation motor by the two methods is compared and analyzed. Finally, an experimental prototype was developed and the no-load characteristics of the motor were tested using the existing linear motor towing method. By comparing the experimental and simulation results, the accuracy of the theoretical analysis and the rationality of the motor design are verified. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Sensor-Based Methods for Condition Monitoring, Diagnostics, and Fault-Tolerant Control of Power Converters)
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23 pages, 13973 KiB  
Article
Joint Fault Diagnosis of IGBT and Current Sensor in LLC Resonant Converter Module Based on Reduced Order Interval Sliding Mode Observer
by Xi Zha, Wei Feng, Xianfeng Zhang, Zhonghua Cao and Xinyang Chen
Sensors 2024, 24(24), 8077; https://doi.org/10.3390/s24248077 - 18 Dec 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 679
Abstract
LLC resonant converters have emerged as essential components in DC charging station modules, thanks to their outstanding performance attributes such as high power density, efficiency, and compact size. The stability of these converters is crucial for vehicle endurance and passenger experience, making reliability [...] Read more.
LLC resonant converters have emerged as essential components in DC charging station modules, thanks to their outstanding performance attributes such as high power density, efficiency, and compact size. The stability of these converters is crucial for vehicle endurance and passenger experience, making reliability a top priority. However, malfunctions in the switching transistor or current sensor can hinder the converter’s ability to maintain a resonant state and stable output voltage, leading to a notable reduction in system efficiency and output capability. This article proposes a fault diagnosis strategy for LLC resonant converters utilizing a reduced-order interval sliding mode observer. Initially, an augmented generalized system for the LLC resonant converter is developed to convert current sensor faults into generalized state vectors. Next, the application of matrix transformations plays a critical role in decoupling open-circuit faults from the inverter system’s state and current sensor faults. To achieve accurate estimation of phase currents and detection of current sensor faults, a reduced-order interval sliding mode observer has been designed. Building upon the estimation results generated by this observer, a diagnostic algorithm featuring adaptive thresholds has been introduced. This innovative algorithm effectively differentiates between current sensor faults and open switch faults, enhancing fault detection accuracy. Furthermore, it is capable of localizing faulty power switches and estimating various types of current sensor faults, thereby providing valuable insights for maintenance and repair. The robustness and effectiveness of the proposed fault diagnosis algorithm have been validated through experimental results and comparisons with existing methods, confirming its practical applicability in real-world inverter systems. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Sensor-Based Methods for Condition Monitoring, Diagnostics, and Fault-Tolerant Control of Power Converters)
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